Thomas Penn: Winter King: Henry VII and the Dawn of Tudor England

7. BL, Add. MS 21480, f. 101v; Cunningham, ‘The Establishment of the Tudor Regime’, pp. 277–8, 300.

8. Hammond, Barnet and Tewkesbury , pp. 43–5; Harvey, Jack Cade’s Rebellion , pp. 80–101; Cunningham, ‘The Establishment of the Tudor Regime’, pp. 230–97; Cunningham, Henry VII , pp. 174–80.

9. I am grateful to Sean Cunningham for his perceptive thoughts on Henry’s attitude to the young Lord Bergavenny.

10. Horrox, ‘Service’, pp. 66–8.

11. Cunningham, ‘The Establishment of the Tudor Regime’, pp. 288, 290, 292–3.

12. Ross, ‘Sedition and the King “Beyond the See” ’.

13. R. W. Hoyle, ‘Percy, Henry Algernon, fifth earl of Northumberland (1478–1527)’, ODNB ; C. S. L. Davies, ‘Stafford, Edward, third duke of Buckingham (1478–1521)’, ODNB .

14. Hicks, ‘Dynastic Change and Northern Society’, pp. 78–80.

15. James, ‘A Tudor Magnate’, pp. 71–5.

16. Dudley, Tree of Commonwealth , p. 57.

17. Rawcliffe, The Staffords , pp. 1, 36–7.

18. Harris, Edward Stafford , p. 43.

19. Hayward, Rich Apparel , pp. 171–2, 184.

20. Rawcliffe, The Staffords , pp. 35–6, 93, 138; Horrox, Richard III , pp. 84–5, 134; LP HVIII , III, (i), p. cxxx.

21. Hoyle, ‘The Earl, the Archbishop and the Council’, pp. 240–41; Condon, ‘Ruling Elites’, pp. 117–18.

22. Leland, Collectanea , IV, pp. 271–2.

23. TNA STAC 2/24/79, quoted in Hoyle, ‘The Earl, the Archbishop and the Council’, p. 242 n. 13; James, ‘A Tudor Magnate’, pp. 18–19.

24. S. J. Gunn, ‘Thomas Savage, archbishop of York’, ODNB ; Gunn, ‘Courtiers of Henry VII’, p. 43; Cameron, ‘The Giving of Livery’, pp. 21–22; Hoyle, ‘The Earl, the Archbishop and the Council’, pp. 242–5 n. 15; James, ‘A Tudor Magnate’, p. 49.

25. Hoyle, ‘The Earl, the Archbishop and the Council’, pp. 246–52.

26. Select Cases in the Council of Henry VII , pp. 41–4.

27. Lander, ‘Bonds, Coercion and Fear’, p. 283; Hoyle, ‘The Earl, the Archbishop and the Council’, pp. 254–6.

28. Grummitt, ‘Calais 1485–1547’, p. 148.

29. CCR 1500 – 1509, no. 226; Lander, ‘Bonds, Coercion and Fear’, p. 284.

30. TNA SC 1/58/57-8, printed in LP RIII/HVII , I, pp. 231–40; Grummitt, ‘ “For the Surety of the Towne and the Marches” ’, pp. 198–200.

31. LP RIII/HVII , I, pp. 231–2.

32. Luckett, ‘Crown Patronage and Political Morality’, pp. 579–81.

33. Horrox, Richard III , p. 171 n. 119; S. Cunningham, ‘Sir Richard Guildford’, ODNB ; L. L. Ford, ‘Vaux, Nicholas, first Baron Vaux ( c .1460–1523)’, ODNB .

34. Fortescue, On the laws and governance of England , p. 5.

35. LP RIII/HVII , I, pp. 231–40.

36. Skelton, Complete English Poems , V, pp. 46–61.

37. Machiavelli, The Prince , pp. 57–9; ‘The Petition of Edmund Dudley’, p. 86.

6. COUNCIL LEARNED

1. Jones and Underwood, The King’s Mother , pp. 74, 84–5, 158–9, 291–2; Jones, ‘Collyweston – an Early Tudor Palace’, p. 129.

2. Leland, Collectanea , IV, pp. 258–301; BL Harleian MS 78, f. 31; Jones, Bosworth 1485, pp. 177–8, 245.

3. WAM 16042; Gunn, ‘Court of Henry VII’, p. 137.

4. WAM 16047.

5. Condon, ‘From Caitiff and Villain to Pater Patriae’, passim ; Gunn, ‘ “New Men” ’, pp. 159–61.

6. S. Cunningham, ‘Henry VII’s Council Learned in the Law (active c .1499–1509)’, ODNB (I am grateful to the author for an early look at this article); Condon, ‘Ruling Elites’, passim ; Somerville, ‘Henry VII’s Council Learned’, passim .

