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Index

A-bar movement 306

comprehension errors in 215, 216–17, 378–80

ablaut 164

production errors in 215–16, 378

Abney, S. 360

agreement 135, 137, 144–5, 233, 248

accent (see phrasal stress)

in AAVE 233, 237

accusative case 248, 251, 265–6, 356, 360–1

in complement clauses 251

accusative possessors in Child English

in East Anglian English 233

359–61

in EME 320

accusative subjects

operations in syntax 264–5, 267–8, 306, 345, 407

in Child English 355–8

in SLI 219, 385

in infinitive clauses 251

in south western English 233

acquired language disorders 13, 213

allomorphs 152

acquisition of language (see also developmental

allomorphy 151–2

linguistics) 408

lexically conditioned 152

acrolect 234

phonologically conditioned 152, 220

activation in psycholinguistics 202, 209

plural 188–9

active articulator 31

third person singular present 220

active voice 137

allophones 77

additions in speech errors 115

allophonic variation 77

Adger, D. 267

allophony 77

adjacency pairs 401

alternation in phonology 26, 83–5, 90, 152

adjectives 130

alveolars 30, 109

comparative form of 130

alveopalatals (see palato-alveolars)

and derivational morphology 144

ambiguity (see also structural ambiguity) 5, 232

dimensional 175–6, 177, 179

amelioration in semantic change 231

incorporation 161

American English 55, 63, 71, 227

in language acquisition 187

A-movement 306

superlative form of 130

Ancient Egyptian 119

adjuncts 249, 331

antecedent 277

adverbs 130, 144

local for reflexives 277–8

Affected Object 334–5

anterior as phonological feature 86, 413

affix 140

anticipations in speech errors 115, 117

Affix Attachment 273, 319

antonyms 176, 208, 209

affricates 29

antonymy 176, 177–8

African American Vernacular English (AAVE)

aphasia 11–13, 213–19

agreement in 233, 237

selective impairment in 213

double negation in 297

apophony (see ablaut)

empty T in 271–2

apparent-time method 16, 66

inversion in 311–13

approximant as phonological feature 412

possessives in 237

approximants 33

age and variation in language use 235–6

in child phonology 100–4

age-graded sociolinguistic variables 16

Arabic 81, 224

Agent 305, 333, 334–5

arbitrariness of the linguistic sign 205

agglutinating languages 156–7

argument movement (see A-movement)

agrammatism (see also Broca’s aphasia) 214–17,

arguments 130, 247

377–82, 385, 408

Armenian alphabet 119

422

Index

423

articles ( see also determiners) 130, 133

borrowing 224–5

Ash, S. 237

bound morphemes 140

aspect 252

in aphasia 216

perfect 252, 261

in SLI 219–21

progressive 252

bound variable interpretation of pronouns

aspirated as phonological feature 87, 413

342–4

aspiration 35, 75–7, 87–90, 90–1

bound word 150

assimilation (see also harmony) 5

Bradford 47–8

in Farsi 49

Braine, M. 351

partial 100

Bresnan, J. 246

target of 100

British English ( see also Contemporary

total 100

Standard English) 62 , 69 –70, 71,

trigger for 100

227–8, 230

audience design 53–4, 409

broad transcription 76

Austin, J. L. 394

Broca, P. 12

Australian English 62, 64,

Broca’s aphasia (see also agrammatism) 214– 17,

71, 227

377–82

auxiliary copying in children 295

Broca’s area 12

auxiliary inversion 294–6

Brown, R. 189

auxiliary verbs 133

Bucholtz, M. 51

difficulties with in SLI 219, 385

Bulgarian 85

dummy 319

errors in SLI 385

calque 225

as finite T 259, 261

Cambodian 38

and gapping 272

Canadian English 227–8

perfect 136

Cantonese 79, 81

progressive 136

Cardiff 53

Caribbean English 66

babbling 96

case (see also genitive case, nominative case,

back as phonological feature 413

objective case) 248

backtracking in parsing 373

assignment of 264, 265–6, 267–8, 345, 356–8, back vowels 36, 109–10

360–1

Bailey, B. 313

errors in agrammatism 216

Bantu 156

errors in SLI 385

bare nominals 284–5

in Latin 158

in Child English 358–9

marking in Child English 355–8

base form of verbs 147

structural 356

basic level of categorisation 194–6, 226, 232

in Turkish 158

in Wernicke’s aphasia 217–18

categorical perception 113

basilect 235

causative verb 274–5

behaviourism 115

Celtic languages 164