Alain Cappy - Neuro-inspired Information Processing

– Chapter 3offers a detailed exploration of neurons and synapses, which are the building blocks of information processing in the cortex. Based on an in-depth analysis of the physical principles governing the properties of biological membranes, different mathematical models of neurons are described, ranging from the most complex to the simplest phenomenological models. Based on these models, the response of neurons and synapses to various stimuli is also described. This chapter also explores the principles of propagation of action potentials, or spike, along the axon, and examines how certain learning rules can be introduced into synapse models.

– Finally, Chapter 4covers artificial neural and synaptic networks. The two major approaches to creating these networks, using software or hardware, are presented, together with their respective performance. A state of the art is also given for each approach. In this chapter, we show the benefits of hardware in the design and creation of networks of artificial neural and synaptic networks with ultra-low power and energy consumption, and examples of artificial neural networks ranging from the very simple to the highly complex are described.

1 1Memory that can be both written to and read from.

2 2Read-only memory.

3 3Zetta = 1021 and one byte is made up of 8 bits.

4 4Gordon Moore co-founded Intel in 1968.

5 5Represented by the number of logic gates per circuit.

6 6Also referred to as “bio-inspired”.

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