Gundolf S. Freyermuth - Games | Game Design | Game Studies

19Cited from Donovan: Replay , loc. 1372.—With EASTERN FRONT 1941 (1981) Chris Crawford later wrote Atari’s first War Game, whose conflicts played out in real time.

20See Egenfeldt-Nielsen et al.: Understanding Video Games , loc. 1812. This has to do with Ralph Baer’s conceptualization of the Magnovox Odyssee.

21Mäyrä: An Introduction to Game Studies , loc. 811.

22Ibid., loc. 539.

23Smith, E. E.: First Lensman , Reading, Pa.: Fantasy Press 1950; Gray Lensman , Reading, Pa.,: Fantasy Press 1951; Second Stage Lensmen , Reading, Pa.,: Fantasy Press 1953; Children of the Lens , Reading, Pa.,: Fantasy Press 1954.—These novels were originally published in installments between 1934 and 1948.

24Murray, Janet Horowitz: Hamlet on the Holodeck: The Future of Narrative in Cyberspace , New York: Free Press 1997, p. 274.

25Bogost, Ian: Persuasive Games: The Expressive Power of Videogames , Cambridge, MA: MIT (Kindle edition) Press 2007, loc. 125.—Bogost himself points out that Janet H. Murray, already in 1996, recognized procedurality as a central characteristic of the digital transmedium, from which its special storytelling capabilities result. See ibid., loc. 119.

26Ibid., loc. 36.

27See Lauro, Christina: “MMO Mechanics: Procedural Generation is the Future,” in: Massively by joystiq , February 26, 2014; http://massively.joystiq.com/2014/02/26/mmo-mechanics-procedural-generation-is-the-future/

28See “Emergent gameplay is usually taken to be situations where a game is played in a way that the game designer did not predict.” (Juul: Half-Real , loc. 837)

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