Metal-Organic Frameworks with Heterogeneous Structures

Figure 1.2 (Continued)Some examples of metal nodes, organic linkers, and MOFs (definition of atom types: blue: metal; red: oxygen; purple: nitrogen; gray: carbon; and green: chlorine).

Figure 1.2 (Continued)Some examples of metal nodes, organic linkers, and MOFs (definition of atom types: blue: metal; red: oxygen; purple: nitrogen; gray: carbon; and green: chlorine).

Figure 1.3 Some examples of MOFs synthesis methods.

Until now, many investigations have been performed in MOFs field from synthesis approaches to analytical characterizations along with theoretical calculations. According to the capabilities of MOFs and their derived materials, investigation and use of them have been increased in the different fields such as optical and electrochemical sensors, catalysis, gas storage/separation, drug delivery, and ion-conduction. Indeed, the rise of chemistry about MOFs can be ascribed to the relationship between physical and chemical features of MOFs with their structure/composition like pore size, surface area, active sites, stability, and interaction degree. Most frameworks based on MOF are in homogeneous form, but recently, considerable efforts have been devoted to the creation of robust, stable MOFs with heterogeneous structures. So, establishment of several rational strategies for generating complex MOFs with developing new process conditions has attracted much more attention. In relation to MOFs with heterogeneous structures, the next chapters discuss the introduction of the kinds of complexities and their progresses in MOFs.

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