Martin Jacques - When China Rules the World

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For well over two hundred years we have lived in a western-made world, one where the very notion of being modern is inextricably bound up with being western. The twenty-first century will be different. The rise of China, India and the Asian tigers means that, for the first time, modernity will no longer be exclusively western. The west will be confronted with the fact that its systems, institutions and values are no longer the only ones on offer. The key idea of Martin Jacques's ground-breaking new book is that we are moving into an era of contested modernity. The central player in this new world will be China. Continental in size and mentality, China is a 'civilisation-state' whose characteristics, attitudes and values long predate its existence as a nation-state. Although clearly influenced by the west, its extraordinary size and history mean that it will remain highly distinct, and as it exercises its rapidly growing power it will change much more than the world's geo-politics. The nation-state as we understand it will no longer be globally dominant, and the Westphalian state-system will be transformed; ideas of race will be redrawn. This profound and far-sighted book explains for the first time the deeper meaning of the rise of China.
***
China Digital Times
Book Review: When China Rules the World
“When you’re alone and life is making you lonely, you can always go: downtown.” So warbled the British singer, Petula Clark in the 1960s. However, today if solitude is your constant companion, I would suggest that you purchase a copy of this riveting book and read it on the bus and in airports — as I have been doing in recent days, with the dramatic words on the bright red cover of this weighty tome blaring insistently — and no doubt you will find, as I have, that your reading reverie will be constantly interrupted by a stream of anxious interlopers curious to know what the future may hold.
For like Petula Clark, the author too hails from London, though the startling message he brings decidedly differs from her melancholy intervention. For it is the author’s conclusion that sooner rather than later, China — a nation ruled by a Communist Party — will have the most sizeable and powerful economy in the world and that this will have manifold economic, cultural, psychological (and racial) consequences. Strangely enough, Jacques — one of the better respected intellectuals in the North Atlantic community — does not dwell upon how this monumental turn of events occurred. To be sure, he pays obeisance to the leadership of Comrade Deng Xiaoping, who in 1978, opened China’s economy to massive inward foreign direct investment, which set the stage for the 21st Century emergence of the planet’s most populous nation. Yet, for whatever reason, Jacques — who once was a leading figure in the British Communist Party — does not deign to detail to the gentle reader how Beijing brokered an alliance with US imperialism, that helped to destabilize their mutual foe in Moscow, which prepared the path for the gargantuan capital infusion that has transformed China and bids fair to do the same for the world as a whole.
Still, it is noteworthy that this book’s back-cover carries blurbs from the conservative economic historian, Niall Ferguson of Harvard (Henry Kissinger’s authorized biographer); the leading historian, Eric Hobsbawm; the well-known Singaporean intellectual and leader, Kishore Mahbubani (who has written a book that mirrors Jacques’ earthshaking conclusions); and a raft of Chinese thinkers who do not seem displeased nor surprised by his findings.

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– ‘Why Taiwan Really Matters to China’, 2004, available at www.irchina.org

Ziegler, Dominic, ‘Reaching for a Renaissance: A Special Report on China and Its Region’, The Economist , 31 March 2007

Permissions

The author and publishers are grateful to the following for permission to reproduce graphically represented statistical material:

Asian Development Bank (Fig. 11); British Petroleum (Fig. 36); Center for Arms Control and Non-Proliferation (Fig. 2); Chery Inc. (Fig. 20); Chicago Council on Global Affairs (Figs 41, 42, Table 7); China Youth Research Centre (Figs 47–52); Dentsu Institute for Human Studies (Figs 4–8, Table 1); Energy Information Administration (Fig. 14); Goldman Sachs (Figs 1, 23, derived from Dominic Wilson and Anna Stupnytska, ‘The N-11: More than an Acronym’, GS Global Economic Papers 153, 2007, p. 11; Fig. 10); HarperCollins (Fig. 9, derived from Nicholas Ostler, Empires of the World , 2005, p. 526); IDC (Fig. 17); Institute for Public Policy Research (Fig. 33, derived from Leni Wild and David Mepham (eds.), The New Sinosphere , 2006, p. 16); Institute of International Education (Fig. 53, derived from Open Doors , 2007); International Herald Tribune (Fig. 19); International Institute for Strategic Studies (Figs 31, 32); International Monetary Fund (Figs 37, 39, 40); S. Jonah (Table 4); Mainland Affairs Council, Taiwan (Fig. 30, derived from Chih-cheng Lo, ‘An Inconvenient Truth: The Rise of Taiwanese Identity and its Impacts’, paper presented at the LSE conference ‘Nationalism, Globalization and Regional Security in Northeast Asia’, 12 May 2007, p. 13); Miniwatts Marketing Group (Figs 44, 45); National Chengchi University Election Studies Centre (Fig. 29, derived from Chih-cheng Lo, ‘An Inconvenient Truth’, p. 5); New York Times (Fig. 15); OECD (Fig. 3, Table 2, derived from Angus Maddison, The World Economy , 2003, pp. 179, 261; Fig. 12, derived from Angus Maddison, Chinese Economic Performance in the Long Run , revised edn, 2007, p. 61; Table 3, derived from A. Goldstein et al., China and India: What’s In It for Africa? , mimeo, 2006); Pew Global Attitudes Project (Figs 16, 22, Table 6); PricewaterhouseCoopers (Fig. 43); Standard Chartered Bank (Figs 35, 38, derived from A. Ofon and B. Xu, ‘Asia and Africa — Increasing “South South” Trade’, SCB Special Report 20, 2004); Thomson Datastream (Fig. 46); Tralac, South Africa (Fig. 34, derived from R. Sandrey, The African Trading Relationship with China , 2006); UNCTAD (Fig. 18); US Chinese Services Group/Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu (Fig. 21); US State Department, Bureau of Intelligence and Research (Figs 25–28); World Bank (Fig. 13, derived from Ravallion and Chen, ‘China’s (Uneven) Progress Against Poverty’, WB Working Paper 3408, 2004; Fig. 39); World Affairs Press, Beijing (Fig. 24, derived from Zhang Yunling, East Asian Regionalism and China , 2005, p. 129)

