David H. Lloyd - Practical Equine Dermatology

1 Cover

2 Title Page

3 Copyright Page

4 Preface to the second edition

5 Acknowledgements

6 Disclaimer

7 1 The diagnostic approach TAKING THE HISTORY CLINICAL EXAMINATION DIAGNOSTIC TESTS REFERENCES AND FURTHER READING

8 2 Pruritus CONTAGIOUS CONDITIONS ECTOPARASITIC INFESTATIONS Free‐living mite infestations HELMINTH INFESTATIONS MICROBIAL INFECTIONS NON‐CONTAGIOUS CONDITIONS Hypersensitivity disorders Immune‐mediated disease Neoplasia Neurogenic pruritus REFERENCES AND FURTHER READING

9 3 Crusting and Scaling IDIOPATHIC SEBORRHOEIC CONDITIONS SECONDARY, ACQUIRED KERATINISATION AND CRUSTING DISORDERS INFECTIOUS CAUSES IMMUNE‐MEDIATED CAUSES ENVIRONMENTAL CAUSES UNCERTAIN AETIOLOGY REFERENCES AND FURTHER READING

10 4 Ulcers and ErosionsCONTAGIOUS CAUSES IMMUNE‐MEDIATED CAUSES CONGENITAL AND HEREDITARY CAUSES ENVIRONMENTAL CAUSES NEOPLASTIC CAUSES MISCELLANEOUS DERMATOSES REFERENCES AND FURTHER READING

11 5 Papules, Nodules, and Masses PHYSICAL CONDITIONS CYSTS VIRAL CONDITIONS BACTERIAL INFECTIONS FUNGAL INFECTIONS PARASITIC CONDITIONS IMMUNE‐MEDIATED CONDITIONS NEOPLASIA MISCELLANEOUS CAUSES REFERENCES AND FURTHER READING

12 6 Coat Problems ALOPECIA OTHER ABNORMALITIES REFERENCES AND FURTHER READING

13 7 Pigmentary DisordersGENETICS OF SKIN AND COAT COLOUR HYPOPIGMENTATION DISORDERS HYPERPIGMENTATION REFERENCES AND FURTHER READING

14 8 Therapy in Equine DermatologyAVAILABILITY OF VETERINARY MEDICINES FOR EQUINE PATIENTS REFERENCES AND FURTHER READING

15 Index

16 End User License Agreement

1 Chapter 2 Table 2.1 Microbial infections that may feature pruritus

2 Chapter 3Table 3.1 Diseases to be considered as underlying causes of greasy heel syn...

3 Chapter 4Table 4.1 Cutaneous manifestations of adverse drug reactions

4 Chapter 6Table 6.1 Interpretation of plasma ACTH concentrations (Equine Endocrinology...

1 Chapter 1 Figure 1.1 Taking the history. Components and the sequence of the history ta... Figure 1.2 Clinical examination and diagnostic procedures. A thorough genera... Figure 1.3 Example of an examination form for recording distribution and nat... Figure 1.4 (a) A coarse‐toothed brush (e.g. 90 mm Denman scalp brush) facili... Figure 1.5 Surface adhesive tape sampling. Figure 1.6 Fine needle aspiration of a nodular lesion. Figure 1.7 The punch biopsy procedure enables rapid sampling and is suitable...

2 Chapter 2 Figure 2.1 Visual analogue scale for owner assessment of pruritus in their h... Figure 2.2 (a) Alopecia of ventral neck and poor hair coat in a pony with pe... Figure 2.3 Alopecia and excoriation of tail base due to infestation with suc... Figure 2.4 Haemorrhagic crusts and exudation affecting the pastern region of... Figure 2.5 Adult female Chorioptes bovis in liquid paraffin (x125). Figure 2.6 Pony showing extensive alopecia affecting head, neck, trunk, and ... Figure 2.7 Patchy alopecia of face due to trombiculidiasis. Figure 2.8 Larva of Neotrombicula autumnalis from a skin scraping. Figure 2.9 Patchy alopecia affecting ventral neck and trunk in a horse house... Figure 2.10 Multiple wheals and swellings on the lateral neck and trunk of a... Figure 2.11 Hair loss, crusting, and excoriation affecting the tail and rump... Figure 2.12 Culicoides hypersensitivity: alopecia of the mane and crest regi... Figure 2.13 Ventral midline alopecia with excoriations, crusted papules, and... Figure 2.14 Intense pruritus in a horse with atopic dermatitis, intradermal ... Figure 2.15 Urticaria in an atopic horse: multiple raised papules, plaques, ... Figure 2.16 Intradermal tests in an atopic horse.Figure 2.17 Alopecia, erythema, scaling, and hyperpigmentation on the lumbar...

