Jonas Altman - Shapers

Stroll into any hipster coffee shop on the weekend, in any city, and barring a no Wi‐Fi policy you'll see heaps of conscientious folks on their laptops. Some may be students pretending to study, while others scrutinise cat videos–but I promise you, heaps of peeps are actually working. I'm one of them right now. ‘Poor souls’ some mutter under their breath; we can't enjoy our weekend and are forced to toil away on our devices. But poor souls, like rich pricks, are relative.

A tough day at the office was once counterbalanced with celebrating (often called drinking) or forgetting (dubbed television). Weekends were 100% sacred time to do anything but work. Shapers often choose to work weekends professing they do their best work while the rest of the working world, well, rests. They take a wholly unique attitude and approach, because work and play are often indistinguishable.

Still sceptical and think the blend is simply masquerading as workaholism? To shed some light on the matter it's helpful to distinguish between a workaholic (an avoidant behaviour) and an engaged workaholic (a deliberate behaviour). At the age of 28, Adam Grant became the youngest full professor at Wharton, having written over 60 peer reviewed publications and a bestselling book. His colleague Nancy Rothbard says Grant's love affair with work isn't a bad thing and doesn't guarantee burnout. An expert on the boundaries between work and life, Rothbard explains that when we find meaning in our work–seeing it as a joyous endeavour–we don't necessarily need to recover like ‘unhappy workaholics’. Workaholics, the disenchanted kind, are obsessed with their jobs but don't actually like them. Work functions as a diversion.

For many, busyness has become a proxy for productivity reinforced by the always‐on diet. At time of writing, a 31‐year‐old Tokyo based journalist clocked 159 hours of overtime in a month. Soon thereafter she died of a heart failure. Japanese authorities declared it death by karoshi . The karoshi phenomenon was commonplace in that country's bubble economy in the 1980s and has since, rather regretfully, normalised death by overworking. Western doctors call it civilisation's disease– a nod to the toxic ways some lead their lives.

This trend epitomises what German philosopher Joseph Pieper called total work– when humans become workers and nothing else. Our careers become the centre of our lives, and the totality of work takes up not just all of our time but also all of the real estate in our brains.

To be sure, there is a big difference between a shaper and a hustler. Working around the clock and wearing an ‘always‐on’ badge with pride is the mark of a hustler. There's no time to ‘turn off’ when you're so ‘turned on’ the hustler claims. The anxiety surrounding failure is so pronounced, the default mode is simply to work harder. It's a slippery slope from finding yourself in work to having work consume you. The saner strategy of the shaper is to intentionally funnel the working spirit–toiling in bursts followed by rest and reflection.

Just as work and life are blending, so too are disciplines and industries. Is Google a search engine, advertising company or artificial intelligence company? Is Facebook a social network or political lobbyist? To be frank I don't actually know, and I'm not entirely sure it matters. What I do know is that the ability to move between and match up disciplines will be a need‐to‐have quality for shapers. Instead of relying on arbitrary job titles, a diverse intersection of talents will be assembled for a given project. We'll need to slip seamlessly among creative, experimental, risky, emotive, collaborative, analytical, and networked mindsets and functions.

In a study of operatic composers, psychologist Dean Keith Simonton found that the most successful composers blend genres. Instead of focusing on a particular genre of opera, the most successful composers cross‐train, pulling from a rich mix of genres. Certainly, a deep expertise is always a good foundation, but we can be wary of getting too engrained in a particular field. We must widen our vision to ensure our peripheral gaze is popping.

In another instance, excessive schooling impaired creativity in writers who received a lot of formal education. At some stage they just had to make the jump and get on with it. Getting fit for a creative pursuit may best be achieved by shifting between broad interests and disparate fields. The real trick is knowing when and how to move fluidly between them.

Innovation expert Frans Johansson explains that it's a diversity of perspectives that truly drives innovation. So a helpful practice for shapers is to operate on the threshold–in between disciplines. It's in the antidisciplinary space, where a certain field is yet to exist, that the magic happens. Say, for example, where sociology and psychology marry–and voila! You have social psychology.

With more colourful thinking, we're more open to what psychologist Howard Gruber calls a ‘network of enterprises’. Instead of a narrow focus on one question or domain, we cross‐train to stay malleable. No joke: my orthodontist was also an extraordinary jeweller.

Like Simone de Beauvoir or Leonardo da Vinci, we obsess about lots of things and might pursue a series of loosely connected ideas, questions, and projects at the same time. Too much expertise can actually be detrimental to creative greatness. We've all heard the expression of not seeing the forest for the trees.

The reality of your place in work (and work's fit into your life for that matter) is ultimately determined by how you choose to see it . With the vantage of time, you can see yourself persisting (and perhaps prospering) into the future.

Holocaust survivor and psychiatrist Viktor Frankl knew all too well that the only things keeping him (and his fellow prisoners in the concentration camps) alive was the yearning to be reunited with loved ones and/or the opportunity to put creative works into the world. Our thoughts shape our reality and no matter what the circumstances, we can adopt whatever attitude we choose.

We turn our attention now to the modalities of work that are more becoming to the shaper life and the wired world we live in. At the frontier of the future of the work movement, we'll consider why dynamic teams and adaptive organisations do what they do so well. And we'll start to reveal that it's how we organise and work that requires constant experimentation. The overarching aim is for us to serve up the absolute best taco we got.

The only way to make sense out of change is to plunge into it, move with it and join the dance.

—Alan Watts

Better ways of working are dependent on trust. Since the proverbial office is now more a state of mind, we explore the desire, discipline and determination needed to do our best work. Shapers appreciate how to continually craft a career, pursue dopeness, work fluidly, manage themselves and employ the right tools with the right temperament at the right time. The end game is to ride high and set the stage for doing the work that matters most.