Carl Meissner - Latin Phrase-Book

accessus et recessus aestuum – ebb and flow (of tide).

decessus aestus – the ebb.

aestus maritimi mutuo accedentes et recedentes (N. D. 2. 53. 132) – the alternation of tides.

aestus ex alto se incitat (B. G. 3.12) – the tide is coming in.

aestu rursus minuente – when the tide begins to go down.

mare ventorum vi agitatur et turbatur – there is a storm at sea.

mare medium or internum 9 9 The Romans called it mare nostrum (B.G. 5.1). Similarly mare Oceanus (B. G. 3. 7), the Atlantic; mare superum , the Adriatic (Att. 8. 16. 1); mare inferum , the Etruscan Sea (Att. 8. 3. 5). – the Mediterranean Sea.

ignem facere, accendere – to light, make a fire.

ignem tectis inferre, subicere – to set fire to houses.

ignem concipere, comprehendere – to take fire.

ignem excitare (pro Mur. 25. 51) – to make up, stir up a fire.

ignem alere – to keep up a fire.

accendere, incendere aedificia – to set buildings on fire.

inflammare urbem – to set fire to a city.

flammis corripi – to be devoured by the flames.

incendio flagrare , or simply conflagrare, ardere (Liv. 30. 7) – to be on fire, in flames.

incendio deleri, absūmi – to be burned to ashes.

igni cremari, necari – to perish in the flames.

ignem conclamare – to raise an alarm of fire.

ventus ignem distulit (B. G. 5. 43) – the wind spread the conflagration.

aer terrae circumiectus or circumfusus – the atmosphere.

aer qui est terrae proximus – the atmosphere.

suspicere 10 10 suspicere is also used figuratively, to look up to, esteem, honour, e.g. viros, honores . Similarly despicere . (in) caelum – to raise the eyes to heaven; to look up to the sky.

oculos tollere, attollere ad caelum – to raise the eyes to heaven; to look up to the sky.

sub divo – in the open air.

orbis finiens (Div. 2. 44. 92) – the horizon.

caelum or natura caeli – climate.

caelum salūbre, salubritas caeli (opp. grave, gravitas ) – healthy climate.

caeli temperatio – temperate climate.

aer calore et frigore temperatus – temperate climate.

caeli asperitas – rough climate.

caeli varietas – variable climate.

caelestia – (1) the heavenly bodies, (2) celestial phenomena.

sol oritur, occidit – the sun rises, sets.

ortus, occasus solis – sunrise; sunset.

sol 11 11 For an account of an eclipse vid. Liv. 44. 37. ( luna ) deficit, obscuratur – the sun, moon, is eclipsed.

solis defectio – an eclipse of the sun.

luna crescit; decrescit, senescit – the moon waxes, wanes.

motus stellarum constantes et rati – the regular courses of the stars.

cursum conficere in caelo – to run its course in the sky.

caelum astris distinctum et ornatum – the star-lit sky; the firmament.

nox sideribus illustris – a star-light night.

stellae errantes, vagae – the planets.

stellae inerrantes (N. D. 2. 21. 54) – the fixed stars.

sidera certis locis infixa – the fixed stars.

orbis lacteus – the milky way.

orbis signifer – the zodiac.

vertex caeli, axis caeli, cardo caeli – the pole.

orbis, pars (terrae), cingulus – a zone.

orbis medius – the temperate zone.

vocis imago , or simply imago 12 12 Also metaphorically, e.g. gloria virtuti resonat tamquam imago (Tusc. 3. 3), glory is as it were the echo of virtue. – an echo.

saxa voci respondent or resonant – the rocks re-echo.

ventus remittit (opp. increbrescit ) – the wind is falling.

ventus cadit, cessat – the wind dies down, ceases.

ventis secundis, adversis uti – to have favourable, contrary, winds.

ventus se vertit in Africum – the wind is turning to the south-west.

tempestas cooritur – a storm is rising.

imber tenet (Liv. 23. 44. 6) – the rain continues.

imbres repente effusi – a sudden shower.

tempestatem idoneam, bonam nancisci – to meet with good weather.

calor se frangit (opp. increscit ) – the heat is abating.

sol ardet, urit – the sun burns, scorches.

ardore solis torreri – to be dried up by the sun's heat.

tanta vis frigoris insecuta est, ut – the frost set in so severely that…

frigore (gelu) rigere, torpere – to be numb with cold.

frigore confici – to freeze to death.

aestus et frigoris patientem esse – to be able to bear heat and cold.

tempestas cum magno fragore (caeli) tonitribusque (Liv. 1. 16) – a storm accompanied by heavy claps of thunder.

caelum tonitru contremit – the heavens are shaken by the thunder.

fulmina 13 13 Used sometimes figuratively, e.g. fulmen verborum, fulmina eloquentiae, fulmina fortunae (Tusc. 2. 27), fulmina imperii (Balb. 15. 34). micant – the lightning flashes.

fulmen locum tetigit – the lightning has struck somewhere.

fulmine tangi, ici – to be struck by lightning.

de caelo tangi, percuti – to be struck by lightning.

fulmine ictus – struck by lightning.

eruptiones ignium Aetnaeorum – an eruption of Etna.

Vesuvius evomit (more strongly eructat ) ignes – Vesuvius is discharging flame.

venti ab ortu solis flant – the east winds are blowing.

spectare in (vergere ad) orientem (solem), occidentem 14 14 "The east" and "the west" = orientis, occidentis (solis) terrae, partes, regiones, gentes . The adjectives orientalis, occidentalis are not used in good Latin. The north, i.e. northern countries, is represented by terrae septentrionibus subiectae ; the south by terra australis . ( solem ), ad meridiem, in septentriones – to lie to the east, west, south, north.

spectare inter occasum solis et septentriones – to be situate to the north-west.

Germania quae or Germaniae ea pars quae, ad orientem, occidentem vergit – eastern, western Germany.

est a septentrionibus collis – a hill lies to the north.

situs loci – the situation of a place.

natura loci – the natural position of a place.

opportunitas loci (B. G. 3. 14) – the advantageous situation of a place.

opportuno loco situm or positum esse – to be favourably situated.

urbs situ ad aspectum praeclara est – the city is very beautifully situated.

oppidum mari adiacet – the town lies near the sea.

villa tangit viam – the country-house stands near the road.

oppidum colli impositum est – the town stands on rising ground.