Mary Roach - Stiff

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“One of the funniest and most unusual books of the year…. Gross, educational, and unexpectedly sidesplitting.”

Stiff In this fascinating, ennobling account, Mary Roach visits the good deeds of cadavers over the centuries—from the anatomy labs and human-sourced pharmacies of medieval and nineteenth-century Europe to a human decay research facility in Tennessee, to a plastic surgery practice lab, to a Scandinavian funeral directors’ conference on human composting. In her droll, inimitable voice, Roach tells the engrossing story of our bodies when we are no longer with them.

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Soubiran, André. The Good Doctor Guillotin and His Strange Device .

Translated by Malcolm MacCraw. London: Souvenir Press, 1964.

White, Robert J., et al. “Cephalic Exchange Transplantation in the Monkey.” Surgery 70 (1):135-39.

————, et al. “The Isolation and Transplantation of the Brain: An Historical Perspective Emphasizing the Surgical Solutions to the Design of These Classical Models.” Neurological Research 18:194-203 (June 1996).

CHAPTER 10: EAT ME

Bernstein, Adam M., Harry P. Koo, and David A. Bloom. “Beyond the Trendelenburg Position: Friedrich Trendelenburgs Life and Surgical Contributions.” Surgery 126 (l):78-82.

Chong, Key Ray. Cannibalism in China . Wakefield, N.H.: Longwood Academic, 1990.

Garn, Stanley M., and Walter D. Block. “The Limited Nutritional Value of Cannibalism.” American Anthropologist 72:106.

Harris, Marvin. Good to Eat . New York: Simon & Schuster, 1985.

Kevorkian, Jack. “Transfusion of Postmortem Human Blood.” American Journal of Clinical Pathology 35 (5):413-19 (May 1961).

Le Fèvre, Nicolas. A Compleat Body of Chymistry . Translation of Traicté de la chymie , 1664. New York: Readex Microprint, 1981. Landmarks II series. Micro-opaque.

Lemery, Nicholas. A Course of Chymistry . 4th edition, translated from the 11th edition in the French. London: A. Bell, 1720.

Peters, Hermann. Pictorial History of Ancient Pharmacy . Translated and revised by William Netter. Chicago: G. P. Engelhard, 1889.

Petrov, B. A. “Transfusions of Cadaver Blood.” Surgery 46 (4):651-55 (October 1959).

Pomet, Pierre. A Compleat History of Druggs . Volume 2, Book 1: Of Animals. Third edition. London, 1737.

Read, Bernard E. Chinese Materia Medica: Animal Drugs . From the Pen Ts’ao Kang Mu by Li Shih-chen, A.D. 1597.Taipei: Southern Materials Center, 1976.

Reuters. “Court Releases Crematorium Cannibals.” Oddly Enough section. 6 May 2002.

————. “Diners Loved Human-Flesh Dumplings.” Arizona Republic , 30 March 1991

Rivera, Diego. My Art, My Life: An Autobiography . Reprint. Mineola, N.Y.: Dover, 1991.

Roach, Mary. “Don’t Wok the Dog.” California , January 1990, 18-22.

————. “Why Doesn’t Anyone Have Dropsy Anymore?” Salon.com, 2 July 1999

Sharma, Yojana, and Graham Hutchings. “Chinese Trade in Human Foetuses for Consumption Is Uncovered.” Daily Telegraph (London), 13 April 1995.

Tannahil, Reay. Flesh and Blood . Briarcliff Manor, N.Y.: Stein & Day, 1975.

Thompson, C. J. S. The Mystery and Art of the Apothecary . Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott, 1929.

Walen, Stanley, and Roy Wagner. “Comment on ‘The Limited Nutritional Value of Cannibalism.’” American Anthropologist 73:269-70 (1971).

Wootton, A. C. Chronicles of Pharmacy . London: Macmillan, 1910.

Zheng, I. Scarlet Memorial: Tales of Cannibalism in Modern China .

Translated by T. P. Sym. Boulder, Colo.: Westview Press, 1996.

CHAPTER 11: OUT OF THE FIRE, INTO THE COMPOST BIN

Mills, Allan. “Mercury and Crematorium Chimneys.” Nature 346:615 (16 August 1990).

Mount Auburn (Massachusetts) Cemetery Scrapbook I, page 5.

