J. H. Merle D'Aubigné - History of the Reformation in Europe in the Time of Calvin (Vol. 1-8)

649‘Usu herbarum et sacrilego ritu characterum.’—Labbæi Concilia , xiv. p. 426.

650 Journal d’un Bourgeois , p. 229.

651Brantôme, Mémoires , i. p. 277.

652Letter of Pierre-Paul Vergerio, Bishop of Capo d’Istria, to Victoria Colonna, Marchioness of Pescara. Life and Times of Paleario , by M. Young, ii. p. 356.

653The tree is the cross. Les Marguerites de la Marguerite , i. p. 479.

654 Les Marguerites de la Marguerite , i. p. 483.

655Nuptial song of Madame Renée. Chronique de François I. p. 72.

656 Journal d’un Bourgeois , p. 347.

657‘Mediatrix hominum, ablatrix criminum, peccatorum venia.’

658 Chronique du Roi François I. p. 67: for the ‘complaintes,’ see pp. 446-464. Journal d’un Bourgeois de Paris , p. 347.

659The Bishop of Lisieux.

660 Journal d’un Bourgeois de Paris , pp. 321, 375.

661‘Histrionica representatio.’

662Crespin, Martyrologue , p. 102.

663Crespin, Martyrologue , p. 102.

664Crespin, Martyrologue , p. 102.

665Lutherus ad Agricolam, May 1527. Lutheri Epp. iii. p. 173.

666Crespin, Actes des Martyrs , p. 102, verso.

667Complaintes et poésies diverses du temps. Appendice de la Chronique de François I. pp. 446-464.

668‘Semper illi canebant eandem cantionem.’—Erasmi Epp. p. 1522.

669‘Ille sibi promittebat certam et speciosam victoriam.’—Ibid.

670‘The blood of christians is the seed of the Church.’—Tertullian.

Table of Contents

BOOK II. FRANCE. FAVOURABLE TIMES.

CHAPTER XIII. JOHN CALVIN A STUDENT AT THE UNIVERSITY OF ORLEANS. (1527-1528.)

CHAPTER XIV. CALVIN TAUGHT AT ORLEANS OF GOD AND MAN; BEGINS TO DEFEND AND PROPAGATE THE FAITH. (1528.)

CHAPTER XV. CALVIN CALLED AT BOURGES TO THE EVANGELICAL WORK. (1528-1529.)

CHAPTER XVI. BERQUIN, THE MOST LEARNED OF THE NOBILITY, A MARTYR FOR THE GOSPEL. (1529.)

CHAPTER XVII. FIRST LABOURS OF CALVIN AT PARIS. (1529.)

CHAPTER XVIII. MARGARET'S SORROWS AND THE FESTIVITIES OF THE COURT (1530-1531.)

CHAPTER XIX. DIPLOMATISTS, BACKSLIDERS, MARTYRS. (1531.)

CHAPTER XX. CALVIN'S SEPARATION FROM THE HIERARCHY: HIS FIRST WORK, HIS FRIENDS. (1532.)

CHAPTER XXI. CONFERENCES AT SMALCALD AND CALAIS. (March to October 1532.)

CHAPTER XXII. A CAPTIVE PRINCE ESCAPES FROM THE HANDS OF THE EMPEROR. (Autumn 1532.)

CHAPTER XXIII. THE GOSPEL PREACHED AT THE LOUVRE AND IN THE METROPOLITAN CHURCHES. (Lent 1533.)

CHAPTER XXIV. DEFEAT OF THE ROMISH PARTY IN PARIS AND MOMENTARY TRIUMPH OF THE GOSPEL. (1533.)

CHAPTER XXV. CONFERENCE OF BOLOGNA. THE COUNCIL AND CATHERINE DE MEDICI. (Winter 1532-1533.)

CHAPTER XXVI. INTRIGUES OF CHARLES V., FRANCIS I., AND CLEMENT VII., AROUND CATHERINE. (Winter 1532-1533.)

CHAPTER XXVII. STORM AGAINST THE QUEEN OF NAVARRE AND HER 'MIRROR OF THE SINFUL SOUL.' (Summer 1533.)

CHAPTER XXVIII. TRIUMPH OF THE QUEEN OF NAVARRE. (Autumn 1533.)

CHAPTER XXIX. CATHERINE DE MEDICI GIVEN TO FRANCE. (October 1533.)

CHAPTER XXX. ADDRESS OF THE RECTOR TO THE UNIVERSITY OF PARIS. (November 1533.)

CHAPTER XXXI. CONFERENCE AND ALLIANCE BETWEEN FRANCIS I. AND PHILIP OF HESSE AT BAR-LE-DUC. (Winter 1533-34.)

CHAPTER XXXII. TRIUMPH AND MARTYRDOM. (Winter 1533-34.)

CHAPTER XXXIII. WURTEMBERG GIVEN TO PROTESTANTISM BY THE KING OF FRANCE. (Spring 1534.)

CHAPTER XXXIV. CONFERENCE AT THE LOUVRE FOR THE UNION OF TRUTH AND CATHOLICITY IN THE CHURCH. (1534.)