7. For which, see TNA DL 5/2, 5/4, passim .

8. TNA DL 5/4, f. 101v.

9. Condon, ‘Ruling Elites’, pp. 132–4; Somerville, ‘Henry VII’s Council Learned’, pp. 430–31; Horowitz, ‘Policy and Prosecution’, pp. 420–23.

10. TNA E 101/413/2/3, ff. 45, 84v, 99; McGlynn, ‘ “Of good name and fame in the countrey” ’, p. 549; Horowitz, ‘Policy and Prosecution’, p. 426.

11. TNA E405/79, f. 3v; Horowitz, ‘Policy and Prosecution’, pp. 439–40; Hayward, Dress at the Court of Henry VII , pp. 143–4.

12. Skelton, Complete English Poems , V, p. 58; Gunn, ‘Structures of Politics’, pp. 79–80.

13. M. M. Condon, ‘Empson, Sir Richard ( c .1450–1510)’, ODNB ; Plumpton Correspondence , pp. 120–22.

14. Plumpton Letters , pp. 145–6, 186–7.

15. Grummitt, ‘Household, Politics and Political Morality’, p. 408; Plumpton Correspondence , pp. 177–8.

16. TNA E 101/413/2/3, pp. 1–3.

17. WAM 16073.

18. TNA C 54/376, mm. 36–7. I am grateful to Sean Cunningham for bringing this reference to my attention.

19. Guy, ‘A Conciliar Court of Audit’, pp. 289–95; Cunningham, Henry VII , p. 136; R. W. Hoyle, ‘Hussey, John, Baron Hussey’, ODNB .

20. Gunn, ‘ “New Men” ’; S. J. Gunn, ‘Dudley, Edmund ( c .1462–1510)’, ODNB .

21. Bratchel, ‘Alien Merchant Communities’, pp. 170–201; Sicca, ‘Pawns of International Finance and Politics’, pp. 8–17; Schofield, Medieval London Houses , nos. 178, 225; Dudley, Tree of Commonwealth , p. 2; Brodie, ‘Edmund Dudley’, pp. 136–8; Barron, London in the Later Middle Ages , p. 15.

22. Hayward, Dress at the Court of Henry VII , pp. 25–39.

23. Dudley, Tree of Commonwealth , p. 45.

24. Cavill, English Parliaments , pp. 28, 137–8; Brodie, ‘Edmund Dudley’, p. 148.

25. PROME , XVI, 1504 January, The opening of parliament; Fortescue, On the laws and governance of England , p. 10.

26. Cavill, ‘Debate and Dissent’, pp. 166–8; Cavill, English Parliaments , p. 201; Reign of Henry VII , I, p. 151.

27. PROME , XVI, 1504 January, item 11; Cavill, English Parliaments , pp. 210–11.

28. Roper, The Lyfe of Sir Thomas Moore, Knighte , p. 7; Guy, Thomas More , pp. 43–4.

29. PROME , XVI, 1504 January, Introduction (p. 316), item 5; TNA E 413/2/3, f. 120; Gunn, Early Tudor Government , pp. 103–4, 109–11, 126–7; Cavill, ‘Debate and Dissent’, pp. 168–72.

30. GC , p. 325; Dyer, Standards of Living , p. 263; Lander, Government and Community , p. 10; Hoskins, ‘Harvest Fluctuations and English Economic History’, passim .

31. TRP , no. 11, pp. 12–13; BL Royal MS 18 D ii, ff. 163–4.

32. Skelton, Complete English Poems , XVIII, p. 236.

33. TNA C 244/153, no. 136.

34. TRP , p. xxiv.

35. TRP , no. 50, p. 62; CPR 1495–1509, p. 380.

36. Thompson, ‘The Bishop in his Diocese’, p. 69; Gunn, ‘Edmund Dudley and the Church’, pp. 513–14; Elton, ‘Henry VII: A Restatement’, p. 5.

37. ‘Petition of Edmund Dudley’, pp. 86–7.

38. TNA E 101/516/17; TNA E 101/517/11, f. 3.

39. Dudley, Tree of Commonwealth , p. 50.

40. TNA E 404/81/4, 17 August 1495.

41. Dudley, Tree of Commonwealth , p. 37.

42. Condon, ‘Ruling Elites’, p. 134; Cunningham, ‘Loyalty and the Usurper’, pp. 462–3, 469–72; Dudley, Tree of Commonwealth , p. 36.

7. OUR SECOND TREASURE

1. Davidson, Festivals and Plays in Late Medieval Britain , p. 38; Hutton, Stations of the Sun , pp. 312–15; Kisby, ‘The Royal Household Chapel’, pp. 153–4.