Peter Tsouras - Disaster at Stalingrad

4 Peter G. Tsouras, The Great Patriotic War : An Illustrated History of Total War: Soviet Union and Germany, 1941-1945 (London: Greenhill, 1992), p. 79.

5 David Glantz, Armageddon in Stalingrad, September-November 1942, The Stalingrad Trilogy, Vol. 2 (Lawrence, KS: University of Kansas, 2009), p. 14.

6 Friedrich Paulus, http://wikipedia.org/wiki/Friedrich_Paulus, accessed 18 February 2012.

7 *Edward M. Williams, ‘Soviet Equipment Employed by the Germans in WWII’, US Army Magazine, Vol. XX, No. 3, 25 February 1966.

8 Paul Carell, Stalingrad: The Defeat of the German 6th Army (Atglen, PA: Schiffer, 1993), p. 36.

9 Beevor, Stalingrad, pp. 67-8.

10 Jukes, Stalingrad to Kursk, p. 81.

11 Sebag-Montefiore, Enigma, pp. 269-70.

12 Robert Gerwarth, Hitler’s Hangman: The Life of Heydrich (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2011), p. 50. Heydrich and Himmler’s ‘relationship was one of deep trust, complementary talents and shared political convictions’. Heydrich was fundamentally loyal to Himmler.

13 British television documentary, Edward VIII: The Traitor King, first aired by Channel 4 in 1995.

14 1940-1944 insurgency in Chechnya, http://wikipedia.org/wiki/1940-1944_Chechnya_insurgency#cite_note-history.neu.edu-4, accessed 13 March 2012.

1 *Henning von Tresckow, Manstein und Hitler: Entscheidung 1942 (Frankfurt: Ernst Janning, 1962), p. 87.

2 Beevor, Stalingrad, pp. 69-70.

3 http://wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_U-boat_flotillas, accessed 20 Feb 2011. The German U-boat flotillas in France were: Brest: 1st and 9th; Lorient: 2nd and 10th; St-Nazaire: 7th and 6th; La Rochelle: 3rd Flotilla; Bordeaux: 12th (+ Italian submarines). The German U-boat flotillas in Norway were: Bergen: 11th; Trondheim: 13th; Narvik: 14th.

4 Dudley Pope, 73 North: The Defeat of Hitler’s Navy (New York: Berkeley Books, 1958), pp. 98-9.

5 *Jason Colletti, The Führer Naval Conferences (Annapolis, MD: Naval Association Press, 1988), p. 199.

6 Irving, Destruction of Convoy PQ-17, pp. 24-31.

7 *Albert Adlinger, The Devil’s Twins: Heydrich and Dönitz (London: Mayfair et Sons, 1973), p. 121.

8 Irving, Destruction of Convoy PQ-17, p. 24.

9 Irving, Destruction of Convoy PQ-17, p. 31.

10 Sebag-Montefiore, Enigma, pp. 203-4.

11 *Alistair Williams, Former Naval Person: Churchill and the Naval War (London: Blackstone, 1955), p. 129

12 *Desmond Richardson, Decision of Ill-Omen: The Wasp in the Battle for the Arctic Convoy (New York: D. H. Dutton Press, 1949), p. 32.

13 Irving, Destruction of Convoy PQ-17, p. 300.

14 Signal from C-in-C Home Fleet to Admiralty and Rear-Admiral Hamilton, originating at 11:55 a.m. GMT, 22 June 1942, cited in Irving, Destruction of Convoy PQ-17, p. 35.

15 Irving, Destruction of Convoy PQ-17, pp. 31-2.

16 David Wraag, Sacrifice for Stalin: The Cost and Value of the Artic Convoys Re-Assessed (Barnsley: Pen Ɛt Sword, 2005), p. 216.

17 Carell, Stalingrad, pp. 58-9.

18 Vail Motter, The Persian Corridor and Aid to Russia, Appendix, Tables 4, 7, 10.

19 http://wikipedia.org/wiki/Knight‘s_Cross_of_the_Iron_Cross, accessed 1 Mar 2012. ‘The Knight’s Cross of the Iron Cross ( Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes, often simply Ritterkreuz ) was a grade of the 1939 version of the 1813-created Iron Cross ( Eisernes Kreuz ) . The Knight’s Cross of the Iron Cross was the highest award of Germany to recognize extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership during World War II. It was second only to the Grand Cross of the Iron Cross ( Großkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes ) in the military order of the Third Reich.’