3 Chapter 3Figure 3.1 Tail seborrhoea in a young thoroughbred colt. Large flakes of des...Figure 3.2 Mallenders. Horizontal linear crusting and scaling on palmar aspe...Figure 3.3 Trichophyton infection. Multiple annular lesions of scaling, crus...Figure 3.4 Crusted lesions with hair tufts in a case of Trichophyton equinum Figure 3.5 Dermatophilosis. Erythema, crusting, and alopecia in the white‐ha...Figure 3.6 Thick scab with attached hair from a lesion of dermatophilosis. N...Figure 3.7 Dermatophilosis. Raised crusts and matting of hair, patchy alopec...Figure 3.8 Dermatophilosis. Giemsa‐stained smear from an emulsified scab. No...Figure 3.9 Staphylococcal folliculitis and furunculosis.Figure 3.10 Bacterial folliculitis of pastern and metatarsal regions. Staphy...Figure 3.11 Mucocutaneous pyoderma affecting the lips and perioral area. Sou...Figure 3.12 Generalised crusting and coalescing annular alopecia in a stalli...Figure 3.13 Crusting and matted tufts of hair in a young pony with widesprea...Figure 3.14 Crusting and haemorrhagic erosion and ulceration affecting the c...Figure 3.15 Cutaneous lupus erythematosus. Asymmetric patchy depigmentation ...Figure 3.16 Leucocytoclastic vasculitis. Tightly adherent crusts overlying h...Figure 3.17 Irritant contact dermatitis caused by leaning against a fence co...Figure 3.18 Contact dermatitis. Circumscribed patch of scaling, alopecia, an...Figure 3.19 Generalised patchy alopecia and scaling in a 9‐year‐old hunter w...Figure 3.20 Cutaneous lesions of scaling and alopecia in generalised granulo...Figure 3.21 Localised sarcoidosis. Alopecia, scaling, lichenification, and t...Figure 3.22 Multisystemic eosinophilic epitheliotropic disease (MEED): exfol...Figure 3.23 Alopecia, scaling, and areas of ulceration affecting the forelim...Figure 3.24 Linear keratosis. Line of crusted papules affecting medial aspec...Figure 3.25 Coronary band dystrophy in a Belgian warmblood.Figure 3.26 Exudative pastern dermatitis – ‘greasy heels’.Figure 3.27 Focal crusting regions in a case of chronic pastern dermatitis –...

4 Chapter 4Figure 4.1 Cutaneous habronemiasis (summer sores): ulcerated nodular lesions...Figure 4.2 Coital exanthema showing epidermal vesicles and ulcers with marke...Figure 4.3 Vulval lesions of EHV‐3 infection.Figure 4.4 Urticarial wheals and plaques after application of car shampoo....Figure 4.5 Maculopapular and urticarial eruptions after administration of tr...Figure 4.6 Papulocrustous rash with focal hair loss, which appeared within 4...Figure 4.7 Warmblood fragile foal syndrome: extensive ulceration on the fore...Figures 4.8 Girth gall: erythema, alopecia, and skin thickening associated w...Figure 4.9 Area of alopecic scarring surrounded by non‐pigmented hair (leuco...Figure 4.10 Thrush: loss of frog horn, ulceration, and fissuring with black ...Figure 4.11 Acute sunburn: erythema, ulceration, and crusting on the muzzle ...Figure 4.12 Sunburnt external naris showing erythema, scaling, and alopecia....Figure 4.13 Erosion, crusting, and fissuring of the muzzle caused by sunburn...Figure 4.14 Photosensitisation: alopecia, ulceration, haemorrhagic exudation...

5 Chapter 5Figure 5.1 Injection abscess.Figure 5.2 Haematoma.Figure 5.3 Capped hock.Figure 5.4 Umbilical hernia.Figure 5.5 Heterotopic polyodontia (periauricular cyst) with seepage of muco...Figure 5.6 Viral papillomata affecting the periocular region of a Thoroughbr...Figure 5.7 Papillomata affecting the muzzle in a 2‐year‐old.Figure 5.8 Aural plaques. Depigmented hyperkeratotic plaques on the concave ...Figure 5.9 Genital papillomata. Hyperkeratotic proliferative papules diffuse...Figure 5.10 Molluscum contagiosum. Multiple small papules with central white...Figure 5.11 Strangles. Enlarged retropharyngeal lymph node on the point of r...Figure 5.12 Nodular lesions of botryomycosis ( Staphylococcus aureus