György Spiró - Captivity

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Captivity: краткое содержание, описание и аннотация

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The epic bestseller and winner of the prestigious Aegon Literary Award in Hungary, Captivity is an enthralling and illuminating historical saga set in the time of Jesus about a Roman Jew on a quest to the Holy Land.
A literary sensation in Hungary, György Spiró’s Captivity is both a highly sophisticated historical novel and a gripping page-turner. Set in the tumultuous first century A.D., between the year of Christ’s death and the outbreak of the Jewish War, Captivity recounts the adventures of the feeble-bodied, bookish Uri, a young Roman Jew.
Frustrated with his hapless son, Uri’s father sends the young man to the Holy Land to regain the family’s prestige. In Jerusalem, Uri is imprisoned by Herod and meets two thieves and (perhaps) Jesus before their crucifixion. Later, in cosmopolitan Alexandria, he undergoes a scholarly and sexual awakening — but must also escape a pogrom. Returning to Rome at last, he finds an entirely unexpected inheritance.
Equal parts Homeric epic, brilliantly researched Jewish history, and picaresque adventure, Captivity is a dramatic tale of family, fate, and fortitude. In its weak-yet-valiant hero, fans will be reminded of Robert Graves’ classics of Ancient Rome, I, Claudius and Claudius the God.
"With the novel Captivity, Spiró proved that he is well-versed in both historical and human knowledge. It appears that in our times, it is playfulness that is expected of literary works, rather than the portrayal of realistic questions and conflicts. As if the two, playfulness and seriousness were inconsistent with each other! On the contrary (at least for me) playfulness begins with seriousness. Literature is a serious game. So is Spiró’s novel.?"
— Imre Kertész, Nobel Prize — winning author of Fatelessness
"Like the authors of so many great novels, György Spiró sends his hero, Uri, out into the wide world. Uri is a Roman Jew born into a poor family, and the wide world is an overripe civilization — the Roman Empire. Captivity can be read as an adventure novel, a Bildungsroman, a richly detailed portrait of an era, and a historico-philosophical parable. The long series of adventures — in which it is only a tiny episode that Uri is imprisoned together with Jesus and the two thieves — at once suggest the vanity of human endeavors and a passion for life. A masterpiece."
— László Márton
“[Captivity is] an important work by yet another representative of Hungarian letters who has all the chances to become a household name among the readers of literature in translation, just like Nadas, Esterhazy and Krasznahorkai.… Meticulously researched.… The novel has been a tremendous success in Hungary, having gone through more than a dozen editions. The critics lauded its page-turning quality along with the wealth of ideas and the ambitious recreation of historical detail.”
— The Untranslated
“A novel of education and a novel of adventure that brings to life ancient Rome, Alexandria and Jerusalem with a vividness of detail that is stunning. Spiró’s prose is crisp and colloquial, the kind of prose that aims for precision rather than literary thrills. A serious and sophisticated novel that is also engrossing and highly readable is a rare thing. Captivity is such a novel.”
— Ivan Sanders, Columbia University
“György Spiró aspired at nothing less than (…) present a theory in novelistic form about the interweavedness of religion and politics, lay bare the inner workings of power and give an insight into the art of survival….This book is an incredible page turner, it reads easily and avidly like the greatest bestsellers while also going as deep as the greatest thinkers of European philosophy.”
— Aegon Literary Award 2006 jury recommendation
“What this sensational novel outlines is the demonic nature of History. Ethically as well as historically, this an especially grand-scale parable. Captivity gets its feet under any literary table you care to mention."
— István Margócsy, Élet és Irodalom
“This book is a major landmark for the year.”
— Pál Závada, Népszabadság
“It would not be surprising if literary historians were soon calling him the re-assessor and regenerator of the post-modern novel.”
— Gergely Mézes, Magyar Hírlap
“Impossibly engrossing from the very first page….Building on a huge volume of reference material, the novel rings true from both a historical and a literary point of view.”
— Magda Ferch, Magyar Nemzet

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Master Jehuda, however, decided that Uri could not go.

“You’ve been placed under my care,” he said, with something that almost resembled affection. “I couldn’t bear it if any harm were to befall you on the way.”

Uri protested that no harm would befall him, but Master Jehuda was unbending. Of course, Uri thought gloomily; he’s my jailer, that’s what he was instructed by the fire signals. He’s frightened I’ll make my escape.

In the end, they sent someone else, with whom Uri was not acquainted; he was a young man but already married, and he spent a long time in whispered conversation with Jehuda in a corner before eventually setting off. He returned two days later, and again there was a lengthy whispered conversation with Master Jehuda.

On the next law-day, when at dawn people reluctantly trudged off toward the house of prayer, clay tablets under their arms, Uri stood in front of the house, watching them, and Master Jehuda greeted the two elected magistrates with a transfigured countenance.

“I’ve got the solution!” he exclaimed jubilantly.

They ate challah, sipped wine, and the master expounded. He announced with some sorrow that the messenger’s trip had proved fruitless. Master Joshua had provided no advice of any use, even though he did possess a lot of the oral tradition in written form. Still, the Teaching did not have to be in written form so long as it was in heads and hearts, Master Jehuda declared. He nodded in agreement with himself and the two elected magistrates enthusiastically joined him.

The Eternal One, Jehuda made known, did not wish for this complex affair to remain unresolved, and while the messenger was talking with Master Joshua, who had no ideas to offer, the Creator had divulged to Jehuda the solution to the problem in a dream.