20 Adolf Galland, http://wikipedia.org/wiki/Adolf_Galland#High_command_.281941.E2. 80.931945.29, accessed 1 March 2012.

1 Woodman, Arctic Convoys, p. 200.

2 Woodman, Arctic Convoys, pp. 200-1.

3 Irving, Destruction of Convoy PQ-17, pp. 37-8.

4 Irving, Destruction of Convoy PQ-17, pp. 50-1, taken from Lieutenant Douglas Fairbanks, Jr., USNR: ‘Cruiser Covering Force June 25 to July 8, 1942’.

5 Douglas TBD Devastator, http://wikipedia.org/wiki/TBD_Devastator, accessed 6 March 2012.

6 Characteristics of aircraft aboard HMS Victorious and USS Wasp:

7 Irving, Destruction of Convoy PQ-17, p. 19.

8 Woodman, Arctic Convoys, p. 201.

9 Irving, Destruction of PQ-17, pp. 65-6.

10 The caution of P.614’s captain may have due to the fact that his boat was one of four built for the Turkish Navy but retained by the Royal Navy when the war started.

11 Wragg, Sacrifice for Stalin, p. 144.

12 *Joseph P. Hartwell, Aerial Predator: The Life of Josef ‘Pips’ Priller (Boulder, CO: Air Force Academy Press, 1992), p. 129.

13 Woodman, Arctic Convoys, pp. 204-5.

14 Irving, Destruction of Convoy PQ-17, p. 105; Woodman, Arctic Convoys, p. 207.

15 Woodman, Arctic Convoys, pp. 208-9.

16 Irving, Destruction of Convoy PQ-17, p. 107.

17 *William H. Crowdon, Brave Cruisers: The Cruiser Covering Force at the Battle of Bear Island (London: Collins, 1958), p. 90.

18 *Franklin R. Miller, Treason on the Troubador: Mutiny in the Face of the Enemy (Annapolis: Naval Society Press, 1980), p. 138. The mutineers were returned to the United States at the conclusion of the Treaty of Dublin and the American citizens among them successfully prosecuted for treasonously aiding and abetting an enemy in wartime.

19 *Alexander Stuart, Convoy Disaster (Aberdeen: Highland University, 1963), p. 221.

20 Irving, Destruction of Convoy PQ-17, p. 214.

21 Irving, Destruction of Convoy PQ-17, pp. 184-6.

22 Wragg, Sacrifice for Stalin, pp. 148-9.

23 Tsouras, Book of Military Quotations, p. 27.

24 A comparison of armour on the German and American cruisers at the Battle of Bear Island:

25 *Crowdon, Brave Cruisers, pp. 83-4.

26 wikipedia.org ‘Battle of Drøbak Sound’, accessed 3 March 2012.

27 *Edwin Markham, On HMS London at the Battle of Bear Island (London: Charing Cross Publishers, 1983), p. 93.

28 *Hartwell, Aerial Predator, pp. 153-6.

1 *Rudolf Schumdt, In the Wolfsschanze with Hitler: As Told by his Chief Adjutant (New York: Harper et Doubleday, 1956), p. 232.

2 *Yelena Markova, Hard as Men: Soviet Women in the War with Germany (Moscow: Progress, 1978), p. 265.

3 *Schumdt, Wolfsschanze, p. 233.

4 10th U-Boat Flotilla, http://wikipedia.org/wiki/10th_U-boat_Flotilla, accessed 5 March 2012.

5 *Samuel Morison, The Battle That Won the War for Germany (Annapolis: Naval Society Press, 1955), p. 299.

6 *Morison, The Battle That Won the War for Germany, p. 370.

7 *Richard Sullivan, USS Wainwright: Hero of the Battle of Bear Island (Annapolis: Naval Association Press, 1963), p. 189.