Jeremy Scahill - Dirty Wars

315 “far from his house”:CBS/AP, “Ft. Hood Suspect’s Cleric Killed in Yemen?” CBSNews.com, December 24, 2009.

315 Shaye’s interview was tough:“Transcript of interview with al-Awlaki,” from Al Jazeera interview with Anwar al Awlaki, December 23, 2009, released via NBC News, December 23, 2009, www.msnbc.msn.com/id/34579438/ns/us_news-tragedy_at_fort_hood/t/transcript-interview-al-awlaki/.

317 singing Christmas carols:Peter Baker, “Obama’s War over Terror,” New York Times Magazine, January 4, 2010.

317 Northwest Airlines Flight 253:“Investigators Cross Globe Looking for Details of Plane Bombing Suspect,” FoxNews.com, December 27, 2009.

317 Abdulmutallab’s father:Seth G. Jones, Hunting in the Shadows: The Pursuit of al Qaeda Since 9/11 (New York: W. W. Norton, 2012), p. 345.

317 “every teacher’s dream”:“Profile: Umar Farouk Abdulmutallab, BBC.co.uk, October 12, 2011.

317 studying Arabic:Peter Kenyon, “Going Radical: Yemen a Turning Point for Christmas Bomb Suspect,” Morning Edition, NPR, February 19, 2010.

317 enrolled in college:Mark Hosenball, “The Radicalization of Umar Farouk Abdulmutallab,” Newsweek, January 1, 2010.

317 traveled to the United States:Dan Eggen, Karen DeYoung, and Spencer S. Hsu, “Plane Suspect Was Listed in Terror Database After Father Alerted US Officials,” Washington Post, December 27, 2008.

317 Islamic institute in Texas:Tom Abrahams, “Terror Suspect Attended Classes in Houston,” KTRK-TV Houston, http://abclocal.go.com/ktrk/story?section=news/local&id=7193124.

317 “the real Islam”:Andrew Gregory, “Syringe Bomber Umar Abdulmutallab Chilling Text Messages to Dad,” Mirror (UK), January 1, 2010, www.mirror.co.uk/news/uk-news/syringe-bomber-umar-abdulmutallab-chilling-191630.

317 US Embassy in Nigeria:Jill Dougherty, “Official: Dad Warned U.S. of Son but ‘No Suggestion’ of Terrorist Act,” CNN.com, December 28, 2009.

317 “extreme religious views”:“Father of Terror Suspect Reportedly Warned U.S. About Son,” FoxNews.com, December 2, 2009.

318 “Explosive device”:Ron French, “Inside Story of Terror on Flight 253,” Detroit News, March 18, 2010.

318 cited as evidence:Peter Bergen, “Analysis: Similar Explosive on Plane Used in Saudi Attack,” CNN.com, December 27, 2009.

318 sent on a suicide mission:Victor Morton, “Awlaki Personally Blessed Detroit Attack,” Washington Times , December 29, 2009.

318 “voice-to-voice communication”:Sudarsan Raghavan, “Investigators Scrutinize Yemeni American Cleric’s Ties to Plane Suspect,” Washington Post, January 1, 2010.

318 “He was watering trees”:Author interview, Mullah Zabara, January 2012. All quotations and information attributed to Mullah Zabara come from the author’s interview.

318 one of his “students”:Transcript, “Interview: Anwar al-Awlaki,” AlJazeera.com, February 7, 2010.

318 sources in Shabwah:Author interviews, tribal members, January 2012.

318 “Yes, there was some contact”:Transcript, “Interview: Anwar al-Awlaki,” AlJazeera.com.

319 “technical error”:Peter Baker and Scott Shane, “Obama Seeks to Reassure US After Bombing Attempt,” New York Times, December 28, 2009.

319 AQAP released a video:Matthew Cole, Brian Ross, and Nasser Atta, “Underwear Bomber: New Video of Training, Martyrdom Statements,” ABCNews.go.com, April 26, 2010.

320 “season for second-guessing”:Mark Hosenball, “The Radicalization of Umar Farouk Abdulmutallab,” Newsweek, January 1, 2010.

320 “The Obama administration came in”:Transcript, Fox News Sunday, Fox News, December 27, 2009.

320 “trying to pretend we are not at war”:Mike Allen, “Dick Cheney: Barack Obama ‘Trying to Pretend,’” Politico, December 30, 2009.

320 “in the hands of the law enforcement people”:Sam Stein, “Bush Waited Six Days to Discuss Shoe Bomber with No GOP Complaints,” Huffington Post , March 18, 2010.

320 “it makes us less safe”:Allen, “Dick Cheney: Barack Obama ‘Trying to Pretend.’”

320 “A lot of the knuckleheads”:Baker, “Obama’s War over Terror.”

321 “Our nation is at war”:Transcript, “Inaugural Address,” January 20, 2009, The American Presidency Project, www.nytimes.com/2009/01/20/us/politics/20text-obama.html?pagewanted=all.

321 “We have a growing presence there”:Transcript, Fox News Sunday.

321 “Are we sending troops into Yemen?”:Transcript, Admiral Mike Mullen at the Naval War College, January 8, 2010, www.jcs.mil/speech.aspx?id=1312.

321 “We’ve known throughout this year”:Olivia Hampton, “Obama: No U.S. Troops to Somalia, Yemen,” Agence France-Presse, January 11, 2010.

321 “steadily growing military elements”:“Report of Inspection; Embassy Sanaa, Yemen,” US Department of State and the Broadcasting Board of Governors Office of the Inspector General, June 2010, http://oig.state.gov/documents/organization/145254.pdf.

321 authority to approve all personnel:“NSDD-38: Staffing at Diplomatic Missions and Their Overseas Constituent Posts,” text of NSDD-38, June 2, 1982, released by the Office of Management Policy, Rightsizing, and Innovation, April 26, 2005, www.state.gov/m/pri/nsdd/.

322 more than two dozen:Priest, “U.S. Military Teams, Intelligence Deeply Involved in Aiding Yemen on Strikes.”

322 operating its own drones:David S. Cloud (Tribune), “White House Considers Yemen Drone Strikes, Officials Say,” Los Angeles Times , November 7, 2010.

322 “After the December thing”:Author interview, Dr. Emile Nakhleh, January 2010. All quotations and information attributed to Dr. Nakhleh come from the author’s interview.

322 another round of meetings:US diplomatic cable 10SANAA4, from Ambassador Stephen Seche, US Embassy Sana’a, “General Petraeus’ Meeting with Saleh on Security Assistance, AQAP strikes,” January 4, 2010, released by WikiLeaks, http://wikileaks.org/cable/2010/01/10SANAA4.html. Details of the meetings between Saleh and Petraeus come from this cable.

323 “100 percent Yemeni forces”:Haley Sweetland Edwards, “US Lends Firepower to Yemen Fight,” Global Post , January 24, 2010.

323 “it is believed by most Yemenis”:Ibid.

323 take matters into their own hands:Author interviews, Special Operations sources, 2010 and 2011.

323 “Given the unsettled situation”:Peter Finn, “Return of Yemeni Detainees at Guantanamo Bay Is Suspended,” Washington Post, January 5, 2010.

323 “unconscionable”:Ibid.

323 “The instability in Yemen”:Transcript, “Remarks with Qatar Prime Minister Sheikh Hamad bin Jassim bin Jabr al-Thani After Their Meeting,” Washington, DC, January 4, 2010.

324 more air strikes:Robert F. Worth, “Senior Qaeda Figures Killed in Attack, Yemen Says,” New York Times, January 15, 2010.