Alain Cappy - Neuro-inspired Information Processing

..Figure 4.18. Time variation of potentials V inand V outin the case of the simpli...Figure 4.19. Time variation of potentials V inand V out, obtained by SPICE simula...Figure 4.20. Block diagram of the electronic circuit simulating the ML modelFigure 4.21. Complete schematic diagram of the eight-transistor electronic circu...Figure 4.22. Simplified diagram of the ML neuron comprising only six transistors...Figure 4.23. Temporal variation in membrane potential and sodium and potassium c...Figure 4.24. Comparison between a very complete biomimetic neuron model (top) an...Figure 4.25. Dendritic tree of post-neuron, j. V mi(or V mk, respectively) repres...Figure 4.26. Definition of the memristance or fourth element based on state vari...Figure 4.27. V(t)–I(t) curves when I = I 0sin(ωt), for a resistance, R, an induct...Figure 4.28. Architecture for the electronic implementation of the STDP. The two...Figure 4.29. Principle of implementation of the STDP. (a) Scenario where t pre< ...Figure 4.30. Circuit enabling highlighting of the stochastic resonance. Transcon...Figure 4.31. Response of the neuron as a function of noise power. The membrane p...Figure 4.32. Simulation of a cortical column by a reservoir-computing architectu...Figure 4.33. General architecture of the TrueNorth chip (a) and detailed archite...

1 Cover

2 Table of Contents Table of Contents 1 Cover 2 Acknowledgments 3 Introduction 4 1 Information Processing 1.1. Background 1.2. Information processing machines 1.3. Information and energy 1.4. Technologies of the future 1.5. Microprocessors and the brain 1.6. Conclusion 5 2 Information Processing in the Living 2.1. The brain at a glance 2.2. Cortex 2.3. An emblematic example: the visual cortex 2.4. Conclusion 6 3 Neurons and Synapses 3.1. Background 3.2. Cell membrane 3.3. Membrane at equilibrium 3.4. The membrane in dynamic state 3.5. Synapses 3.6. Conclusion 7 4 Artificial Neural Networks 4.1. Software neural networks 4.2. Hardware neural networks 4.3. Conclusion 8 References 9 Index 10 End User License Agreement

3 Begin Reading

1 v Table of Contents 1 Cover 2 Acknowledgments 3 Introduction 4 1 Information Processing 1.1. Background 1.2. Information processing machines 1.3. Information and energy 1.4. Technologies of the future 1.5. Microprocessors and the brain 1.6. Conclusion 5 2 Information Processing in the Living 2.1. The brain at a glance 2.2. Cortex 2.3. An emblematic example: the visual cortex 2.4. Conclusion 6 3 Neurons and Synapses 3.1. Background 3.2. Cell membrane 3.3. Membrane at equilibrium 3.4. The membrane in dynamic state 3.5. Synapses 3.6. Conclusion 7 4 Artificial Neural Networks 4.1. Software neural networks 4.2. Hardware neural networks 4.3. Conclusion 8 References 9 Index 10 End User License Agreement

2 ii To my mentors, Professors Georges Salmer and Eugène Constant, who passed on to me their passion for research into semiconductor device physics To Nadine, Hélène and Pierre

3 iii Series Editor Robert Baptist

4 iv First published 2020 in Great Britain and the United States by ISTE Ltd and John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of research or private study, or criticism or review, as permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, this publication may only be reproduced, stored or transmitted, in any form or by any means, with the prior permission in writing of the publishers, or in the case of reprographic reproduction in accordance with the terms and licenses issued by the CLA. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside these terms should be sent to the publishers at the undermentioned address: ISTE Ltd 27-37 St George’s Road London SW19 4EU UK www.iste.co.uk John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 111 River Street Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA www.wiley.com © ISTE Ltd 2020 The rights of Alain Cappy to be identified as the author of this work have been asserted by him in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. Library of Congress Control Number: 2019957598 British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A CIP record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN 978-1-78630-472-8

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To my mentors, Professors Georges Salmer and Eugène Constant, who passed on to me their passion for research into semiconductor device physics

To Nadine, Hélène and Pierre

Series Editor

Robert Baptist

Alain Cappy

First published 2020 in Great Britain and the United States by ISTE Ltd and John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

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