Svetlana Flemming - Colloquial Russian - The Next Step in Language Learning

founder

ostava´t;sq

to remain

otnosi´t;sq k

to date from

perenesti´

to transfer

rasti´

to grow

stroi´tel;stvo

construction

Exercise 2

Answer the questions in Russian. One word answers will suffice.

1 Kako´j goŕod stolića Rossií?

2 Kto osnovaĺ Moskvu´?

3 Kako´j goŕod stal stolićej v 1713g?

4 Kto perene¨s stoliću tuda´?

5 Kako´j goŕod stal stolićej v 1918g?

Rossiq i Russkij Qzyk

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7

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2

3

4

5

6

7

8111

9

10

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

The Moscow Kremlin

8

9

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1

Exercise 3

2

3

Put these phrases in the plural.

4

5

intereśnyj mosko´vskij muze´j; dre´vnij ruśskij kreml;;

6

stra´wnoe istori´heskoe soby´tie; slo´'naq \konomi´heskaq 7

proble´ma; naw znameni´tyj istoŕik.

8

9

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The accusative case

1

2

Uses of the accusative case

3

4

1 The accusative is the case of the direct object of the verb: 5

{rij Dolgoru´kij osnovaĺ Moskvu´.

6

Yuriy Dolgorukiy founded Moscow.

7

8

2 It is also used after certain prepositions: v / vo ‘to, into’ (motion), 9

‘during’ (time); za ‘beyond, behind ‘(motion), for; na ‘to, on to’

40

(motion), ‘for’ (time); o / ob / obo ‘against’; po ‘up to, each’; pod 1

‘under’ (motion); pro ‘about’; spustq´ ‘after, later’; heŕez ‘across, 421111

through, in (after a period of time)’.

8

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Russia and the Russian language

More detailed information is given about most of these prepositions in later units: Unit 2 – na ; Units 4 and 6 – v ; Unit 8 – za ; Unit 6 –

o / ob / obo , pro ; Unit 10 – po .

Stoliću perenesli´ v Moskvu´.

They moved the capital to Moscow.

The accusative is also used without a preposition to denote duration in time or space:

My tam 'iĺi vs[ zi´mu.

We lived there all winter.

Vs[ doro´gu domo´j ona´ molhaĺa.

She was silent the whole way home.

Endings in the accusative case

Singular nouns

Masculine

Feminine

Neuter

Acc.

Nom.

Acc.

Acc.

inanimate

as nom.

gaze´ta

gaze´tu

all nouns

as nom.

animate

as gen.

revol[

ćiq

revol[

ći[

(see below)

vozmo´'nost;

vozmo´'nost;

Plural nouns

Masculine

Feminine

Neuter

Acc.

Acc.

Acc.

inanimate

as nom.

inanimate

as nom.

all nouns

as nom.

animate

as gen.

animate

as gen.

(see below)

Rossiq i Russkij Qzyk

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Adjectives and pronouns

2

3

Masculine

Feminine

Neuter

4

5

Singular

Plural

Singular

Plural

Singular

Plural

6

7

inanimate inanimate intereśnu[

inanimate

as nom.

as nom.

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as nom.

as nom.

as nom.

9

animate animate dre´vn[[

animate

10

as gen.

as gen.

as gen.

1

2

mo[

´ , tvo[´

3

na´wu, va´wu

4

vs[, h;[

5

\´tu, tu

6

7

8

9

Singular

Plural

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q

menq´

my

nas

1

2

ty

tebq´

vy

vas

3

on / onoégoóniíx

4

onaée¨

5

kto

kogo´

6

7

hto

hto

8

9

Note:

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1

Ego´, ee¨ and ix are preceded by n- after a preposition, as they are in 2

all cases other than the nominative: poxo´' na nego´ ‘like him’.

3

4

5

Exercise 4

6

7

Put the words in brackets into the accusative case.

8

1 Q zna´[ (\´ta moloda´q ruśskaq 'eń]ina). 2 My e´dem v (maĺen;kaq 9