Derek Offord - Using Russian - A Guide to Contemporary Usage

Moscow State University

унивeрситe´т

MHP

Mонго´льскaя Haро´днaя Peспу´бликa

Mongolian People’s Republic

MO

Mинистe´рство оборо´ны

Ministry of Defence

MПC

Mинистe´рство путe´й сообщe´ния

Ministry of Communications

MXAT

Mоско´вский худо´жeствeнный

Moscow Arts Theatre

aкaдeми´чeский тea´тр

HATO

Cèвeроaтлaнти´чeский сою´з

North Atlantic Treaty Organisation

( NATO )

Hии

нaу´чно-исслe´довaтeльский институ´т scientific research institute HКBд ∗

Haро´дный комиссaриa´т вну´трeнних

People’s Commissariat of Internal Affairs

дeл

(Soviet police agency, 1934–43)

HЭП ∗

но´вaя экономи´чeскaя поли´тикa

New Economic Policy (of 1920s)

OAЭ

Oбъeдинённыe Aрa´бскиe Эмирa´ты

United Arab Emirates

OBд ∗

Oргaнизa´ция Baршa´вского догово´рa Warsaw Treaty Organisation OBиP

Oтдe´л виз и рeгистрa´ции

visa and registration department

OOH

Oргaнизa´ция Oбъeдинённых Ha´ций

United Nations Organisation ( UN )

OOП

Oргaнизa´ция Oсвобождe´ния

Palestine Liberation Organisation ( PLO )

Пaлeсти´ны

OПEК

Oргaнизa´ция стрaн-экспортёров

Organisation of Petroleum Exporting

нe´фти

Countries ( OPEC )

OЭCP

Oргaнизa´ция экономи´чeского

Organisation for Economic Co-operation

сотру´дничeствa и рaзви´тия

and Development ( OECD )

ПBO

про´тиво-возду´шнaя оборо´нa

anti-aircraft defence

PAH

Pосси´йскaя Aкaдe´мия нaу´к

Russian Academy of Sciences

PΦ

Pосси´йскaя Φeдeрa´ция

Russian Federation

CКB

свобо´дно-конвeрти´руeмaя вaлю´тa

convertible currency

CHГ

Cодру´жeство нeзaви´симых

Commonwealth of Independent States

госудa´рств

( CIS )

CП

совмe´стноe прeдприя´тиe

joint venture

CCCP ∗

Cою´з Cовe´тских Cоциaлисти´чeских

Union of Soviet Socialist Republics

Peспу´блик

( USSR )

CшA

Cоeдинённыe штa´ты Aмe´рики

United States of America ( USA )

CЭB ∗

Cовe´т Экономи´чeской

Council for Mutual Economic Aid

взaимопо´мощи

( COMECON )

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6

Language and everyday life

TACC ∗

Teлeгрa´фноe aгe´нтство Cовe´тского

TASS , i.e. the Soviet news agency

Cою´зa

TB

тeлeви´дeниe

TV

THК

трàнснaционa´льныe корпорa´ции

multinational corporations

TУ-

Tу´полeв-

Tupolev (Russian aircraft)

ΦБP

Φeдeрa´льноe бюро´ рaсслe´довaний

Federal Bureau of Investigation ( FBI )

ΦPГ ∗

Φeдeрaти´внaя Peспу´бликa Гeрмa´нии Federal German Republic , i.e. former West Germany

ΦCБ

Φeдeрa´льнaя слу´жбa бeзопa´сности

Federal Security Service

цБP

цeнтрa´льный бaнк Pосси´и

Central Bank of Russia

цК ∗

цeнтрa´льный Комитe´т

Central Committee (of CPSU)

цPУ

цeнтрa´льноe рaзвe´дывaтeльноe

Central Intelligence Agency ( CIA )

упрaвлe´ниe

чП

чрeзвычa´йноe происшe´ствиe

lit extreme event , i.e. emergency , some

natural or man-made disaster

ЮHECКO

Oргaнизa´ция OOH по вопро´сaм

United Nations Educational, Scientific

обрaзовa´ния, нaу´ки и культу´ры

and Cultural Organisation ( UNESCO )

6.11

Names of countries and nationalities

The following lists are not exhaustive, but give the names of most

countries of the world, grouped according to continent or region,

together with the adjectives formed from them and the nouns

denoting male and female representatives of each nationality.

The suffixes most commonly used to denote nationality are - eцand

- нин, for males, and - кaand - нкafor females. However, in certain instances the expected feminine form cannot be used or at least seems unnatural to native speakers (and is therefore omitted from the lists in the following sections). In other instances no noun at all is derived from the name of the country to denote nationality, or at least Russians might hesitate to use a form that does in theory exist. When in doubt as to whether a particular noun denoting nationality may be used one may have recourse to a phrase with жи´тeли, inhabitants , e.g. жи´тeли

Буру´нди, people who live in Burundi .

In some foreign words the letter eis pronounced э; this pronunciation is indicated in brackets after the word in question. An asterisk after a place-name in this section indicates that the noun in question is indeclinable.

Note:

nouns and adjectives denoting nationality do not begin with a capital letter in Russian (see also 11.16).