Svetlana Flemming - Colloquial Russian - The Next Step in Language Learning

´ di. 6 Esli gosudaŕstvo xo´het

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povyśit; uŕoven; obrazovańiq, onośoxrani´t haśtnye wkoĺy. 7 Esli 7

\´tot vuz bu´det presti´'nym, v ne¨m bu´det bol;wo´j końkurs. 8 Esli 8

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u studeńta est; stremleńie uhi´t;sq, on zakońhit universite´t s 20111

otli´hiem.

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Exercise 7

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Examine the survey, shown on page 208 conducted by Russia’s 6

Institute of Social and Economic Problems and answer the questions 7

in English.

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N.B. ota´plivat; – to heat; vyŕezka – fillet; nedoeda´t; – not to have enough 30

food; sla´dosti – sweet things; ne mo´'et pozvoĺit; – can’t afford; po´xorony 1

– funeral

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1 How do English and Russian concepts of poverty differ in 4

respect of food?

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2 Contrast English and Russian views on leisure and poverty.

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3 How do expectations in regard to purchase of clothing differ 7

between the Russian and the English?

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4 What household appliances do each consider necessary?

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5 Name two areas of life which Russians refer to but are not 40

mentioned in the English list at all.

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208

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Russian society

Anglijskaq sem;q shitaet

Rossijskaq sem;q shitaet

sebq bednoj, esli:

sebq bednoj, esli:

• Ne mo'et otaplivat;

• V sem;e nedoeda[t.

'il;e.

• Edqt mqso ili rybu re'e

• Net v dome tualeta, duwa.

dvux raz v nedel[.

• Net krovati dlq ka'dogo.

• Ne mo'et priobretat; v

neobxodimom kolihestve

• Net dvux par obuvi dlq

predmety gigieny.

ka'dogo sezona.

• Net deneg dlq obnovleniq

• Net otdel;noj spal;ni dlq

i remonta ode'dy, obuvi.

ka'dogo rebenka.

• Net i ne mo'et priobresti

• Net kovrov dlq pola.

xolodil;nik, samu[

• Net vozmo'nosti

prostu[ mebel;, da'e

prazdnihno organizovat;

herno-belyj televizor.

Ro'destvo.

• Net deneg na 'iznenno

• Net stiral;noj mawiny.

va'nye lekarstva i

medicinskie pribory.

• Ne mo'et pokupat; novu[

ode'du dlq vsex hlenov

• Ne mo'et obra]at;sq k

sem;i.

platnym vraham.

• Ne mo'et pokupat;

• Ne mo'et organizovat;

vyrezku, est mqso ili rybu

poxorony.

tol;ko herez den;.

• Ne mo'et pokupat;

• Ne mo'et pozvolit;

frukty, sladosti detqm

nedel;nyj otdyx vne doma

da'e izredka.

ka'dyj god.

• Ne mo'et davat; detqm

• Ne mo'et pozvolit;

den;gi na pitanie v wkole,

rasxody, svqzannye s

oplahivat; detsad i qsli.

otdyxom ili xobbi.

• Ne mo'et pokupat; detqm

• Ne mo'et kupit;

novu[ ode'du i obuv; po

neobxodimyj

mere ix rosta.

sportinventar; dlq detej.

• Net sada pered domom.

Gaze´ta , 2001

Rossijskoe obwestvo

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209

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Language points ♦

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Hto´by

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Hto´by is followed either by the infinitive or the past tense. Hto´by 5

may not be followed by any other tense.

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Hto´by + infinitive

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This construction is used to translate ‘in order to, so as to’: 10