Jung Chang - Mao - The Unknown Story

7 Lacked effective anti-tank: Li & Hao, pp. 273–4, 324. Artificial mountains: ibid., pp. 256–7.

8 Chou: no return to Moscow: Yang Mingwei, pp. 397–8. Ho Chi Minh funeral: Foreign Ministry 1990ff, vol. 2, pp. 158–60. Ho Lung: Qiu Shi, vol. 3, pp. 494–524. General Xu: Qiu Shi, vol. 3, pp. 500–19; Xin Ziling 2002, p. 568; Zhang Songshan, p. 29. Withdrew from Dubna: Pashkovskaya & Zhdanovich, pp. 321, 323; Clemens, p. 255, n. 5.

9 –482 “close to prostration”: Brezhnev, p. 98. Convened the Assembly: 29 Nov. 1964, Yang Shangkun, vol. 2, p. 427. Mao erupted: Cong Jin, p. 602; Mao 1993c, p. 615. Snapped at Liu: Mao CCRM, vol. 4, pp. 66–72. “Someone is shitting”: Zeng Zhi, p. 432. Birthday: Qi Li, p. 120; Zeng Zhi, pp. 432–3; Bo Yibo 1993, p. 1131; Mao Miscellany vol. 2, p. 427.

10 –483 Chen Bo-da: Bo Yibo 1993, p. 1133; Ye Yonglie 1990, pp. 211–13. Liu’s portrait: interview with Wang Guangmei, 27 Sept. 1994. In Suite 118: ibid.; Wang Guangmei et al., p. 118; Mao Miscellany vol. 2, pp. 437ff. Colleagues — Liu — Mao: Wang Guangmei et al., p. 119; Jin & Huang,p. 973.

11 “wag my little finger”: Wang Guangmei et al., p. 118. Jinggang visit preparations: Wang Dongxing 1993, p. 214; Gong Guzhong et al., p. 247; interview with Mao’s personal staff, 19 Apr. 1999, with a local official, 13 Apr. 1996.

12 Lin Biao démarche: Xin Ziling 2002, pp. 497–8. Mao in Jinggang: visit to Jinggang Mountains and interviews with locals, Apr. 1996; Wang Dongxing 1993, pp. 214–36; Gong Guzhong et al., pp. 246–7.

13 –486 Courted Sukarno: interview with Fujita (present at secret 5-hour Chou — Sukarno meeting, 1965), 6 Mar. 1998; Childs papers, Box 2, Folder 3 (Korianov briefing, 28 Feb. 1965); Taylor 1974, pp. 104–8; Copper 1983, p. 97. Egypt: Heikal, pp. 276–7, 282–3. Tan-Zam railway: Babu (original negotiator) interview; Snow, P., pp. 151–5, 160–72, 175–6, 181–2; Foreign Ministry 1990ff, vol. 3, pp. 31–40; BNC, 2000, no. 6, pp. 4–11. Ben Bella: Mao 1987–98, vol. 11, pp. 187–90; Zhou 1997, p. 738; cf. Liu, X., pp. 83–8; Snow, P., pp. 119–20.

14 Nyerere on Chou: Xiong Xianghui, pp. 431–2.

15 Mao — Pakistan — India: Garver, pp. 202–4; RR, 17, 20 & 22 Sept. 1965; Wang Taiping 1998, pp. 87–8; Foreign Ministry 1990ff. 1993, p. 478; conversation with Indian Foreign Secretary Krishna Rasgotra.

16 Garver, pp. 327–8.

17 –488 Thailand: Marks, p. 23; cf. Stokes; interview with Pridi family, 1 May 1996. Miyamoto: interview, 22 Apr. 1996. PKI plan: interview with Indonesian Communist leader, Oct. 1994; cf. Wang Taiping 1998, pp. 57–61.

18 Mao on Indonesia coup: to Japanese Communist Party delegation, 28 Mar. 1966, meeting record, courtesy of JCP Central Committee; Miyamoto interview, 22 Apr. 1996. Informer: Colonel Latief testimony in Shadowplay (BBC 4 television, 15 Aug. 2002).

19 Tong Xiaopeng, vol. 2, p. 219; Zhai, pp. 117–19; cf. Armstrong, pp. 127, 131–2.

CHAPTER 47 A Horse-trade Secures the Cultural Revolution

1 “punish this Party”: 20 Dec. 1964, Mao CCRM, vol. 4, p. 60. “as a scorpion”: interview with a person close to Mao, 14 Apr. 1999. “suppressed and bullied”: Lin Mohan, in BNC, 1994, no. 4, p. 26.

2 Mme Mao telephoned.: Xin Ziling 2002, pp. 506–7. Disdainful remarks: interviews with Lin family members, 6 May & 20 Oct. 1995, 11 Sept. 1997; Xin Ziling 2002, pp. 444, 480.

3 –495 “Engels to Marx”: Xin Ziling 2002, p. 480. Lin phobias: interviews with Lin family members, 6 May, 14, 20 Oct. & 7 Nov. 1995, 11 & 12 Sept. 1997; Deng Li, pp. 155–8; Guan Weixun, p. 213; Li, Z, pp. 453–4; Jin, pp. 145–7; visit to Lin villas. “specializes in hate”: Nov. 1961, in Ming & Chi, p. 201. Luo the Tall: Huang & Zhang, pp. 352, 433–538.

