Deterministic Numerical Modeling of Soil Structure Interaction

1 Cover

2 Title Page Series Editor Marc Boulon

3 Copyright First published 2021 in Great Britain and the United States by ISTE Ltd and John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of research or private study, or criticism or review, as permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, this publication may only be reproduced, stored or transmitted, in any form or by any means, with the prior permission in writing of the publishers, or in the case of reprographic reproduction in accordance with the terms and licenses issued by the CLA. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside these terms should be sent to the publishers at the undermentioned address: ISTE Ltd 27-37 St George’s Road London SW19 4EU UK www.iste.co.uk John Wiley Sons, Inc 111 River Street Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA www.wiley.com © ISTE Ltd 2021 The rights of Stéphane Grange and Diana Salciarini to be identified as the authors of this work have been asserted by them in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. Library of Congress Control Number: 2021947467 British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A CIP record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN 978-1-78630-798-9

4 Introduction

5 1 Hydro-mechanically Coupled Interface Finite Element for the Modeling of Soil–Structure Interactions: Application to Offshore Constructions 1.1. Introduction 1.2. Governing equations of the interface problem 1.3. Numerical formulation of the element 1.4. Application 1.5. Conclusion and perspectives 1.6. References

6 2 DEM Approach of the Modeling for Geotechnical Structures in Interaction with Reinforcements 2.1. Introduction 2.2. Discrete modeling 2.3. Application of the DEM to geotechnical structures in interaction with rigid piles 2.4. Application of the DEM to geotechnical structures in interaction with flexible and deformable reinforcement – comparison with experiment results 2.5. Conclusion 2.6. References

7 3 SSI Analysis in Geotechnical Engineering Problems Using a Finite Difference Method 3.1. Introduction 3.2. The finite difference method using an explicit scheme 3.3. Application of the finite difference method to soil–structure interaction problems 3.4. Some application examples in the geotechnical engineering field 3.5. Conclusion 3.6. References

8 4 Macroelements for Soil–Structure Interaction 4.1. Introduction 4.2. The concept of generalized forces: Eurocode 8 recommendations 4.3. Macroelements for shallow foundations 4.4. The considered macroelements 4.5. Case study: seismic response of a reinforced concrete viaduct 4.6. Calibration of the macroelements 4.7. Results of the numerical simulations 4.8. Concluding remarks 4.9. References

9 5 Urban Seismology: Experimental Approach to Soil–Structure Interaction Towards the Concept of Meta-city 5.1. Introduction 5.2. References

10 List of Authors

11 Index

12 End User License Agreement

1 Chapter 1Figure 1.1. Comparison between the thin layer and zero-thickness approaches in t...Figure 1.2. Comparison between Lagrange multiplier and penalty methods on deform...Figure 1.3. Comparison between the discretization methods of the contact area (s...Figure 1.4. Comparison between the discretization methods of the flow within and...Figure 1.5. Statement of the mechanical problem and cross-section of the 3D prob...Figure 1.6. Mohr–Coulomb criterion (source: [CER 15]) Figure 1.7. Definition of the flow problem (cross-section of the 3D case in the ...Figure 1.8. Definition of the equivalent interior porous medium Ω 3 bounded by ...Figure 1.9. Definition of longitudinal and transversal flows (source: [CER 15]) Figure 1.10. Discretization of the interface into isoparametric elements from co...Figure 1.11. Sketch of the installation process Figure 1.12. Statement of the problem Figure 1.13. Components of reaction balancing a tension load: shearing inside an...Figure 1.14. Components of reaction balancing a lateral load: shearing inside an...Figure 1.15. Drained uplift simulation of the caisson: components of reaction fo...Figure 1.16. Drained uplift simulation of the caisson: cross-section of the vert...Figure 1.17. Drained uplift simulation of the caisson: cross-section along the s...Figure 1.18. Drained uplift simulation of the caisson Figure 1.19. Partially drained uplift simulation of the caisson: components of r...Figure 1.20. Partially drained uplift (loading rate 0.05 mm/s) simulation of the...Figure 1.21. Partially drained uplift simulation (0.05 mm/s) of the caisson: tot...Figure 1.22. Partially drained uplift simulation of the caisson: comparison of e...Figure 1.23. Partially drained simulations for different permeabilities: compari...Figure 1.24. Simulation of a single compression/tension cycle (k = 1.E-4 m/s) Figure 1.25. Simulation of a single compression/tension cycle (k = 1.E-3 m/s) Figure 1.26. Drained lateral displacement of the caisson after an imposed latera...Figure 1.27. Drained lateral displacement of the caisson after an imposed latera...Figure 1.28. Drained lateral simulation of the caisson: components of reaction f...Figure 1.29. Normalized radial distribution of the results Figure 1.30. Distribution of normal effective pressure along the outer shaft: la...Figure 1.31. Distribution of horizontal shear stress along the outer shaft (proj...Figure 1.32. Distribution of vertical shear stress along the outer shaft: latera...Figure 1.33. P-y curves along the shaft of the caisson: drained simulation Figure 1.34. Partially drained lateral simulation of the caisson (v = 0.05 mm/s)...Figure 1.35. Partially drained lateral displacement of the caisson after an impo...Figure 1.36. P-y curves along the shaft of the caisson: partially drained simula...Figure 1.37. Lateral partially drained simulation, with an imposed lateral displ...Figure 1.38. Partially drained lateral simulation of the caisson: influence of t...

2 Chapter 2Figure 2.1. Friction interface criterion Figure 2.2. Intensity and orientation of the tangential friction force for diffe...Figure 2.3. Geometry of the network of piles [CHE 11]. For a color version of th...Figure 2.4. Typical geometry of the numerical samples [CHE 11] Figure 2.5. Load transfer efficiencies expressed as the SRR and G ratios for K c ...Figure 2.6. Displacements of the granular particles in a cross-section sited bet...Figure 2.7. Load transfer efficiencies when using a rigid slab expressed as the ...Figure 2.8. Displacements of the granular particles in a cross-section sited bet...Figure 2.9. Comparison of the values of SRR versus the total load applied q t for...Figure 2.10. Numerical samples used: (a) DEM and (b) FDM [TRA 19]. For a color v...Figure 2.11. Efficacy versus subsoil stiffness for the material density M and ma...Figure 2.12. Efficacy versus shear rate obtained for all the numerical simulatio...Figure 2.13. Evolution of the vertical displacements of the slab (d s ) as a funct...Figure 2.14. Evolution of the efficiency of the load transfer system SRR as a fu...Figure 2.15. Evolution of the efficiency of the load transfer system SRR as a fu...Figure 2.16. Efficiency of the load transfer system G to redirect overloads to t...Figure 2.17. Finite elements used to ensure the geometric continuity of the geos...Figure 2.18. Construction phase of a retaining wall with a facing made of geosyn...Figure 2.19. Loading test performed on a geosynthetic tube filled with granular ...Figure 2.20. Geometry of the numerical DEM sample [GOR 13a]. For a color version...Figure 2.21.