Jeremy Scahill - Blackwater

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Blackwater: краткое содержание, описание и аннотация

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Meet Blackwater USA, the powerful private army that the U.S. government has quietly hired to operate in international war zones and on American soil. With its own military base, a fleet of twenty aircraft, and twenty-thousand troops at the ready, Blackwater is the elite Praetorian Guard for the “global war on terror”—yet most people have never heard of it.
It was the moment the war turned: On March 31, 2004, four Americans were ambushed and burned near their jeeps by an angry mob in the Sunni stronghold of Falluja. Their charred corpses were hung from a bridge over the Euphrates River. The ensuing slaughter by U.S. troops would fuel the fierce Iraqi resistance that haunts occupation forces to this day. But these men were neither American military nor civilians. They were highly trained private soldiers sent to Iraq by a secretive mercenary company based in the wilderness of North Carolina.
Blackwater: The Rise of the World's Most Powerful Mercenary Army • Winner of the George Polk Book Award • Alternet Best Book of the Year • Barnes & Noble one of the Best Nonfiction Books of 2007 • Amazon one of the Best Nonfiction Books of 2007

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73 Barton Gellman and Thomas E. Ricks, “U.S. Concludes Bin Laden Escaped at Tora Bora Fight; Failure to Send Troops in Pursuit Termed Major Error,” the Washington Post, April 17, 2002.

74 Bob Woodward and Dan Eggen, “Aug. Memo Focused on Attacks in U.S. Lack of Fresh Information Frustrated Bush,” the Washington Post, May 19, 2002.

75 Richard Sale, “Embarrassed Rumsfeld Fired CIA Official,” United Press International, July 28, 2004.

76 Ibid.

77 White House press release, October 10, 2002.

78 Transcript, “Counterterrorism Chief Says Terrorist Attacks Fell Sharply in 2002,” U.S. State Department, May 14, 2002.

79 Transcript, 2003 State of the Union Address, January 28, 2003.

80 Kathleen T. Rhem, “State Department: Terrorist Attacks Down 44 Percent in 2002,” American Forces Press Service, April 30, 2003.

81 Transcript, “Release of the 2003 ‘Patterns of Global Terrorism’ Annual Report,” U.S. Department of State, April 29, 2004.

82 Transcript, “Rollout of ‘Patterns of Global Terrorism 2003’ Annual Report,” U.S. Department of State, April 29, 2004.

83 Alan B. Krueger and David Laitin, “Faulty Terror Report Card,” the Washington Post, May 17, 2004.

84 Ibid.

85 “Verbatim,” Time (Asia), July 5, 2004.

86 Cam Simpson ( Chicago Tribune ), “Corrected Report Shows 2003 Terror Attacks the Highest in 2 Decades,” Knight Ridder/Tribune Business News , June 23, 2004.

87 Alan B. Krueger and David Laitin, “Faulty Terror Report Card,” the Washington Post, May 17, 2004.

88 Transcript, “Ambassador J. Cofer Black, Coordinator, Office of the Coordinator for Counterterrorism Foreign Press Center Briefing,” U.S. Department of State, April 29, 2004.

89 Barry Schweid, “Revised State Department Report Shows Rise in Terror Incidents Worldwide,” Associated Press, June 23, 2004.

90 Author copy of letter.

91 Paul Krugman, “White House Claims on Terrorism Don’t Add Up,” International Herald Tribune, June 26, 2004.

92 Salamander Davoudi, “US Re-Releases Flawed Global Terror Report,” Financial Times, June 23, 2004.

93 Paul Krugman, “White House Claims on Terrorism Don’t Add Up,” International Herald Tribune , June 26, 2004.

94 Barry Schweid, “Revised State Department Report Shows Rise in Terror Incidents Worldwide,” Associated Press, June 23, 2004.

95 Ibid.

96 Ann Scott Tyson and Dana Priest, “Pentagon Seeking Leeway Overseas; Operations Could Bypass Envoys,” the Washington Post, February 24, 2005.

97 “US Supplies Three Patrol Ships to Boost Olympic Security,” Agence France-Presse, June 26, 2004.

98 Ibid.

99 BlackwaterUSA.com, captured November 30, 2006.

100 “Blackwater’s Top Brass,” the Virginian-Pilot, July 24, 2006.

101 Transcript, “Hearing of the International Terrorism, Nonproliferation and Human Rights Subcommittee of the House International Relations Committee,” April 1, 2004.

102 Ibid.

103 Blackwater Tactical Weekly, May 17, 2004.

104 Paul Wiseman, “The Hunt for Bin Laden: Dragnet Snares Many of His Men, But Terrorist Kingpin Still at Large,” USA Today, September 10, 2004.

105 “US State Department Counter-Terrorism Chief Resigns,” AFX News, November 7, 2004.

