James Mann: The Rebellion of Ronald Reagan

11 Author’s Krenz interview.

12 Author’s Ischinger interview.

13 Michael R. Beschloss and Strobe Talbott, At the Highest Levels (Boston: Little Brown and Company, 1993), 136.

14 James Baker conversation with author, July 29, 1991.

15 Author interview with George Shultz, February 16, 2005.

16 Thomas L. Friedman, “Nixon Scoffs at Level of Support for Russian Democracy by Bush,” New York Times , March 10, 1992, A-1.

17 Marvin Kalb, The Nixon Memo (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1994), 144-66; Monica Crowley, Nixon Off the Record (New York: Random House, 1996), 168.

18 Ronald Reagan, The Reagan Diaries (New York: HarperCollins, 2007), 590.

19 Ronald Reagan correspondence with Suzanne Massie, WHORM 5003, case file 588091, Ronald Reagan Presidential Library; Reagan Diaries (New York: HarperCollins, 2007), 636.

20 Leslie Shepherd, “Reagan Urges Soviet Republics to Let Reason Prevail Over Passion,” Associated Press, September 17, 1990.

21 Author interview with Suzanne Massie, March 21, 2005.

22 Richard Allen, oral interview, Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia, May 28, 2002.

23 Frederick B. Ryan, Jr., oral interview, Miller Center, May 25, 2004.

24 William H. Webster, oral interview, Miller Center, August 21, 2002.

1 Author interview with Nancy Reagan, June 29, 2005.

2 Author interview with Frank Carlucci, January 26, 2007.

3 Author interview with Anatoly Adamishin, April 10, 2008.

Able Archer

Adamishin, Anatoly

Adam-Tkalec, Maritta

Adelman, Kenneth

Afghanistan, Soviet Union invasion of

Akhromeyev, Sergei

Allen, Richard

Anderson, Martin

Andropov, Yuri:

death of

fear of American attack

Gorbachev seen as protégé of

on KAL Flight 007 crisis

as KGB head

Massie inscribes copy of her book for

in progression of aging leaders

Reagan considers summit with

Reagan’s “evil empire” and

Reagan’s vulgar term for

Anti-Appeasement Alliance

anticommunism:

of Berlin Wall speech

Reagan and Nixon as leaders of

Reagan recasts foreign policy in terms of

Reagan’s anti-Soviet jokes

two versions of

Arbatov, Georgi

Armitage, Richard

arms control:

Bush becomes critic of Reagan’s policy

Carter’s policy

Gorbachev’s concessions of

Gorbachev seeks direct dialogue about

Gorbachev wants agreement so he can cut defense spending

Kohl convinced to accept

opposition to Reagan’s policy

Reagan aids brief him on

Reagan on taking risks for

Reagan rejects early in his presidency

Reagan’s Berlin Wall speech and negotiations

Reykjavik proposals for

Soviets suspend talks in late

See also intermediate-range missiles; long-range strategic missiles; nuclear weapons

Atwater, Lee

Bahr, Egon

Baker, Howard:

becomes White House chief of staff

conservative criticism of

and Gorbachev’s plea to Reagan

at Moscow summit

on Nixon and Kissinger’s criticism of Reagan

Baker, Howard ( cont. )

in Noriega dispute

and proposed American tour for Gorbachev

at Reagan-Nixon meeting of April

Reagan said to be instrument of

and Reagan’s Berlin Wall speech

on Reagan’s travel in last year

at Washington summit

Baker, James

Benavidez, Roy

Berlin

Airlift of

Brandenburg Gate

Bush on tearing down Berlin Wall

East Berlin rebellion of

history of the Wall

Kennedy’s “ Ich bin ein Berliner ” speech

Reagan’s Berlin Initiative

Reagan visit of

Reagan visit of

Reagan visit of

Reichstag rock concert

750th anniversary celebrations in

twenty-fifth anniversary of the Wall

Warsaw Pact meeting of 1987 in East

West Germans thought to be prepared to recognize division of

youth riot in East

Berlin Wall speech

American reaction to

as anti-Communist

Brandenburg Gate location of

Cold War rhetoric in

delivery of

Marlene Dietrich allusion in

East Berliners attempt to hear

East German disturbances and

East German reaction to

and end of Cold War

Hungary television broadcasts

Kornblum’s draft of

message to Gorbachev of

“Mr. Gorbachev, tear down this wall!,”

new element of

opposing interpretations of

previews of

Reagan gauges Gorbachev’s reaction to

Reagan’s other anti-Communist speeches compared with

Reagan’s own judgment displayed in

Reagan thanks speechwriters for

reception of

Robinson’s draft of

Soviet reaction to

Soviets provide security assistance for

State Department and National Security Council concerns about

State Department reaction to

street demonstrations during

West German reaction to

Bessmertnykh, Alexander

Bilak, Vasil

Bitburg cemetery

Bogdanov, Radomir

Boren, David

Boucsein, Hildegard

Brady, Nicholas

Brandt, Willy

Bräutigam, Hans-Otto

Brezhnev, Leonid:

doctrine on Eastern European intervention

Gorbachev compared with

Nixon advises on Reagan

Nixon compares Gorbachev with

at party at Nixon’s California home

in rapid change in Soviet leadership

Reagan joke about

Reagan meets

Reagan sends hand written letter to

and Reagan’s “new Berlin initiative,”

summit meetings with Nixon

Buchanan, Patrick

Buckley, William F., Jr.

Burt, Richard

Bush, George H. W.:

and Berlin Wall speech

on breakup of Soviet Union

changes policy toward Gorbachev

criticism of Soviets by

as critic of Reagan’s Soviet policy

difficulties of arms control ratification for

elected president

at first Reagan-Massie meeting

first trip to Europe as president

freezes diplomacy with Gorbachev

on German reunification

Governors Island meeting with Reagan and Gorbachev

Intermediate Nuclear Forces Treaty supported by

Kissinger attempts to influence foreign policy of

at Malta summit with Gorbachev

meets with Gorbachev at Washington summit

Nixon criticizes Russia policy of

Nixon on political skills of

nominates members of Reagan cabinet

in Noriega dispute

as presidential candidate

Reagan defeats for 1980 presidential nomination

in Regan resignation

on Reykjavik arms control negotiations

Robinson as speechwriter for

Scowcroft appointed national security adviser by

on tearing down Berlin Wall

transition from Reagan administration to

Bush, George W.

Byrd, Robert

Carlucci, Frank:

attempts to restrict Massie’s access to Reagan

becomes defense secretary

becomes national security adviser

foreign-policy role in Reagan’s final year

at Moscow summit

and proposed American tour for Gorbachev

on Reagan and details of arms control

at Reagan-Massie meeting of February

at Reagan-Nixon meeting of April

on Reagan not answering questions on Iran-Contra

on Reagan on showing Soviet leaders folly of arms race

on Reagan on Soviet collapse

Reagan said to be instrument of

on Reagan’s charm in saying no

on Reagan’s facility with right wing

and Reagan’s foreign-policy speeches

on Reagan’s willingness to abolish nuclear weapons

recommends that Reagan meet with Nixon and Kissinger