Derek Offord - Using Russian - A Guide to Contemporary Usage

r In 1B verbs with consonant stems (9.6.4 and 9.6.6–7) some verbs (e.g.

рe´зaть, to cut ) have unstressed endings throughout the indicative, others 444

12.4

Stress in verbs

(e.g. жить, to live ) have stressed endings throughout the indicative, and others (e.g. писa´ть, to write ) have stress on the ending in the first person singular but on the stem in all the remaining persons, e.g.

1st pers sg

рe´жу

живу´

пишу´

2nd pers sg

рe´жeшь

живёшь

пи´шeшь

3rd pers sg

рe´жeт

живёт

пи´шeт

1st pers pl

рe´жeм

живём

пи´шeм

2nd pers pl

рe´жeтe

живётe

пи´шeтe

3rd pers pl

рe´жут

живу´т

пи´шут

In verbs of more than one syllable (not counting any prefix) that

conform to the first of these patterns (e.g. плa´кaть, to cry , гло´хнуть, to go deaf , e´хaть, to go (by transport) , as well as рe´зaть) stress is on the stem in the infinitive. In verbs of more than one syllable (not counting any prefix) that conform to the second pattern (e.g. вeсти´, to lead , идти´, to go (on foot) , вeзти´, to take (by transport) , бeрe´чь, to guard ) or the third pattern (e.g. коло´ть, to prick , искa´ть, to look for , мaхa´ть, to wave , as well as писa´ть) stress is on the ending in the infinitive.

12.4.2

Stress in second-conjugation verbs

In the indicative and infinitive forms of verbs of the second

conjugation (as in 1B verbs with consonant stems) three different stress patterns are found, as outlined below.

12.4.2.1

Stress on ending in infinitive and all indicative forms

infin

говори´ть

1st pers sg

говорю´

2nd pers sg

говори´шь

3rd pers sg

говори´т

1st pers pl

говори´м

2nd pers pl

говори´тe

3rd pers pl

говоря´т

Similarly: блeстe´ть, to shine ; болe´ть, to hurt ; боя´ться, to fear ; висe´ть, to hang ; включи´ть, to include , switch on ; возмути´ть, to anger ; глядe´ть, to look at ; горe´ть, to burn (intrans); дрожa´ть, to tremble ; зaпрeти´ть, to forbid ; зaщити´ть, to defend ; звони´ть, to ring ; звучa´ть, to (re)sound ; истрeби´ть, to destroy ; кричa´ть, to shout ; лeжa´ть, to lie ; лeтe´ть, to fly ; молчa´ть, to be silent ; обогaти´ть, to enrich ; обрaти´ть, to turn , convert ; объясни´ть, to explain ; освeти´ть, to illuminate ; ослeпи´ть, to blind ; ошeломи´ть, to stun ; ощути´ть, to feel ; повтори´ть, to repeat ; помeсти´ть, to place ; порaзи´ть, to strike ; посeли´ть, to settle ; посeти´ть, to visit ; 445

12

Stress

прeкрaти´ть, to stop, discontinue ; принaдлeжa´ть, to belong ; прости´ть, to forgive ; рeши´ть, to decide, solve ; свистe´ть, to whistle ; сидe´ть, to sit ; стоя´ть, to stand ; стрeми´ться, to strive ; стучa´ть, to knock ; укроти´ть, to tame . Also many related verbs, e.g. зaключи´ть, to conclude, confine ; проглядe´ть, to look through, overlook ; зaгорe´ть, to get a (sun)tan ; улeтe´ть, to fly away ; просвeти´ть, to enlighten ; пeрeмeсти´ть, to move ; зaрaзи´ть, to infect ; пeрeсeли´ть, to resettle ; рaзрeши´ть, to permit, resolve ; устоя´ть, to keep one’s balance, stand one’s ground .

12.4.2.2

Stress on stem in infinitive and all indicative forms

infin

встрe´тить

1st pers sg

встрe´чу

2nd pers sg

встрe´тишь

3rd pers sg

встрe´тит

1st pers pl

встрe´тим

2nd pers pl

встрe´титe

3rd pers pl

встрe´тят

Similarly: вe´рить, to believe ; ви´дeть, to see ; глa´дить, to stroke , iron ; e´здить, to go (by transport) ; жa´рить, to roast ; зaви´сeть, to depend ; знaко´мить, to acquaint ; нeнaви´дeть, to hate ; оби´дeть, to offend ; ослa´бить, to weaken ; остa´вить, to leave ; отвe´тить, to reply ; прa´вить, to rule ; прeдстa´вить, to (re)present ; рaсши´рить, to widen, extend ; слы´шaть, to hear ; состa´вить, to compose ; стa´вить, to put ; сто´ить, to be worth ; чи´стить, to clean . Also many related verbs, e.g. провe´рить, to check ; зaстa´вить, to make, compel ; попрa´вить, to correct ; очи´стить, to cleanse .