Ричард Грант - Англійська мова. Теорія і практика. Займенник

У таких фразах, як this country, this city, займенник this позначає країну, в якій знаходиться мовець, тому при його перекладі потрібно враховувати контекст.

I find the system of education in this country too confusing. (з британської газети) – Я знаходжу британську систему освіти занадто заплутаною.

Крім цього, до вказівних займенників можна віднести such, який вказує на певну якість предмета.

Such small details will make your flat look cozy. – Такі невеликі деталі можуть зробити вашу квартиру затишнішою.

Вправа 9

Поставте this або these.

1. … cream isn’t good. 2. … is my air-plane ticket. 3. … books belong to his children. 4. … river is the longest in the region. 5. … trainers were made in Italy.

Вправа 10

Поставте that або those.

1. … tomatoes are not fresh. 2. … bag is mine. 3. … letters are for Mike. 4. … is our bus. 5. … dogs bark every night.

Вправа 11

Поставте this, that, these або those.

1. Could you pass me … dictionary beside you? 2. … jeans over there are quite cheap. 3. … apples are much sweeter that those ones. 4. Look here! Do you like … ring? 5. Do you know … woman in black over there? 6. … shoes are very tight. I must take them off. 7. How much are … teddy-bears in the shop-window? 8. … tower looks so small because it’s far away. 9. … dolphins we saw in the sea were so funny. 10. … ice-cream I am eating is my favourite.

Вправа 12

Змініть речення в однині на множину, або навпаки.

That girl is my neighbor. – Those girls are my neighbors.

1. This man is quite old. 2. That is our teacher. 3. Pass me those spoons, please. 4. Is this your key? 5. Look at this tulip. 6. These tests are too difficult for me. 7. Who is that woman near the shop? 8. This dress looks great. 9. Whose cars are these? 10. Those glasses are broken.

Вправа 13

Поставте наступні словосполучення в множину.

This magazine, that sticker, this stamp, that sandwich, this poster, this teacup, this egg, that wall, that picture, this foot, that mountain, this lady, that window, this man, that match, this knife, this book, this family, this pie, that answer, that apartment, that teacher, that comedy.

Вправа 14

Поставте наступні речення в множину.

1. This is a spider. 2. Is this a sofa? 3. That isn’t a goose. 4. That is a snail. 5. Is this a bookcase? 6. This isn’t a mouse. 7. This is a space film. 8. Is this a man? 9. That is a cartoon. 10. Is that a ball? 11. This is a star.

Вправа 15

Поставте наступні речення в множину.

1. Is that a train? 2. This is a boy. 3. Is that a plane? 4. This is a baby. 5. That is not a king. 6. That is a plate. 7. That is not a queen. 8. That is a flower. 9. That is not a bus. 10. That is a bookshelf. 11. This isn’t a mountain.

Вправа 16

Виберіть правильний варіант відповіді.

1. This/That puppy over there is mine. 2. This/These flowers are beautiful. 3. This/These is our friend John. 4. Those/That books are not interesting. 5. These/This children are noisy.

Вправа 17

Перекладіть англійською мовою.

1. Мені не подобається це плаття. 2. Ти знаєш того хлопця? 3. Хто ці люди? 4. Я не можу забути про ті дні. 5. Куди ти їдеш цьoго літа?

Зворотні займенники – використовуються, коли особа або предмет виконують дію, спрямовану на саме себе.

Little Timmy fell and hurt himself. – Малюк Тіммі впав і забився.

Однина

1 особа – себе, собi – myself

2 особа – собi – yourself

3 особа – себе, сам/себе, сама/себе, сам, сама, само – himself/herself/itself

загальна особа – себе, собі, сам, сама – oneself

Множина

1 особа – собі, себе, собою – ourselves

2 особа – себе – yourselves

3 особа – себе, собі, самі – themselves

Зворотні займенники можуть служити для емоційного посилення

But you yourself saw it! = You saw it yourself! – Але ж Ви самі все бачили!

Зворотний займенник oneself можна використовувати стосовно до всіх людей:

The only thing I can recommend to achieve success is to treat oneself with self-criticism. – Єдине, що я можу порадити, щоб домогтися успіху – ставитися до себе з самокритикою.

Зворотні займенники не використовуються після дієслів feel, afford, wash, bath, shave, (un)dress, change (clothes).

I feel terrible. – Я страшенно себе почуваю.

I’d like to have a Porsche but I cannot afford it. – Я хотів би мати Порше, але я не можу собі цього дозволити.

I dressed quickly, had my breakfast and left for work. – Я швидко одягнувся, поснідав і поїхав на роботу.

Вправа 18

Поставте необхідний зворотний займенник. .

The water is hot, don’t burn …. – The water is hot, don’t burn yourself.

1. I am angry with …. 2. Can you do many things …? 3. You see you've cut … again. Be more careful. 4. He fell down and hurt …. 5. Does your friend Nick often talk to you about …? 6. I think that poor dog hurt …. 7. Tell me more about …. 8. Did your mother buy anything for … last week? 9. He came into the room and introduced …. 10. She believes in …. 11. Are you always sure of …? 12. We didn't know where to hide …. 13. We are sure of …. 14. Can a little child take care of …?

Вправа 19

Поставте необхідний зворотний займенник.

1. She is very sure of …. 2. They did everything …. 3. Do you believe in …? 4. Children, you can't do that …. 5. Did you translate the text …? 6. Did the pupils answer all the questions …? 7. They always speak only about …. 8. I saw everything …. 9. Did you make the dress …? 10. We should always believe in …. 11. The knife was sharp, and she cut …. 12. Babies cannot look after …. 13. They introduced …. 14. I tried to control ….