Robert Service: Lenin: A Biography

Decree on the Eight-Hour Day, 1

Decree on Land, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6

Decree on Peace, 1, 2, 3, 4

Decree on Popular Education, 1

Decree on the Press, 1, 2

Decree on Workers’ Control, 1, 2

Deich, Lev, 1

Delo Naroda (newspaper), 1

Democratic Centralists, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5

Democratic Conference (Sept. 1917), 1

Denikin, General Anton, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5

Diamand, Herman, 1

dictatorship: and L’s socialism, 1

dictatorship of the proletariat: L incorporates in Party Programme, 1, 2; L expounds, 3, 4, 5

Dietz, J.H.W. (Stuttgart publisher), 1, 2

Dobrolyubov, Nikolai, 1

Dobrovolski, General V.M., 1

Dolgov, Nikolai, 1

Donbass coalmines, 1

Dostoevski, Fëdor, 1, 2, 3, 4; The Devils , 5

Drabkina, Yelizaveta, 1

Dreyfus, Alfred, 1

Ducos de la Haille, Georges, 1

Duma: convoked, 1; elections to and composition, 2, 3, 4; Bolsheviks in, 5, 6, 7, 8; members visit L in Kraków, 9; prorogued (1917), 10

Dunaev, Yevlampi A., 1

Dybenko, Pavel, 1

Dzierżyński, Felix: joins Bolshevik Party, 1; heads Extraordinary Commission, 2; smoking, 3; searches for L’s would-be assassins, 4; arrests Left Socialist-Revolutionary Central Committee, 5; hunts L’s robbers, 6; Bukharin liaises with, 7; and L’s repressive orders, 8; L proposes removing from Central Committee, 9; investigates Georgian situation, 10, 11, 12; and L’s political testament, 13; at L’s funeral, 14

Eberlein, Hugo, 1

‘Economists’ (Marxist faction), 1, 2

Elwood, Ralph Carter, 1

Emancipation Edict (1861), 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7

Emancipation of Labour Group, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5

Encyclopaedic Dictionary (Brockhaus-Efron), 1

Engelgardt, M., 1

Engels, Friedrich: L’s interpretation of, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6; L reads, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13; appeal to Russian revolutionaries, 14; attitude to peasants, 15; Plekhanov’s reading of, 16; death, 17,18; Kautsky defends, 19; L cites, 20; influenced by Enlightenment, 21; L promoted as successor to, 22; Anti-Diihring, 23, 24; The Condition of the Working Class in England, 25

Enlightenment (18th-century), 1, 2

Essen, Maria, 1

Essen, Yekaterina von ( née Grosschopf), 1

Estonia: established as Soviet republic, 1

Eurocommunists, 1

Europe: L’s commitment to spread of socialism in, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14; L launches 1920 ‘revolutionary war’ in, 15

Extraordinary Commission see Cheka

famines: Volga region: (1891–2), 1, 2; (1921), 3

fascism, 1

February revolution (1917), 1, 2, 3

Fedoseev, Nikolai, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6

Feuerbach, Ludwig Andreas, 1

Figes, Orlando, 1

Finland: as Russian possession, 1, 2; L flees to, 3, 4; L in (1906–7), 5; L stays in on 1917 return to Russia, 6; nationalism in, 7, 8; L holidays in (December 1917), 9

Fitzpatrick, Sheila, 1

Flaxerman, Galina, 1

Fofanova, Margarita Vasilevna, 1, 2, 3, 4

Food Dictatorship, 1

Foreign Bureau (of Central Committee), 1, 2

Foreign League of Russian Revolutionary Social-Democracy, 1

Foreign Organisational Commission, 1

foreign trade: state monopoly on, 1, 2, 3

Förster, Professor O., 1, 2, 3

Fotieva, Lidia A., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9

France: in First World War, 1; revolutionary socialists in, 2; ends economic blockade of USSR, 3; see also Longjumeau; Paris

Franz Ferdinand, Archduke of Austria, 1

Franz Josef, Austro-Hungarian Emperor, 1

Freud, Sigmund, 1

Galperin, L., 1

Gapon, Father Georgi, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6

Generalov, V.D., 1

Geneva: L lives in, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5

Genoa: international conference (1922), 1, 2, 3

Georgia, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7

German Communist Party, 1, 2, 3

German Social-Democratic Party, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7

Germany: L admires, 1, 2, 3, 4; declares war on Russia (1914), 5; seens as imperialist aggressor, 6; war economy, 7; allows L to return to Russia after revolution, 8; subsidises Bolshevik Party, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13; campaigns for separate peace with Russia (Brest-Litovsk), 14, 15, 16, 17; military advance on Eastern Front, 18, 19; L urges commercial deals with, 20; and assassination of Ambassador von Mirbach, 21; L appeals to in Civil War, 22; L promotes socialism in, 23; in L’s plans for European socialist union, 24; L seeks concession agreements with, 25, 26, 27; Soviet commercial and diplomatic treaty with (1922), 28