The bill of divorce was original; there could be no doubt about that, and there was no need to call in new witnesses. An error had been committed when it came to transferring the orchard portion of the property, and that error could be attributed to the fact that Ezekiel, may he rest in peace, had not been of sound mind when he dictated the ketubah. If he had not been of sound mind when he made the list of his wealth, then it was reasonable to suppose he did not wish to divorce either, since Martha had been a faithful wife, as anyone would be able to attest. On those grounds, then, the whole bill of divorce was null and void.

Jehuda went on. “Martha is lucky that Thomas miscalculated. Only the Eternal One could have clouded his mind when he muddled up the details of the orchard, just as it is the Creator dictating our judgment, blessed be His name.”

Master Jehuda had made a wise decision; the parties were able to acquiesce to it, and it satisfied Uri’s sense of justice. Still he would gladly have sought out that Master Joshua in the seventh village to ask him whether it was true that no ideas had occurred to him — along the lines, say, of Ezekiel not being of fully sound mind. He also considered whether partial judgments based on preconceptions were reached in all matters that were even just a tiny bit complicated.

Master Joshua’s name came up again soon enough.

Uri woke up one morning to find Master Jehuda standing gravely over him.

“Did I oversleep?” asked Uri in a panic, and sat up.

Master Jehuda shook his head.

“No, you didn’t oversleep, but for a week starting today you cannot sleep in the barn.”

“What did I do?” asked Uri, a little irritated.

“You didn’t do anything,” said Master Jehuda. “That’s an order, though. You are going to sleep in my room for a week, starting today.”

Uri scratched his head; the change was not much to his liking.

Since it was not a law-day, he was free to gaze at the slow, leisurely puttering of the assistant cabinetmakers, an agreeable activity given that it was blazing hot outside. It must be tough out in the fields right now. When the day drew to a close he went into the master’s place.

The master was reclining on his bed and staring at the ceiling. His wife sat by the window, sewing something in the dark. They had not yet lit a lamp.

When she saw Uri, she jumped up, furiously snatched a blanket, and clattered out of the house.

“Have I done something to offend her?” Uri queried.

“She offended you, the guest, for leaving without showing you any hospitality!”

Uri still didn’t understand. Jehuda sat up.

“Master Joshua,” he said, “big brains that he is, explains the law by saying that a menstruating woman need not sleep separately, but tradition makes it absolutely clear that a women should sleep for a week outside the house because she’s unclean! Master Joshua is stirring women up against us! It has driven my wife mad as well; at this time in the month she rages outside in the barn for a week! The custom is quite clear, though, and she knows it full well!” He then added confidentially, “Master Joshua, big brains that he is, uses his explanations of the law against me, but I can see through his game!”

Uri felt uneasy and did not have a single pleasant dream the whole week. Meanwhile, he had to listen to Master Jehuda’s infernal snoring from the other bed.

He did not see why Master Jehuda had to banish his wife for a week when they didn’t even share a bed.

As far as they knew in Rome, married partners in Palestine shared beds.

Master Jehuda’s wife might be glad that she was able to sleep outside in the barn, Uri thought. At least it was quiet there. Why had she stormed out so angrily?

Uri took notes in Master Jehuda’s house up till Shavuot, which fell on the sixth of Sivan, fifty days after the first day of Passover, which also marked when reaping of the wheat began. Because the gathering of the barley was still in progress, every hand was needed, Uri’s included.

Shavuot was a splendid festival, the ending of the Feast of Weeks. Flowers would be gathered to decorate the houses, wine would be drunk, and prayers said. People would go in procession to the shul, sing psalms, and listen to readings of the Torah, which would invariably include the Ten Commandments. The passages would be explained by prayer leaders, the masters among them. Work was still an urgent matter, and people got up at daybreak the next day for the harvest. Uri was put to work gathering the ears of grain, bending down like any of the women, a serrated blade in his right hand. His back ached but he did not complain.

The women wanted to hear the Book of Enoch from him all over again, but anything they did not understand they would ask to have explained, taking it for granted that Uri had a much better understanding (after all, he was the one reading it). I’ve become Enoch’s priest, Uri realized. The scroll was not there, but Uri was able to recite it from memory. When they asked about the large house built of crystals, he shared the vision that had come to his mind upon reading it, which differed from what the women imagined. He did not believe in the existence of angels but was obliged to give an account at particularly great length, given that the Book of Enoch passed on very little information about them. He spoke about the archangel Uriel, who radiated light but was unaware that inside him was the eternal flame of a sanctuary lamp. It was something he had made up, and it pleased the women.

He noticed that in the fields he was improvising ever more audacious tales. When he became wary of this and hesitated, the women pleaded with him until he felt bound to continue. Merged into the Book of Enoch were embellished and modified Greek and Roman fables. Uri astonished himself with how readily the storytelling went. There were times when he came to a standstill, because sometimes he too had to work and lost his breath, but the women would not stop urging him to continue. Uri once suggested someone else continue, it wasn’t so difficult, and provoked a general outcry. The women were convinced that Uri had already read secret chapters of the Book of Enoch back in Babylon (Why Babylon? Wasn’t Edom their name for Rome? Uri asked himself) and that it was his duty to share that knowledge with them. So Uri always picked it up again. Somehow, whenever he had to repeat a story he had already told and got to the first sentence, a picture would come to him, and he would begin telling the women about that picture. The picture would then come to life, and all he had to do was to relate what was transpiring before his mind’s eye, as if the image actually existed but he were the only one who saw it and had to describe it for the blind. When they questioned him on where he took the stories from, Uri himself would fib that back home in Babylon he had indeed read and heard other bits of the Book of Enoch. That would set their minds at rest, but Uri became uneasy. There was something sinful about his telling stories as if he were reading, and although he did not believe in devils, it was still a bit like having Satan dictate what he said.

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