A Companion to Chomsky

Language learning isn't really instantaneous; it happens in real time.

1 1The preparation of this chapter was supported by a grant to Lila R. Gleitman and John C. Trueswell from the National Institutes of Health (1‐RO1‐HD‐37507).

2 2“Pro‐drop” refers to the property of allowing omission of the subject noun‐phrase while maintaining grammaticality. Thus in Spanish, one can say “Hablo Espanol,” in effect “speak Spanish” without the subject (“I”, or “Yo” in Spanish) being uttered. Thus the (pro)noun has been dropped in the spoken sentence. English, at, at the other extreme in this regard, require's an overt subject even where the semantics does not require it, e.g. we say “It is raining” even though we have no “it” in mind as the agent or actor of a raining event.

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8 {Gleitman, LR, Goldin‐Meadow, S, Senghas, A, and Flaherty, M. (2019 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116(24):11705‐11711; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1819872116

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17 {Morgenstern, L., Davis, E. and Ortiz, C. (2016), Planning, Executing, and Evaluating the Winograd Schema Challenge. AI Magazine 37(1):50‐54.}.

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20 Pinker S. 1984. Language Learnability and Language Development. Cognitive Science. Ser. 7. Cambridge, MA: Harvard Univ. Press.

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