A Practical Approach to Special Care in Dentistry

Library of Congress Cataloging‐in‐Publication Data Applied for

[Hardback ISBN 9781119600046]

Cover Design: Wiley

Cover Image: © Pedro Diz Dios

Dr Pedro Diz Dios MD, DDS, PhD, EDiOM, FDSRCS (Edin)Professor, Consultant and Head of the Special Needs Unit at the School of Medicine and Dentistry, Santiago de Compostela University (Spain). He is a member of the International Association of Disability & Oral Health (IADH) Curriculum Working Group and IADH Scientific Committee, and Honorary Visiting Professor at the UCL‐Eastman Dental Institute (UK). He has written and edited 10 books, over 40 book chapters and over 220 papers cited on MEDLINE. He is the Editor in Chief of Special Care Dentistry Journal , an Associate Editor of Oral Diseases Journal and of Medicina Oral Cirugía Oral Patología Bucal , and an Editorial Board Member of the Journal of Disability and Oral Health .

Dr Navdeep Kumar BDS, FDSRCS (Eng), PhD, Cert RDP, Cert Surg & Pros ImplantologyConsultant in Special Care Dentistry, Honorary Senior Lecturer and Divisional Clinical Director RNENT & EDH, at the University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust. Over the last 20 years Dr Navdeep Kumar has been committed to special care dentistry (SCD) and has acquired an extensive range of clinical, teaching and research experience in the area to ensure the delivery of high‐quality oral care for people with an impairment or disability. She has considerable expertise in the clinical management of the medically compromised patient and the management of oral complications of systemic diseases. She has an integral role in training others with an interest in SCD, examining in this field, and is actively involved in the promotion of oral care for this vulnerable cohort, contributing to the development of national and international guidelines and numerous publications in this area.

Fatima Al Sarraf BDS (Hons)‐NUI, MFDS (RCSI), KBAGD, MGDS (RCSI), MSC (SCD), FGDS (RCSI)Advanced General and Special Care Dentistry, Ministry Of Health Kuwait, Kuwait City, Kuwait

Sofia Bonvallet Commentz BSD, PgDip, MScUniversity of Valparaiso & Valparaiso San Antonio Health Service, Valparaiso, Chile

Lim Guang Xu David BDS, MSc, PGDip, ACLP, MFDS (RCS Ed)Tzu Chi Free Clinic, Buddhist Compassion Relief Tzu Chi Foundation, Geriatric and Special Needs Dentistry Clinic, National Dental Centre Singapore, Oral Health Therapy, Nanyang Polytechnic, Singapore

Javier Fernández Feijoo MD, DDS, MSc, PhD, PCDSpecial Care Dentistry Unit, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Santiago de Compostela, EOXI Santiago de Compostela, Galician Health Service (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain

Márcio Diniz Freitas DDS, MSc, FDS, PhD

Special Care Dentistry Unit. School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain

Emma Vázquez García DDS, MSc, PhD, PCDEOXI Pontevedra‐Salnés, Galician Health Service (SERGAS), Pontevedra, Spain

María Consuelo Cousido González MD, PhD, BDS, BDM, PCDEOXI Coruña‐Cee, Galician Health Service (SERGAS), La Coruña, Spain

Jee‐Yun Leung BDSc (Hons), MSc (SCD), DSCD (RCS Eng)Adelaide Dental School, The University of Adelaide, Special Needs Unit, Adelaide Dental Hospital, SA Dental, Adelaide, Australia

Lucía Lago Méndez DDS, MSc, FDS, PhD, PCDEOXI Santiago de Compostela, Galician Health Service (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain

Ricca Mae Roco‐Bernardino DMD, MSc (SCD)

The Medical City and Philippine Children's Medical Center, Metro Manila, Philippines

Special Care Dentistry (SCD) was previously defined by patient characteristics, such as their medical condition or behavioural issues. However, it has changed in recent decades to reflect the complexity of providing holistic oral care for patients with multiple comorbidities which may lead to physical and/or intellectual, sensory, mental or social impairment. Although it commonly relates to adults, in some countries it also includes the oral care of children with disabilities.

There is a significant geographical variation in access to SCD related to lack of training, appropriate infrastructure and financial factors. Nevertheless, it is rapidly growing due to increased demand and is now acknowledged as an essential field of dentistry across the world. Dramatic improvements in medicine, mainly in areas related to early diagnosis and new therapeutic approaches, have resulted in increased life expectancy and the quality of life of chronically ill patients and individuals with severe disability. Hence, individuals requiring care are not limited to hospitalised patients and more commonly include those living in the community, either independently or with support.

As a consequence, it is essential that undergraduates, postgraduates and general dental practitioners acquire specific knowledge in the field of SCD, so that they can integrate this discipline into their daily practice. To enable this, we have created this book, which contains 61 topics based on clinical cases from across the world, reflecting the most common clinical conditions which may present in general dental practice. This scenario‐based approach enables the application of elements of problem‐based learning and structured clinical reasoning, allowing the reader to appreciate that patients rarely present with a single medical condition or risk factor, and that multiple factors must be taken into consideration when providing care.