Bruce Mesquita - Principles of International Politics

solving without audience costs, 215–216

Cromwell, Oliver, 485

Crying wolf syndrome, 259

Cuba, 29, 325, 367, 491

Cuban Missile Crisis, 19–21, 211–215, 218, 499–500

Cultural norms, 25

See also Norms and regime

Currency convertibility, 324, 368

Currency mobility, 359–368

Currency peg, 361 (table), 367

Currency policy, 197–198, 262–263

Currency stability, 366

Customs. See Norms and regimes

Cyprus, 248, 448

Czechoslovakia, 191, 495

Czech Republic, 283

Daimler-Benz Co., 346

DDT pesticide, 348

Deadweight loss, 343

Debt relief, 413

Decision makers, 102 (note 1), 476–477

Decision theory. See Expected utility; Game theory; Median voter theorem

Declaration of Independence, 487

Declarations, 302–304

Decolonization, 498

Deep agreements, 240, 282–284, 287, 303 482

Defection, 90, 92, 94, 142, 144, 219–220, 252, 253, 254

Defense, as public good, 81

Defense budget

bureaucratic politics and, 11, 15, 41

war effort, 234 (figure)–236 (figure)

De Gaulle, Charles, 462

Degenerate theories, 59

Demand and supply, 335–338, 337 (figure)

Demand curves, 337, 338, 340

Democracies

motivations for warfare, 229–230 (table) 65, 93, 384, 413

nation building and, 456–463

war conduct and outcomes, 450–451 (figure)

war-selection calculations, 230–231 (table)

Democratic government

as affected by institutional arrangements ( see Domestic institutions)

average term of office, 76 (figure)–77

Democratic peace, 446–456

central contention of, 446

central findings and evidence, 447–448

democracy as hindering, 454–456

enforcement effort, 452–454

explanations of, 448–456

normative perspective on, 449

selectorate explanation of, 79, 449, 450–454, 456–463

war effort, 231–237

Democratic Republic of the Congo, 462, 473

Democratization, 32

democracy and autocracy policies compared, 456–463

end of Cold War analyzed, 466

foreign aid as not advancing, 15, 392–393, 401–413

hypotheses analyzed, 465–473, 467 (table), 469 (figure)

outcomes in selected countries, 454–456, 469–473

strategic perspective on, 456

United Nations efforts, 464–465, 466–467 (table)

U.S. policy focus, 457–459

Demonized leaders, 223, 225

Deng Xiapoing, 92

Denmark, 283, 307, 389

Dependent variables, 26, 39–40, 43, 51, 52, 53, 55

Depression (1930s), 326–327, 494

Descartes, René, 486

Détente, 500

Deterrence

as Cold war strategy, 499–500

effectiveness of, 49, 159, 190

nuclear weapons, 97–98, 190

Dictatorships, 22, 27–28, 29

as affected by institutional arrangements, 199

foreign aid to, 384, 386, 393, 400–401, 413, 461

historical developments, 485, 493, 494, 496, 498, 503

ideology of, 58

loyalty and, 87–88, 89

mobility and, 377–378

moral hazard and, 75

neorealism perspective on, 23

succession crises and, 402

See also Autocracy

Disarmament, 174, 239

Dissatisfaction, and risk of war, 196–197

Distribution of power, 25, 29–30

See also Power

Distribution of resources

counterterrorism and, 436–439, 437 (figure)

institutional arrangements affecting ( see Domestic institutions)

problem explained, 70, 72

role of international organizations in resolving problems, 244

Diversionary war, 220–228

Divine right, 486

Divisible resources. See Private goods

Dollarization, 361 (table), 367, 368

Dollar standard, 366

Domestic institutions

accountability of leaders, 78

distribution of goods, as tool to remain in power, 81, 86–94

failure of nation building ( see Democratization)

foreign policy shaped by, 219–220 ( see also Democratic peace)

membership in international organizations, 261–263

selectorate and winning coalition, concepts delineated, 81–86

trade policy choices, 339 (figure)–343, 344–349, 378

Domestic politics, 2

foreign policy as shaped by, 77–79

international politics and, 4–6, 66–67

neorealism view on, 23

war motivation shaped by, 210–211, 220–228

Dominant strategy, 144

Dominican Republic, 496

Donk, Adrian van der, 485

Doves, 207

pacific dove hypothesis, 225–228, 421

Due process, 417

Dutch War, 192

Eastern Europe

end of Cold War and, 402, 501

postwar economic policies, 387

See also specific countries

East Germany, 497, 501

East Timor, 367

Economic rights, 294, 300, 304

Economic sanctions. See North Korean nuclear program; Sanctions

Ecuador, 367

Eden, Anthony, 210

Edward I (king of England), 487

Egypt

democracy, 27

domestic institutions, 82–85

foreign aid and, 411, 412, 413

historical developments, 488

regional politics and, 500

revolution in, 402, 503

Suez crisis in, 191, 210

Einstein, Albert, 47

Eisenhower, Dwight, 211

Elasticity of supply or demand, 342 (note 2), 343

Elections, rigged. See Autocracy

Electoral College, 21, 81, 90 (note 7)

El Salvador, 458

Emigration, 371

Emission reduction game, 289–291, 290 (table)

Empirical accuracy, 38

Empirical evaluation, 486

Endogenous choices, 161–162

Engel, Friedrich, 493

England. See Great Britain

Environmental politics

international organizations and norms, 282–286

trade and, 347–348

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), 348

Equilibrium price, 335, 338

Equity effects of trade policy, 350–351

Essential actors/states, 175, 192–193

Estonia, 502

Ethnic cleansing, 318–319

EU Gene website, 136 (note 10)

Euro (currency), 360, 364–365, 366, 503

Europe

Cold War politics, 178 (figure), 179

military commitment, change in, 177–179, 178 (figure)

national capability, 193–194 (table)

See also specific countries

European Atomic Energy Community (Euratom), 262

European Central Bank (ECB), 124

European Coal and Steel Agreement, 262

European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC), 262

European Commission, 284

European Community (EC), 191, 262–263, 471

European Economic Community (EEC), 262

European Union (EU), 261

compliance, 324

currency policy, 248–249

decision-making process, 27, 124

decision-making rules, 124

See also specific countries

Evaluation of arguments. See Theories

Ex ante actions, 44, 143, 169, 230–231, 233, 457

Exchange rates, 252–253

Excludable/nonexcludable goods, 240, 244–245

Exclusiveness of organizations, 261–262

ExComm, 19–20

Existence claims, 55

Exogenous preferences, 160–161

Expansionism, 490

Expected utility, 97, 125–136

citizen rebellions and, 403

combining probability, costs, and benefits in, 130–136

computation of, 126–128

game theory applications, 146–147

Korean nuclear program and, 126–136

probability and, 129–130

terrorist negotiations and, 422–423

Explanations, 36–37

Exports, 37, 252–253, 380

Ex post actions, 51, 143, 169, 209–211

Extensive form game, 139, 148–150, 152 (figure)

Externality, 271

Factor mobility, 354

Factors of production, 329, 368–370

mobility of, 370–380

Fair trade, 325. See also Trade