Donna Lord Black - Essentials of Social Emotional Learning (SEL)

3 During the COVID‐19 pandemic of 2020, advocates for SEL were most concerned that funding for SEL in schools would be lost because of greater access to free SEL resources.TrueFalse

4 National and state policy changes that lead to “zero‐tolerance” policies in schools were not rooted in clear knowledge surrounding need, but instead was fueled by media coverage of out‐of‐control youth.TrueFalse

5 From the late 1990s and into the 2000s, exclusionary discipline practices based on zero‐tolerance policies resulted in schools deferring to the juvenile and criminal courts systems to handle minor, discretionary discipline infractions in schools. This became known as the school‐to‐prison pipeline, a phenomenon that was fueled by which of the following?Reliable, accurate data measuring school crimeMedia coverage of juvenile crime and out‐of‐control youthThe No Child Left Behind Act of 2001

6 The impact of trauma and adversity on children has contributed to a sudden surge of interest in SEL. Prior to the COVID‐19 pandemic of 2020, how many children were reported to have experienced at least one adverse childhood experience (ACE)?25%30%50%

7 Despite the numerous studies that have been conducted to confirm the short‐ and long‐term benefits of SEL, there continues to be resistance from different groups, including school and district leaders, school staff, parents, community members, and policy makers. This resistance is likely due toa misunderstanding of what SEL is and what makes it an essential component of education.a lack of funding to support SEL implementation.a fragmented educational system in which the various components must compete for sparse resources.

8 Although the beginnings of SEL date back to Ancient Greek times, SEL was not well defined until the late 1990s. The event that established and defined the field of SEL wasthe formation of the Collaborative for Advancing Social Emotional Learning, now known as CASEL.the emergence of the Comer School Development Program.the 1997 ASCD publication entitled Promoting Social and Emotional Learning: Guidelines for Educators, coauthored by Maurice Elias and Roger Weissberg.

9 In January 2019, the Aspen Institute’s National Commission on Social, Emotional, and Academic Development issued its final report that provided recommendations for implementing SEL in schools and communities. The report was entitledFrom a Nation at Risk to a Nation at Hope.From Schools at Risk to Schools of Hope.From a Nation Broken to a Nation Repaired.

10 According to the World Economic Forum, there are 16 critical skills that young people will need for the future workforce, and these skills extend well beyond the literacy skills that are the primary focus of most schools today. Of these skills, how many are related to character qualities and competencies needed for dealing with complex challenges?61016

Answers: 1, b; 2, a; 3, b; 4, a; 5, b; 6, c; 7, a; 8, c; 9, a; 10, b.

1 Abbott, G. (2018). School and firearm safety action plan. State of Texas, Office of the Governor. https://gov.texas.gov/news/post/governor‐abbott‐unveils‐plan‐​to‐address‐school‐safety‐in‐texas

2 American Civil Liberties Union. (2019). School‐to‐prison pipeline [Infographic]. https://www.aclu.org/issues/juvenile‐justice/school‐prison‐pipeline/school‐prison‐pipeline‐infographic

3 Black, D. (2020, May 7). Social and emotional learning: Why we must act now. Western Psychological Services. https://www.wpspublish.com/social‐and‐emotional‐learning‐why‐we‐must‐act‐now

4 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2020). Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance—United States, 2019. MMWR: Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Reports. https://www.cdc.gov/healthyyouth/data/yrbs/pdf/2017/ss6708.pdf

5 Civil Rights Project at UCLA. (2018). Race, discipline, and safety at U.S. public schools: Part 1: A joint report by the Center for Civil Rights Remedies of UCLA’s Civil rights Project and the American Civil Liberties Union of Southern California. https://www.aclu.org/sites/default/files/field_document/final_11‐million‐days_ucla_aclu.pdf

6 Curtin, S., & Heron, M. (2019). i StartDeath rates due to suicide and homicide among persons age 10–24: United States, 2000–2017i End (NCHS Data Brief, No. 352). National Center for Health Statistics. https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/databriefs/db352‐h.pdf.

7 Durlak, J. A., Weissberg, R. P., Dymnicki, A., Taylor, R. D., & Schellinger, K. B. (2011). The impact of enhancing students’ social and emotional learning: A meta‐analysis of school‐based universal interventions. Child Development, 82, 405–432.

8 Elias, M. J., Zins, J. E., Weissberg, R. P., Frey, K. S., Greenberg, M. T., Haynes, N. M., Kessler, R., Schwab‐Stone, M. E., & Shriver, T. P. (1997). Promoting social and emotional learning: Guidelines for educators. ASCD.

9 Finkelhor, D., Turner H. A., Shattuck A., & Hamby, S. L. (2015). Prevalence of childhood exposure to violence, crime, and abuse: Results from the National Survey of Children’s Exposure to Violence. JAMA Pediatrics, 169(8), 746–754. doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2015.0676

10 Florida Department of Education. (2020). Guardian program. Office of Safe Schools. http://www.fldoe.org/safe‐schools/guardian‐program.stml

11 Florida Senate. (2020). CS/HB 7065: School safety. https://www.flsenate.gov/Session/Bill/2020/7065/ByVersion

12 Fothergill, A. (2011). Children, youth, and disaster. In Oxford research encyclopedia of natural hazard science. Advanced online publication. doi:10.1093/acrefore/9780199389407.013.23

13 Goleman, D. (1995). Emotional intelligence: Why it can matter more than IQ. Bantam.

14 Goleman, D. (2006). The educator’s guide to emotional intelligence and academic achievement: Social‐emotional learning in the classroom. Corwin Press.

15 Ivey‐Stephenson, A., Demissie, Z., Crosby, A., Stone, D.,Gaylor, E., Wilkins, N., Lowry, R., & Brown, M. (2020). Suicidal ideation and behaviors among high school students: Youth Risk Behavior Survey, United States 2019. [MMWR, 69(1)]. Division of Injury Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/healthyyouth/data/yrbs/reports_factsheet_publications.htm#anchor_1596725930

16 Lee, M. (1994). Plato's philosophy of education: Its implication for current education. Dissertations (1962–2010) Access via Proquest Digital Dissertations (No. AAI9517932). https://epublications.marquette.edu/dissertations/AAI9517932

17 Lunenburg, F. (2011). The Comer School Development Program: Improving education for low‐income students. National Forum of Multicultural Issues Journal, 8(1), 1–14.

18 Macmillan, C. (2020, May 15). PMIS: Rare inflammatory syndrome affecting kids may be related to COVID‐19. Yale Medicine. https://www.yalemedicine.org/stories/pmis‐covid‐kids/

19 Mahoney, J. L., Durlak, J. A., & Weissberg, R. P. (2018). An update on social and emotional learning outcome research. Phi Delta Kappan, 100(4), 18–23.

20 Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School Public Safety Act, Fla. Chapter 2018‐3. (2018). https://www.flsenate.gov/Session/Bill/2018/7026/BillText/er/PDF

21 Melillo, G. (2020, May 13). Study details severity of rare inflammatory disease afflicting children in COVID‐19 pandemic. American Journal of Managed Care. https://www.ajmc.com/focus‐of‐the‐week/study‐details‐severity‐of‐rare‐inflammatory‐disease‐afflicting‐children‐in‐covid19‐pandemic

22 National Commission on Social, Emotional, and Academic Development. (2019). From a nation at risk to a nation at hope. Aspen Institute. http://nationathope.org/wp‐content/uploads/2018_aspen_final‐report_full_webversion.pdf