Bruce Mesquita - Principles of International Politics

Libya and, 402, 465

Northern Ireland, 430, 433, 440

North Korea

domestic institutions, 86

human rights and, 27, 301–302

Korean War, 498

responses to citizen protests, 403

trade politics and, 377

North Korean nuclear program, 99–101

economic sanctions, 115, 150

expected utility, 126–136

game theory on, 148–163, 252

issues delineated, 37–38

median voter theorem on, 102–107, 110–114

win sets, 114–124

North Sudan, 166

North Vietnam. See Vietnam; Vietnam War

Norway, 283, 389

Nova Scotia, 487

Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty (NPT), 99

Nuclear power, 49

Nuclear weapons

Cuban Missile Crisis and, 19–21, 211–215

deterrence, 97–98, 190

Iran and, 37–38, 325

Iraq and, 37

North Korea and ( see North Korean nuclear program)

See also Arms control; Arms race

Obama, Barack

Afghanistan withdrawal policy, 208

environmental policy, 272–273, 281, 286, 347

foreign aid policy, 389, 411

North Korean nuclear policy, 103–104, 114, 122, 126, 153, 156, 162

Palestine and, 5

United Nations and, 5, 199

Obrador, Andres Manuel Lopez, 503–504

Ocean resources, 73, 246, 447

Off-the-equilibrium-path choices, 153, 158–159

Ohio Valley, 487

Oil politics

domestic institutions and, 472

human rights and, 305, 307

interventions motivated by, 166, 229, 465

oil as rival good, 244

OPEC cartel dynamics, 52–53, 243, 259–260, 261

trade policy and, 325

U.S. dollar as basis for selling price of, 198, 366

Oligarchy, 264, 491

On the Principles of Political Economy and

Taxation (Ricardo), 329

Openness in current prices (OPENC), 350–351

Operation Deliberate Force, 208

Opium War, 489–490

Opportunity costs, 330–334, 363, 370

Opposition parties, 219–220

Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), 386, 389, 399–400, 401

Organization of American States (OAS), 261

Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), 52–53, 243, 259–260, 261

Oslo agreement (1993)

Ostpolitik, 471

Ottoman Empire, 478 (map), 481

Ottoman Turks, 477–478

Outsourcing, 32–33, 323, 327, 376 (box)

See also Trade

Pacific dove hypothesis, 225–228, 421

Pahlavi, Mohammad Reza, 454, 472

Pakistan

creation of state, 498

foreign aid and, 401

international status of, 195

regional politics and, 244, 448

U.S. relations, 461

Palestine

Israeli conflict, 68–71, 170–172, 424, 427–429, 440–441, 498, 500

UN membership, 5

Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO), 420, 424, 427

Palestinian Authority, 424, 428

Palestinian-Israeli conflict, 68–71, 170–172, 424, 427–429, 440–441, 498, 500

Panama, 367

Panama Canal, 491

Panetta, Leon, 166

Panhellenic Socialist Movement (PASOK), 249–250

Paraguay, 324

Pareto efficient outcomes, 144

Pareto improvement (unanimity), 16–18, 74, 118

Pareto improving outcomes, 144, 441

Pareto inferior outcomes, 18

Parliamentary government, 79, 81, 479

Parsimony, 23, 41–42, 43, 59

Participants, definition of, 102 (note 1)

Parties, definition of, 102 (note 1)

Path dependence, 148–149, 476

Patriot Act, 417

Peace and prosperity

longevity of leadership and, 75

peace between democracies ( see Democratic peace)

Peace of Amiens, 488

Pearl Harbor, 62, 495

Peg mechanism, 361 (table), 367

Pennsylvania, 502

Penn World Tables, 136 (note 10), 350, 381

Pentagon, 502

Perceptions

role in international politics, 41

terrorism and, 427

Perfect information, 157

Persian Gulf War (1991), 229, 502

Personal interest. See Self-interest

Personal opinion or taste, 56

Peru, 369, 482

Pesticide residues, 348

Petition rights, 302, 403

Pharmaceutical trade, 346

Philip of Anjou, 486

Philippines, 491

Philip the Fair (king of France), 479

Pilgrims, 485–486

Piracy, 482–483

Pizarro, Francisco, 482

Players, 102 (note 1), 476–477

Poland

anticommunist movements, 501

environmental issues, 283

German invasion of, 477, 495

NATO partnership, 502

Polarity, 177–179, 178 (figure)

See also Bipolar systems; Multipolar system

Policymakers, definition of, 102 (note 1)

Political economy

international exchange rate systems, 197–198

liberalism focus, 25

See also Globalization; Trade

Political institutions. See Domestic institution

Political rights, 294, 300, 302, 304, 305, 307, 308, 317, 325

Politics

basic principles of, 93–94

See also International politics

Polity Index, 447–448, 466, 468–469

Pollution. See Environmental politics

Pol Pot, 318–319

Pooling equilibrium, 423–424

Portugal, 249–250

democracy and, 199

recession and 365

trade politics and, 329–330 (table), 331–334, 332 (figure)

Positive externality, 245

Positivism, 58

Posterior belief, 426

Potsdam summit, 496

Poverty, human rights and, 304–306

Power, 6

liberal view on, 24, 25

realist/neorealist views on, 10, 43–45, 181–185

role in domestic and international affairs, 29–30

Power transition theory, 10, 195–204

on causes of war, 200–204, 201 (figure), 202 (table)

Predictions, 40, 57, 153

Preferences, 2, 6

constructivism, 27

median voter theorem, 105–109

single-peaked, 105–109, 108 (figure), 114, 118–119, 123

terrorism game, 421 (table)

transitive, 8–9, 10–11, 14, 22, 131

Preferred-to set, 119–120 (figure), 139–140

Presidential election (2000), 21

Press freedom, 296, 302, 305, 307, 403

Price convergence, 357–358

Price equalization, 356–357

Principal-agent problem, 73–74

Prior beliefs, 1326

Prisoner’s dilemma, 139, 141–145, 251–257, 289–291

Prisoners of war, 300

Private goods, 80

collective action problem, 247–250

distribution, as influencing nation building, 456 ( see also Democratization)

distribution, as tool for retaining power, 81, 86–94, 228–229, 233, 237, 450, 452

fair trade as, 344, 348

foreign aid decisions, 397, 404–405, 411–412 (figure)

strategies to avoid rebellion, 405–406, 410, 411

Probabilistic hypotheses, 55

Probability of success or failure, 24, 129–130

Production possibility frontier, 331–332 (table)

Productivity of labor, 329–330 (table)

Programme of Action, 302

Property rights, 247

Prophecies, 57

Proportional representation, 69, 79, 81, 249, 349, 470

Proportionate reduction in error (PRE) measure, 203 (box)

Protectionism, 18, 325

See also Trade

Protectionist trade barriers. See Trade

Protestant Reformation, 480–481, 483

Provisional IRA, 433, 440

Prussia

1866 system-transforming war, 55, 487, 490

historical developments, 486, 487, 489, 490

Psychological theories, 168

Ptolemaic theory, 47–48

Public goods, 65

collective action problem, 247–250

coordination goods, 403–404, 405, 407

distribution, as influencing nation building, 403, 456, 460–461 ( see also Democratization)

distribution, as tool for retaining power, 81, 86–94, 228–229, 233, 237

free trade as, 343, 348

strategies to avoid rebellion, 403, 405–413, 406 (figure)