Henrik Ibsen - Doll's House

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The play is significant for the way it deals with the fate of a married woman, who at the time in Norway lacked reasonable opportunities for self-fulfillment in a male dominated world. It aroused a great sensation at the time, and caused a “storm of outraged controversy” that went beyond the theatre to the world newspapers and society.
About the Author Born in 1828,
was a Norwegian playwright and poet, often associated with the early Modernist movement in theatre. Determined to become a playwright from a young age, Ibsen began writing while working as an apprentice pharmacist to help support his family. Though his early plays were largely unsuccessful, Ibsen was able to take employment at a theatre where he worked as a writer, director, and producer. Ibsen’s first success came with
and
, and with later plays like
and
he became one of the most performed playwrights in the world, second only to William Shakespeare. Ibsen died in his home in Norway in 1906 at the age of 78.

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HELMER

Nora!

NORA

Ah!—

HELMER

What is this? Do you know what is in this letter?

NORA

Yes, I know. Let me go! Let me get out!

HELMER

( Holding her back .) Where are you going?

NORA

( Trying to get free .) You shan’t save me, Torvald!

HELMER

( Reeling .) True? Is this true, that I read here? Horrible! No, no—it is impossible that it can be true.

NORA

It is true. I have loved you above everything else in the world.

HELMER

Oh, don’t let us have any silly excuses.

NORA

( Taking a step towards him .) Torvald—!

HELMER

Miserable creature—what have you done?

NORA

Let me go. You shall not suffer for my sake. You shall not take it upon yourself.

HELMER

No tragic airs, please. ( Locks the hall door .) Here you shall stay and give me an explanation. Do you understand what you have done? Answer me! Do you understand what you have done?

NORA

( Looks steadily at him and says with a growing look of coldness in her face. ) Yes, now I am beginning to understand thoroughly.

HELMER

( Walking about the room .) What a horrible awakening! All these eight years—she who was my joy and pride—a hypocrite, a liar—worse, worse—a criminal! The unutterable ugliness of it all!—For shame! For shame! (NORA is silent and looks steadily at him. He stops in front of her .) I ought to have suspected that something of the sort would happen. I ought to have foreseen it. All your father’s want of principle—be silent!—all your father’s want of principle has come out in you. No religion, no morality, no sense of duty. How I am punished for having winked at what he did! I did it for your sake, and this is how you repay me.

NORA

Yes, that’s just it.

HELMER

Now you have destroyed all my happiness. You have ruined all my future. It is horrible to think of! I am in the power of an unscrupulous man; he can do what he likes with me, ask anything he likes of me, give me any orders he pleases—I dare not refuse. And I must sink to such miserable depths because of a thoughtless woman!

NORA

When I am out of the way, you will be free.

HELMER

No fine speeches, please. Your father had always plenty of those ready, too. What good would it be to me if you were out of the way, as you say? Not the slightest. He can make the affair known everywhere; and if he does, I may be falsely suspected of having been a party to your criminal action. Very likely people will think I was behind it all—that it was I who prompted you! And I have to thank you for all this—you whom I have cherished during the whole of our married life. Do you understand now what it is you have done for me?

NORA

( Coldly and quietly .) Yes.

HELMER

It is so incredible that I can’t take it in. But we must come to some understanding. Take off that shawl. Take it off, I tell you. I must try and appease him some way or another. The matter must be hushed up at any cost. And as for you and me, it must appear as if everything between us were just as before—but naturally only in the eyes of the world. You will still remain in my house, that is a matter of course. But I shall not allow you to bring up the children; I dare not trust them to you. To think that I should be obliged to say so to one whom I have loved so dearly, and whom I still. . . . No, that is all over. From this moment happiness is not the question; all that concerns us is to save the remains, the fragments, the appearance—

( A ring is heard at the front-door bell .)

HELMER

( With a start .) What is that? So late! Can the worst—? Can he—? Hide yourself, Nora. Say you are ill.

(NORA stands motionless . HELMER goes and unlocks the hall door .)

MAID

( Half-dressed, comes to the door. ) A letter for the mistress.

HELMER

Give it to me. ( Takes the letter, and shuts the door .) Yes, it is from him. You shall not have it; I will read it myself.

NORA

Yes, read it.

HELMER

( Standing by the lamp .) I scarcely have the courage to do it. It may mean ruin for both of us. No, I must know. ( Tears open the letter, runs his eye over a few lines, looks at a paper enclosed, and gives a shout of joy .) Nora! ( She looks at him questioningly .) Nora!—No, I must read it once again. . . . Yes, it is true! I am saved! Nora, I am saved!

NORA

And I?

HELMER

You too, of course; we are both saved, both you and I. Look, he sends you your bond back. He says he regrets and repents—that a happy change in his life—never mind what he says! We are saved, Nora! No one can do anything to you. Oh, Nora, Nora!—no, first I must destroy these hateful things. Let me see. . . . ( Takes a look at the bond .) No, no, I won’t look at it. The whole thing shall be nothing but a bad dream to me. ( Tears up the bond and both letters, throws them all into the stove, and watches them burn .) There—now it doesn’t exist any longer. He says that since Christmas Eve you. . . . These must have been three dreadful days for you, Nora.

NORA

I have fought a hard fight these three days.

HELMER

And suffered agonies, and seen no way out but. . . . No, we won’t call any of the horrors to mind. We will only shout with joy, and keep saying, “It’s all over! It’s all over!” Listen to me, Nora. You don’t seem to realise that it is all over. What is this?—such a cold, set face! My poor little Nora, I quite understand; you don’t feel as if you could believe that I have forgiven you. But it is true, Nora, I swear it; I have forgiven you everything. I know that what you did, you did out of love for me.

NORA

That is true.

HELMER

You have loved me as a wife ought to love her husband. Only you had not sufficient knowledge to judge of the means you used. But do you suppose you are any the less dear to me, because you don’t understand how to act on your own responsibility? No, no; only lean on me; I will advise you and direct you. I should not be a man if this womanly helplessness did not just give you a double attractiveness in my eyes. You must not think any more about the hard things I said in my first moment of consternation, when I thought everything was going to overwhelm me. I have forgiven you, Nora; I swear to you I have forgiven you.

NORA

Thank you for your forgiveness. ( She goes out through the door to the right .)

HELMER

No, don’t go— ( Looks in .) What are you doing in there?

NORA

( From within .) Taking off my fancy dress.

HELMER

( Standing at the open door .) Yes, do. Try and calm yourself, and make your mind easy again, my frightened little singing-bird. Be at rest, and feel secure; I have broad wings to shelter you under. ( Walks up and down by the door .) How warm and cosy our home is, Nora. Here is shelter for you; here I will protect you like a hunted dove that I have saved from a hawk’s claws; I will bring peace to your poor beating heart. It will come, little by little, Nora, believe me. Tomorrow morning you will look upon it all quite differently; soon everything will be just as it was before. Very soon you won’t need me to assure you that I have forgiven you; you will yourself feel the certainty that I have done so. Can you suppose I should ever think of such a thing as repudiating you, or even reproaching you? You have no idea what a true man’s heart is like, Nora. There is something so indescribably sweet and satisfying, to a man, in the knowledge that he has forgiven his wife—forgiven her freely, and with all his heart. It seems as if that had made her, as it were, doubly his own; he has given her a new life, so to speak; and she has in a way become both wife and child to him. So you shall be for me after this, my little scared, helpless darling. Have no anxiety about anything, Nora; only be frank and open with me, and I will serve as will and conscience both to you. . . . What is this? Not gone to bed? Have you changed your things?

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