Gete, Professor Fëdor, 1, 2

Geyer, Dietrich, 1

Gil, Stepan, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9

Glyasser, Maria, 1, 2

Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 1

Gogol, Nikolai, 1, 2, 3, 4

Goldenberg, I.P., 1

Golubeva, Maria, 1

Goncharov, Ivan, 1, 2; Oblomov , 3

Gorbachëv, Mikhail, 1, 2, 3

Gorbunov, Nikolai, 1, 2

Gorki, Maxim: and L’s admiration for Jews, 1; L writes to, 2, 3, 4; invites Bogdanov and L to Capri, 5; criticises L’s vainglory, 6; on L in Civil War, 7; and L’s views on popular culture, 8

Gorki (village), near Moscow, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8

Gots, Abram, 1

Govorukhin, Orest, 1

GPU see Main Political Administration grain trade: state requisitioning of, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7; tax-in-kind on, 8; private trade under NEP, 9, 10

Great Terror, 1, 2

Great War (1914–18) see World War I

Greulich, Herman, 1

Grimm, Robert, 1, 2

Grosschopf, Anna ( née Estedt), 1

Grosschopf, Johann, 1

Guchkov, Alexander, 1, 2, 3

Gusev, Sergei, 1

Haase, Hugo, 1

Haimson, Leopold, 1

Halila sanatorium, Uusikirkko (Finland), 1

Hanecki, Jakub, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5

Harding, Neil, 1

Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich, 1, 2, 3, 4;

History of Philosophy , 1

Helphand-Parvus, Alexander, 1, 2, 3

Helsinki (Helsingfors), 1, 2; see also Finland

Heraclitus, 1

Herzen, Alexander, 1

Hilferding, Rudolf, 1

Hitler, Adolf, 1, 2

Hobson, John Atkinson, 1

Hungary: and L’s launch of ‘revolutionary war’, 1; see also Kun, Béla

Imperial Kazan University, 1, 2

imperialism: L writes on, 1; and First World War, 2; and colonial troubles, 3

Institute of the Brain, 1

intelligentsia: guiding role for workers, 1, 2; repression of, 3

International, Second (Socialist): narodniki support, 1; 1907 Congress (Stuttgart), 2, 3; internationalist principles, 4

International Socialist Bureau, 1, 2, 3

International Socialist Commission, 1

International, Third see Comintern

Iskra (newspaper): L founds and produces, 1, 2, 3; and L’s What Is to Be Done? , 4; prints draft Party Programme, 5; moves to London, 6; moves to Geneva, 7; Trotski proposed for editorial board, 8; and Second Party Congress, 9, 10; L proposes reducing editorial board, 11; approves of terrorism, 12; L attacks reformed editorial board, 13

Italy, 1, 2

Ivan IV (the Terrible), Tsar, 1

Ivanovo-Vosnesensk, 1

Izvestia (newspaper), 1

Jalava, Hugo, 1, 2

Janson, Wilhelm, 1

Japan: war with Russia (1904–5), 1, 2; L demands support for, 3, 4; Piłsudski supports, 5

Jews: in Russian Empire, 1, 2; L’s attitude to, 3, 4, 5; participation in socialism, 6; Russian pogroms against, 7; and independent Soviet republics, 8; in Ukraine, 9; see also Bund

Jogiches, Leo, 1, 2

Kadets see Party of Constitutional Democrats

Kadyan, Dr Alexander, 1

Kaganovich, Lazar, 1

Kahn, Alfred, 1

Kalashnikov, Vasili, 1

Kalmykova, Alexandra, 1, 2, 3

Kalske, Emil, 1

Kamenev, Lev: passion for cinema, 1; arrested in war, 2; meets L on 1917 return to Russia, 3; supports Provisional Government, 4; incredulity at L’s extreme proposals, 5, 6, 7; works in Petrograd Soviet, 8; arrested and imprisoned by Provisional Government, 9, 10; L writes to on publishing The State and the Revolution , 11; released, 12; opposes L’s plan for October Revolution, 13, 14; rejoins Central Committee, 15; and demand for socialist coalition, 16; resigns from Central Committee, 17; warns of political catastrophe, 18; disbelieves European socialist revolution, 19; and Brest-Litovsk agreement, 20; in Moscow, 21; in administration of Moscow, 22; complains of Cheka conduct, 23; and establishment of Ukrainian Soviet Republic, 24; negotiates trade agreement in London, 25; approves introduction of NEP, 26; heart trouble, 27; pleads for formal justice, 28; L proposes demoting in Central Committee, 29; supports L on constitution question, 30; concern over L’s deteriorating condition, 31; L writes to on delegation of Sovnarkom functions, 32; L’s relations with, 33; allows L to dictate to secretaries, 34; told of Stalin’s abuse of Krupskaya, 35, 36; L considers as successor, 37; supports Stalin at 12th Party Congress, 38; rebuffs Trotski’s Left Opposition, 39; visits sick L at Gorki, 40; at L’s funeral, 41; memorialises L, 42; loses in opposition to Stalin, 43