CHAPTER XXXV. THE APPARITION AT ORLEANS. (Summer 1534.)

CHAPTER XXXVI. FRANCIS PROPOSES A REFORMATION TO THE SORBONNE. (Autumn 1534.)

BOOK III. FALL OF A BISHOP-PRINCE, AND FIRST EVANGELICAL BEGINNINGS IN GENEVA.

CHAPTER I. THE RENAISSANCE, THE REFORMATION, THE MIDDLE AGES. (1526.)

CHAPTER II. THE GOSPEL AT GENEVA, AND THE SACK OF ROME. (January to June 1527.)

CHAPTER III. THE BISHOP CLINGS TO GENEVA, BUT THE CANONS DEPART. (Summer 1527.)

CHAPTER IV. THE BISHOP-PRINCE FLEES FROM GENEVA. (July and August 1527.)

CHAPTER V. EXCOMMUNICATION OF GENEVA AND FUNERAL PROCESSION OF POPERY. (August 1527 to February 1528.)

CHAPTER VI. THE KNIGHTS OF THE SPOON LEAGUE AGAINST GENEVA AT THE CASTLE OF BURSINEL. (March 1528.)

CHAPTER VII. INTRIGUES OF THE DUKE AND THE BISHOP. (Spring and Summer 1528.)

CHAPTER VIII. DEATH OF PONTVERRE. (October 1528 to January 1529.)

CHAPTER IX. THE REFORMATION BEGINS TO FERMENT IN GENEVA, AND THE OPPOSITION WITHOUT. (April 1529 to January 1530.)

CHAPTER X. VARIOUS MOVEMENTS IN GENEVA, AND BONIVARD CARRIED PRISONER TO CHILLON. (March to May 1530.)

CHAPTER XI. THE ATTACK OF 1530. (August, September, and October.)

CHAPTER XII. GENEVA RECLAIMED BY THE BISHOP AND AWAKENED BY THE GOSPEL. (November 1530 to October 1531.)

CHAPTER XIII. DANGER TO WHICH GENEVA IS EXPOSED BY THE DEFEAT OF CAPPEL. (October 1531 to January 1532.)

CHAPTER XIV. AN EMPEROR AND A SCHOOLMASTER. (Spring 1532.)

CHAPTER XV. THE PARDON OF ROME AND THE PARDON OF HEAVEN. (June and July 1532.)

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

CALVIN, whom his father's wishes and his own convictions urged to abandon the priestly career, for which he was preparing, had left Paris in the autumn of 1527, in order to go to Orleans and study jurisprudence under Pierre de l'Etoile, who was teaching there with great credit. 'Reuchlin, Aleander, and even Erasmus, have professed in this city,' said his pupils; 'but the Star (Etoile) eclipses all these suns.' He was regarded as the prince of French jurists. 1

When Calvin arrived in that ancient city to which the Emperor Aurelian had given his name, he kept himself apart, being naturally timid, and repelled by the noisy vivacity of the students. Yet his loving disposition sighed after a friend; and such he found in a young scholar, Nicholas Duchemin, who was preparing himself for a professorship in the faculty of letters. 2Calvin fixed on him an observing eye, and found him modest, temperate, not at all susceptible, adopting no opinion without examination, 3of equitable judgment, extreme prudence, and great mildness, but also a little slow in his movements. Duchemin's character formed a striking contrast with the vivacity, ardour, severity, activity, and, we will add, the susceptibility of Calvin. Yet he felt himself attracted towards the gentle nature of the young professor, and the very difference of their temperaments shed an inexpressible charm over all their intercourse. As Duchemin had but moderate means, he received students in his house, as many of the citizens did. Calvin begged to be admitted also, and thus became one of the members of his household. He soon loved Duchemin with all the energy of a heart of twenty, and rejoiced at finding in him a Mommor, an Olivétan, and even more. He wanted to share everything with Nicholas, to converse with him perpetually; and they had hardly parted, when he began to long to be with him again. 'Dear Duchemin!' he said to him, 'my friend, you are dearer to me than life.' 4Ardent as was this friendship, it was not blind. Calvin, true to his character, discovered the weak point of his friend, who was deficient, he thought, in energy; and he reproved him for it. 'Take care,' he said, 'lest your great modesty should degenerate into indolence.' 5

=THE STUDENTS AT ORLEANS.=

The scholar of Noyon, consoled by this noble friendship, began to examine more closely the university population around him. He was surprised to see crowds of students filling the streets, caring nothing for learning, so far as he could tell. At one time he would meet a young lord, in tight hose, with a richly embroidered doublet, small Spanish cloak, velvet cap, and showy dagger. This young gentleman, followed by his servant, would take the wall, toss his head haughtily, cast impertinent looks on each side of him, and want every one to give way to him. Farther on came a noisy band composed of the sons of wealthy tradesmen, who appeared to have no more taste for study than the sons of the nobility, and who went singing and 'larking' to one of the numerous tennis-courts, of which there were not less than forty in the city. Ten nations , afterwards reduced to four, composed the university. The German nation combined with 'the living and charming beauty of the body' that of a mind polished by continual study. Its library was called 'the abode of the Muses.' 6