Julian Barbour - The End of Time - The Next Revolution in Physics

group 278

spin 86–90, 157, 218

spinor fields 191

spiral galaxies 88

St Augustine 11

stars as clocks 97, 98

‘state’ 26

stationary points 172

stationary Schrödinger equation 230, 231, 232–5, 253

stationary states 230, 231

statistical behaviour 191

stellar clocks 97, 98

strata 345

stratified manifold 344

sufficient reason, principle of 64, 86, 156

Sun 12, 316–17

as a clock 97, 98

superposition 201–2, 210–12, 225

superspace 169, 348

superstring theory 39, 166, 192, 359

supersymmetry 192

syzgies 78

Tait, Peter 100–1

Tail’s problem 100–4, 135, 139, 144, 347

tensors 161, 191

Tetrahedron Land 43, 168

theory of everything 192

thermodynamics 23

Thomson, George 190

Thomson, James 123, 135

Thorne, Kip 166, 319, 336–7

3-spaces 171

time 17–19

absolute 20, 64, 83–5, 92, 119–20

arrow of 19, 25, 27, 34, 308

atomic 107

directionality of 19

ephemeris 107

equation of 98

experiencing 19–20

graffiti describing 44–5

and gravity 154–5

instants of 16, 18, 247, 265–6

intrinsic 245

length of 19, 100–2, 107, 123, 133, 173

‘line of 27–8

linearity of 19, 27–8

Newtonian 107

non-existence of 14–15, 35–8, 39, 247, 251, 309–11

proper 150, 175

sidereal 97, 98

solar 97, 98

time capsules 30–4, 251, 261, 264–7, 299, 300, 308

defined 31

time-dependent Schrödinger equation 230, 231, 258

time-independent (stationary)

Schrödinger equation 230, 231, 232–5, 253

time-like 148

time travel 328–9

timelessness 14–15, 35–8, 39, 247, 251, 309–11

Tipler, Frank 328, 341

transformation theory 206

trial pairing 171

Triangle Land 40, 41, 42, 45–6, 116–17, 344

Twain, Mark 338

two-and-a-bit puzzle 109

two-slit experiment 194–6

two-snapshots problem 92, 103

unbound states 235

unity of unities 75

universal equation 254

universe 22

chronology of 313–15

as a clock 107–8

expansion 262–4

modelling 40–6

order of 23

wave function of 242

Vaughan, Henry 328

vector fields 191

velocity 96, 97

group 278

Vilenkin, Alexander 352, 359

Voltaire 111

von Laue, Max 190

Vonnegut, Kurt 359

Walsch, Neale Donald 344

water-clock 95

wave function 194–205, 241–2

collapse 199–200, 204, 217–18, 224, 297

of the universe 242

wave mechanics 13, 189–90, 194–205

wave optics 270

wave packets 201, 205, 262, 275–81

wave theory of light 124, 125, 269–71

website 5, 7, 344

Weinberg, Steven 244

well behaved, conditions of being 254

Wheeler, John Archibald 38, 44, 136, 167, 169, 175–6, 246–7

Wheeler-DeWitt equation 38–9, 242, 247, 256, 351, 359

Whitehead, Alfred North 329

Wilczek, Frank 347

Williams, Tennessee 331, 332

Wootters, William 257

World, The 328

world line 140

X-rays 190

Yeats, W.B. 322

Young, Thomas 124, 125

Zeh, Dieter 264, 307, 338, 354

Zeilinger, Anton 360

Zeno’s paradox 49

CHAPTER 1 The Main Puzzles

The Next Revolution in Physics

The Ultimate Things

Getting to Grips with Elusive Time

The Properties of Experienced Time

Newton’s Concepts

Laws and Initial Conditions

Why is the Universe so Special?

CHAPTER 2 Time Capsules

The Physical World and Consciousness

Time Without Time

Time Capsules

Examples of Time Capsules

CHAPTER 3 A Timeless World

First Outline

The Crisis of Time

The Ultimate Arena

Is Motion Real?

The Big Picture

ULTIMATE ARENA

CHAPTER 4 Alternative Frameworks

Absolute or Relative Motion?

An Alternative Arena

CHAPTER 5 Newton’s Evidence

The Aims of Machian Mechanics

Apparent Failure

Space and Spin

Energy

CHAPTER 6 The Two Great Clocks in the Sky

Where is Time?

The First Great Clock

The Inertial Clock

The Second Great Clock

CHAPTER 7 Paths in Platonia

Nature and Exploration

Developing Machian Ideas

Exploring Platonia

RELATIVITY

CHAPTER 8 The Bolt from the Blue

Historical Accidents

Background to the Crisis

Einstein and Simultaneity

The Forgotten Aspects of Time

CHAPTER 9 Minkowski the Magician

The New Arena

From Three to Four Dimensions

Are There Nows in Relativity?

CHAPTER 10 The Discovery of General Relativity

Funny Geometry

Einstein’s Way to General Relativity

The Main Advances

The Final Hurdle

General Relativity and Time

CHAPTER 11 General Relativity: The Timeless Picture

The Golden Age of General Relativity

Platonia for Relativity

Best Matching in the New Platonia

Catching up with Einstein

A Summary and the Dilemma

COSMOLOGY

CHAPTER 12 The Discovery of Quantum Mechanics

CHAPTER 13 The Lesser Mysteries

Introduction

The Wave Function

Interpreting the Wave Function

States Within States

The Copenhagen Interpretation

Heisenberg’s Uncertainty Principle

The Enigmatic Gem

CHAPTER 14 The Greater Mysteries

Schrödinger’s Vast Arena

Correlations and Entanglement

The EPR Paradox

Bell’s Inequalities

The Many-Worlds Interpretation

A Dualistic Picture

CHAPTER 15 The Rules of Creation

The End of Change

Creation and the Schrödinger Equation

Quantum Mechanics Hovering in Nothing

CHAPTER 16 ‘That Damned Equation’

History and Quantum Cosmology

A Simple-Minded Approach

‘That Damned Equation’

CHAPTER 17 The Philosophy of Timelessness

CHAPTER 18 Static Dynamics and Time Capsules

Dynamics Without Dynamics

Why do we Think the Universe is Expanding?

The Idea of Time Capsules: The Kingfisher

CHAPTER 19 Latent Histories and Wave Packets

Smooth Waves and Choppy Seas

History Without History

Airy Nothing and a Local Habitation

Schrödinger’s Heroic Failure

CHAPTER 20 The Creation of Records

History and Records

The Creation of Records: First Mechanism

The Prerequisites of History

The Improbability of History

The Creation of Records: Second Mechanism