106 Douglas Jehl, “Officials Won’t Be Disciplined for Actions Before Sept. 11,” the New York Times, October 6, 2005.

107 John B. Roberts II, “Chinese Mole Hunt at CIA; Agency Keeps Human-Intelligence Apparatus, Barely,” the Washington Times, October 14, 2005.

108 Blackwater USA Press Release, “Ambassador Cofer Black Becomes Vice-Chairman at Blackwater USA,” February 4, 2005.

109 The Black Group Web site, www.blackgroupllc.com/services.html, captured November 30, 2006.

110 The Black Group Web site, www.blackgroundllc.com/about.html, captured November 30, 2006.

111 The Black Group Web site, www.blackgroupllc.com/contact.html, captured November 30, 2006.

112 The Black Group Web site, www.blackgroupllc.com/, captured November 30, 2006.

CHAPTER 17

1 Transcript, “President Bush Discusses Early Transfer of Iraqi Sovereignty,” www.whitehouse.gov, June 28, 2004.

2 L. Paul Bremer III, My Year in Iraq, p. 395.

3 Transcript, “President Bush Discusses Early Transfer of Iraqi Sovereignty,” www.whitehouse.gov, June 28, 2004.

4 Scott Shane, “Poker-Faced Diplomat, Negroponte Is Poised for Role as Spy Chief,” the New York Times, March 29, 2005.

5 Ibid.

6 Carla Anne Robbins, “Negroponte Has Tricky Mission: U.S. Diplomat Is at Center of Debate Over Power of Iraq Envoy, the Wall Street Journal, April 27, 2004.

7 Jay Hancock, Gary Cohn, and Tom Bowman, “Contra-era Envoy Nominated to Be U.N. Ambassador; Diplomat Helped Hide Honduran Abuses from Congress in ’80s; Vocal Supporters, Critics,” the Baltimore Sun, March 7, 2001; Michael Dobbs, “Papers Illustrate Negroponte’s Contra Role; Newly Released Documents Show Intelligence Nominee Was Active in U.S. Effort,” the Washington Post, April 12, 2005; Robert Parry, “Negroponte’s Dark Past: The Case Against Bush’s New Intelligence Czar,” In These Times, March 28, 2005.

8 Jay Hancock, Gary Cohn, and Tom Bowman, “Contra-era Envoy Nominated to Be U.N. Ambassador; Diplomat Helped Hide Honduran Abuses from Congress in ’80s; Vocal Supporters, Critics,” the Baltimore Sun, March 7, 2001.

9 Scott Shane, “Poker-Faced Diplomat, Negroponte Is Poised for Role as Spy Chief,” the New York Times, March 29, 2005.

10 Carla Anne Robbins, “Negroponte Has Tricky Mission: U.S. Diplomat Is at Center of Debate Over Power of Iraq Envoy, the Wall Street Journal, April 27, 2004.

11 Ibid.

12 “Honduras Rushes to Pull Out Troops,” www.CNN.com, April 20, 2004.

13 Wil Haygood, “Ambassador With Big Portfolio: John Negroponte Goes to Baghdad With a Record of Competence, and Controversy,” the Washington Post, June 21, 2004.

14 Tyler Marshall, “Operation Limited Freedom: The U.S. Embassy in Baghdad Is a Hub of ‘Extreme Diplomacy.’ All Moves Are Scripted, and There’s Even a Hostage Negotiator on Site,” the Los Angeles Times, January 22, 2005.

15 Transcript, Democracy Now! April 27, 2004.

16 Jeremy Scahill, “Mercenary Jackpot,” The Nation, August 28, 2006.

17 Michael Hirsh and John Barry, “‘The Salvador Option’: The Pentagon May Put Special-Forces-Led Assassination or Kidnapping Teams in Iraq,” Newsweek (Web exclusive), January 8, 2005.

18 Ibid.

19 Transcript, “Joint Media Availability With U.S. Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld and Russian Defense Minister Sergey Ivanov Following Their Meeting,” Department of Defense Briefing, January 11, 2005.

20 Greg Jaffe, “Bands of Brothers—New Factor in Iraq: Irregular Brigades Fill Security Void—Jailed by Hussein, Gen. Thavit Is Leading Thousands Now; Questions About Loyalty—‘Toughest Force We’ve Got,’” the Wall Street Journal, February 16, 2005.

21 Ibid.

22 Ibid.

23 Ibid.

24 Peter Maass, “The Way of the Commandos,” The New York Times Magazine, May 1, 2005.

25 Ibid.

26 Ibid.

27 Michael Hirsh and John Barry, “‘The Salvador Option’: The Pentagon May Put Special-Forces-Led Assassination or Kidnapping Teams in Iraq,” Newsweek (Web exclusive), January 8, 2005.

28 Ibid.

29 Douglas Jehl and Elisabeth Bumiller, “Bush Picks Longtime Diplomat for New Top Intelligence Job,” the New York Times, February 18, 2005.

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