Every effort has been made to contact copyright holders. The author and publishers would be happy to make good in future editions any errors or omissions brought to their attention.

Index

Bold numbers indicate figures, maps and tables.

1911 Revolution

aerospace

Africa

overseas Chinese

Africans

agriculture

China

farming population in East Asia

Japan

shares of GDP

Air China

Airbus

aircraft market

American financial crisis see credit crunch

Amity and Cooperation, Treaty of

ancestral spirits

anti-Han riots, Lhasa

anti-Japanese demonstrations

art

ArtPrice ranking

ASEAN

ASEAN- China Free Trade Area (ACFTA)

ASEAN Free Trade Area (AFTA)

Asiasee also individual countries and regions

Asian Financial Crisis

Asian Monetary Fund

Asian tigers

characteristics of

democracy

rise of

Australia

authoritarianism

automobile market

autonomous regions

The Autumn Banquet

Bairoch, Paul

Balkanized system

banking system

barbarians

basketball

Bayly, Christopher

Beijing

Beijing Conventions

Beijing Olympics

Beijing summit (2006)

Benedict, Ruth

Bird’s Nest

Bo Yang

Boxer Uprising

Boyd, Robert

Brazil

Bretton Woods

British cuisine

Buddhism

bureaucratic elites

Bush administration

Bush, George W.

Callahan, William A.

car market

Carrefour

Caucasians

CCTV

century of humiliation

Chang, K.C.

Chen Kuan-Hsing

Chen Shui-bian

Chery

Chiang Kai-shek

Chiang Mai Initiative

China Investment Corporation

Chinalco

Chinese attitude, to the world

Chinese citizens abroad

Chinese cuisine

Chinese diaspora see also overseas Chinese

Chinese firms see also state enterprises

Chinese hegemony

attitude to the world

culture

economy

geopolitical shifts

racial order

shared history

values and education

Chinese identity

civilization-state see civilization-state

as a continental system

as a developed and developing country

early emergence of

reinforced by foreign occupation

Chinese (language)

Mandarin

Chinese migration see overseas Chinese

Chinese modernity

emergence of

characteristics of

Chinese overseas direct investment

Chinese traditional medicine

Chow, Kai-wing

Christian Dior

Citic Securities

cities

citizenship, notion of

civilization-state

Cixi, Empress Dowager

class structure

clean-technology innovations

climate change

clothing

CNPC

CO2 emissions

coal

Cohen, Paul

Cold War

colonialism

colonization

role in industrialization

Comme des Garçons

commodities

consumption

exports from Africa

prices

Communism

Communist Party

1949 Revolution

political directions

political reform

race and class

ruling system

Confucianism

and Communism

and democracy

and education

harmony

influence on Asian nations

and politics

and reforms

on rulers and families

Confucius

Confucius Institutes

consumer goods, falling price

cooked barbarians

corruption

cotton

credit crunch

cricket

Crystal, David

Cultural Revolution

Curtin, Michael

Cwiertka, Katarzyna

da zhongguo

da zhonghua

daimyo

Dakar, Senegal

Dalai Lama

decentralization

Declaration on the Conduct of Parties in the South China Sea

decolonization

deforestation

deindustrialization

democracy

Greek influence

Democratic Progressive Party (DPP), Taiwan

Deng Xiaoping

on economic development

international system

‘Southern Expedition’

dependency theory

depoliticization

depressionssee also economic recession

developed world see the West

developing world

China as

rise of

and the West

Diamond, Jared

Diaoyu/Senkaku islands

Dikötter, Frank

Ding Xueliang

dollar

domestic/corporate savings

Dreyer, Edward

drugs

East Asia

and China see regional pre-eminence democracy Japan’s attitude to

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