4 Mao — Lin, 1 Dec.: Xin Ziling 2002, pp. 509–10. Mayor Peng complains to JCP: Kojima, p. 51.

5 Wu Leng-xi: Rittenberg & Bennett, p. 288; Wu Lengxi 1995, pp. 150–4. “Wu disobeyed me”: Qiu Shi, vol. 2, p. 729. “bottomless” ambitions: Huang & Zhang, pp. 540–1.

6 Luo’s daughter: Luo Diandian 1999, pp. 200–1. Mao reluctant: Huang & Zhang, p. 540. “Jiang Qing is sick”: Zhang Tianrong, p. 71.

7 –498 Suppressed Mao instructions: Shi Dongbing, pp. 131–4, 139, 157. Peng — Peng tête-à-tête: ibid., pp. 208–22. Peng visitors: Peng Meikui, p. 231. Mao suspected conspiracy: He Long, p. 771; Mao Mao 2000, p. 27. Sleeping pills: Li Zhisui, p. 425 (E: pp. 440, 443).

8 Russian invitation: Wu Lengxi 1999, pp. 934–9; Shi Dongbing, p. 237; Wang Li 2001, p. 582; Mao Miscellany vol. 2, p. 375 (Mao said “no” on 20 Mar. 1966).

9 –499 “coup” accusation: Wang Nianyi, p. 18. Lapin — Liu at airport: Galenovich 2000, pp. 130–1, and interview with Galenovich, 24 June 1996. Russian-speaking director: Yang Shangkun, vol. 2, pp. 682–6; Wang Lianjie, p. 438; interviews with Russian-language interpreters, Yan Mingfu, 14 Mar. 1998, and Li Yueran, 24 Oct. 2000.

10 Tape-recorded Mao: interview with the girlfriend of Mao, 2 Nov. 1995; interviews with officials involved in the taping, 17 Sept. 1994, 7 Nov. 1995, 9 Sept. 1997; Ye Zilong, in ZQZS vol. 2, pp. 242–3; Li Zhisui, pp. 281–2, 352–5 (E: pp. 292–3, 433, 439, 451).

11 Interview with Kang Yi-min, 17 Sept. 1994.

12 Tsedenbal: Radványi 1978, pp. 183, 185. Luo condemned: Huang & Zhang, pp. 567–8.

13 Mme Mao writes Lin: Cong Jin, pp. 621–2. Chou tells Mayor: Shi Dongbing, pp. 239–43.

14 Politburo meeting May 1966: WDYZ vol. 1, pp. 1–25; Jin & Huang, pp. 1009–10; Li Xuefeng, in BNC , 1998, no. 4, pp. 17–19. Mao to Ho: Schoenhals 1996a, p. 94. Lin speech: 18 May 1966, WDYZ vol. 1, pp. 16–23 (E: Kau 1975, pp. 334, 328); Xin Ziling 2002, p. 542. Mao told Albanians: to Kapo and Balluku, 3 Feb. 1967, AQSh, f. 14, 1967, d. 6. Purging Praetorian Guard: interviews with victims, 17 & 25 Sept. 1994.

15 Purging police: Tao Siju 1997, pp. 204ff.; Liu Guangren et al., pp. 327ff. Ulanhu: Ulanhu, pp. 9–11; Bulag, pp. 226–9.

16 Lin against Lu, colorful text: interviews with Lin family members and friends, 9 Oct. 1993, 20 & 31 Oct., 7 Nov. 1995; WDYZ vol. 1, pp. 24–5; Chen & Song, pp. 485ff.; Ma Zhigang, pp. 187–211.

17 Mrs. Lin: interviews ibid.; Zhang Yunsheng, pp. 256ff.; Guan Weixun; Jin Qiu, pp. 145, 147–52.

CHAPTER 48 The Great Purge

1 Mme Mao heads Small Group: Wang Li 1993, p. 26. 4.8 billion: Zhou Jihou, p. 71. 1.2 billion: Zhou 1997, vol. 3, p. 340.

2 Red Guard posters: 2 June seems to be the day when the poster signed “Red Guard” appeared in the middle school attached to Qinghua University, WDYZ vol. 1, pp. 63–7. 13 June: WDYZ vol. 1, pp. 44–5. “lessons are stopped”: Mao CCRM & ARL, vol. VII, p. 3684. 18 June: Yan & Gao, pp. 46–7.

3 Dripping Grotto: visit to the villa and interviews with local officials, Oct. 1994; interviews with Mao’s personal staff; Gong Guzhong et al., pp. 8–9, 13–14, 157–64; 167–8; Zhang Yaoci, pp. 34–42.

4 –506 Mao hands-on: Mao to Small Group: “Come to my place to have a meeting every week,” in Qiu Shi, vol. 3, p. 418; multiple interviews with Mao’s and inner circle’s personal staff, and with Small Group member Wang Li. Chou in charge: Schoenhals 1996a, pp. 90ff; id. 1996b, p. 363; Jin Chongji et al. 1998, p. 894; interviews ibid. Changing-rooms: interviews ibid.; Chen & Zhao, pp. 7, 10; Li Zhisui, p. 462 (E: pp. 478–9). Officials’ children form Red Guards: interviews with many high officials’ children.