“Disposing of Corpses: Improvements Suggested on Burial and Cremation.” Article from unnamed newspaper, 18 April 1888.

Prothero, Stephen. Purified by Fire: A History of Cremation in America .

Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 2001.

CHAPTER 12: REMAINS OF THE AUTHOR

O’Rorke, Imogen. “Skinless Wonders: An Exhibition of Flayed Corpses Has Been Greeted with Popular Acclaim and Moral Indignation.” The Observer (London), 20 May 2001.

United Press International. “Boston Med Schools Fear Skeleton Pinch: Plastic Facsimiles Are Just Passable.” Chicago Tribune , 15 June 1986. Final Edition.

Copyright

VIKING
an imprint of PENGUIN BOOKS

VIKING

Published by the Penguin Group

Penguin Books Ltd, 80 Strand, London WC2R ORL, England

Penguin Putnam Inc., 375 Hudson Street, New York, New York 10014, USA

Penguin Books Australia Ltd, 250 Camberwell Road, Camberwell, Victoria 3124, Australia

Penguin Books Canada Ltd, 10 Alcorn Avenue,Toronto, Ontario, Canada M4V 3B2

Penguin Books India (P) Ltd, 11 Community Centre, Panchsheel Park, New Delhi - 110 017, India

Penguin Books (NZ) Ltd, Cnr Rosedale and Airborne Roads, Albany, Auckland, New Zealand

Penguin Books (South Africa) (Pty) Ltd, 24 Sturdee Avenue, Rosebank 2196, South Africa

Penguin Books Ltd, Registered Offices: 80 Strand, London WC2R ORL, England

www.penguin.com

First published in the United States of America by W.W. Norton & Company Ltd. 2003

First published in Great Britain by Viking 2003

Copyright © Mary Roach, 2003

The moral right of the author has been asserted

In several instances, names have been changed to respect privacy Photo credits: title page: Hulton Deutsch Collection/Corbis; p.17: Getty Images/Juliette Lasserre; p.35: Getty Images/Robin Lynn Gibson; p.59: Photofest; p.85: Photofest; p.111: Getty Images/Stephen Swintek; p.129: Hulton Deutsch Collection/Corbis; p.155: Geoffrey Clements/Corbis; p.

165: Getty Images/Tracy Montana/Photolink; p. 197: Bettmann/Corbis; p.219: Getty Images/John A. Rizzo; p.249: Minnesota Historical Society/Corbis; p.279:T.R.Tharp/Corbis

All rights reserved.

Without limiting the rights under copyright reserved above, no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in or introduced into a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means (electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise), without the prior written permission of both the copyright owner and the above publisher of this book

Printed in Great Britain by Clays Ltd, St Ives plc

A CIP catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library

ISBN 0-670-91217-4

Footnotes

1

Or almost always. Every now and then, it will happen that an anatomy student recognizes a lab cadaver. “I’ve had it happen twice in a quarter of a century,” says Hugh Patterson, an anatomy professor at the University of California, San Francisco, Medical School.

2

I’m a believer in organ and tissue (bone, cartilage, skin) donation, but was startled to learn that donated skin that isn’t used for, say, grafting onto burn victims may be processed and used cosmetically to plump up wrinkles and aggrandize penises. While I have no preconceived notions of the hereafter, I stand firm in my conviction that it should not take the form of someone else’s underpants.

3

The human being of centuries past was clearly in another league, insofar as pain endurance went. The farther back you go, it seems, the more we could take. In medieval England, the patient wasn’t even tied down, but sat obligingly upon a cushion at the foot of the doctor’s chair, presenting his ailing part for treatment. In an illustration in The Medieval Surgery , we find a well-coiffed man about to receive treatment for a troublesome facial fistula. The patient is shown calmly, almost fondly, lifting his afflicted face toward the surgeon. Meanwhile, the caption is going: “The patient is instructed to avert his eyes and… the roots of the fistula are then seared by taking an iron or bronze tube through which is passed a red hot iron.” The caption writer adds, “The doctor would appear to be left-handed in this particular picture,” as if perhaps trying to distract the reader from the horrors just read, a palliative technique fully as effective as asking a man with a red-hot poker closing in on his face to “avert his eyes.”

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