Niall Ferguson - Kissinger, Volume 1

U.S. missiles based in, 547–48, 550, 552–54, 556, 557, 558, 567

Turkey, Republic of, 38

Turner Joy, USS, 612

25th Infantry Division, U.S., 684

Twining, Nathan F., 379, 450

U-2 spy planes, 347, 444, 450, 523, 526, 548, 549, 550, 552

U-boats, 135

Uerdingen, Germany, 155, 156

Ugly American, The (Lederer and Burdick), 410

Ulam, Adam, 288–90, 324–25, 405

Ulbricht, Walter, 496

Ullmann, Liv, 14

Ullstein, Leopold, 44

Uncertainty Principle, Heisenberg’s, 274

UN Disarmament Committee, 343

UN General Assembly, 247, 347

Unger, Leonard, 636, 661, 680, 707

unions and workers’ association, 42, 84

United Arab Republic, 415

Soviet arms deals with, 521–22

United Fruit Company, 411

United Kingdom (U.K.), 254, 301

as “balancer” of international power, 306, 318

nuclear weapons of, 526–27, 535, 539, 566

opposition to Vietnam War in, 706–7

in Suez Crisis, 380–81

U.S. relations with, 704

United Nations (UN), 29, 260, 348, 630, 631, 677

Security Council of, 247

Universal Declaration of Human Rights of, 260

Vietnam peace negotiations and, 671

United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration, 210

United States (U.S.):

armed intervention by, 24–25

Chinese relations with, 746–47, 817–18, 851, 860, 873

crime in, 85

Czechoslovakian relations with, 745

declining prestige of, 530

as empire, 21, 24, 30

foreign policy of, see foreign policy, U.S.

French relations with, 527–28, 704, 713

HAK’s early impressions of, 106–7

isolationism in, 112–13

1937 recession in, 83

in nuclear arms race, see arms race

nuclear superiority of, 547–48, 558, 565–66

prewar culture of, 85–87

racism in, 83–84, 410, 844

and role of power “balancer,” 318, 321–22, 338

Soviet relations with, 818, 851; see also Cold War

Soviet war with, seen as inevitable by HAK, 315–16, 319–20

U.K. relations with, 704

in Vietnam War, see Vietnam War

West German relations with, 704

United States Information Agency (USIA), 409, 524

“Unsolved Problems of European Defense, The” (Kissinger), 537–39

Untergang des Abendlandes, Der (Spengler), 237–38

Untold History of the United States (Stone and Kuznick), 8

U.S. News & World Report, 574–75

V-2 rocket, 195, 196

Vance, Cyrus, 792, 813, 815, 816, 860

Van Wagenen, Richard W., 376

VE Day, 177

Velvet Underground, 751

Venezuela, 622

Versailles, Treaty of (1919), 38, 51, 124, 127, 288, 306, 498 n

Vienna:

Allied occupation of, 172

1961 summit in, 491

Vietcong, 585, 586, 588, 592, 594, 596, 599–600, 602, 614, 624, 626, 630, 632, 634, 635, 636, 637, 642, 645, 646, 650, 651, 653–54, 662, 668, 677, 683, 685, 737, 786, 787, 798, 812, 813

areas controlled by, 648, 649–51, 652–54, 662, 663, 679, 681, 682, 683, 688, 822, 839

defections from, 689–90

North Vietnamese relations with, 744

peace negotiations and, 640, 652–53, 673–74, 679, 757

tactics of, 667–68, 683

Viet Minh, 733

Vietnam, 22, 409, 509, 563

disparity between U.S. and, 581–82

reunification of, 632, 653

Vietnamese:

American prejudice toward, 651

HAK on, 652

“Viet Nam Negotiations, The” (Kissinger), 838–43

Vietnam War, 15, 25, 32, 35, 575–76, 577, 581–690, 703, 810, 840, 865, 872

African Americans in, 844

antiwar movement and, 629, 670, 751–52, 775, 776, 780, 787, 788, 811

army’s call for more troops and bombing in, 675, 680–81

bombing of North Vietnam in, 614, 615, 632, 643, 653, 655, 674, 732, 737, 742, 748, 750, 753, 755–56, 758, 759–60, 764–65, 769–70, 772–74, 792, 811, 812–13, 821, 825–26, 828–29, 832

bombing pauses in, 632–33, 676–77, 848

bureaucracy and, 663

CIA in, 650–51, 662, 681, 682

as civil war, 638–39

consequences of unilateral U.S. withdrawal in, 841–42

domino theory and, 617, 621

escalation of, 613–17, 623, 627, 751

Fairbank and, 630–31

flexible response strategy and, 582–83, 587

France and, 676, 703, 704–5, 723–24, 735

Gulf of Tonkin incident in, 611–13

HAK as Lodge’s consultant on, 624–25, 633–34, 637–44, 660–62, 680, 684, 688

HAK on, 574, 583–84, 587–88, 599–600, 631, 637–39, 643–44, 662–66, 667–69, 687–88, 797–99, 838–43

lack of coherent U.S. strategy in, 582–83, 614, 615–16, 633–37, 659, 668, 839, 873

North Vietnamese troops in, 611, 649, 651, 655

People’s Republic of China and, 615, 629, 630–31, 643

public support for, 811–12

as regionwide conflict, 602

Rockefeller and, 588–89, 593–94, 599–600, 817

self-determination and, 625, 633

Soviet Union and, 735, 739–40

as test of U.S. willingness to confront Communism, 586–87, 592, 599–600, 672, 687–88

Tet Offensive in, 733, 752–53, 754, 780–81, 782, 786, 787, 810, 811, 812, 814–15

U.K. opposition to, 706–7

U.S. Army’s optimistic portrayal of, 649–50, 662

U.S. domestic politics and, 615–16, 770–71, 775

U.S. objectives in, 641, 642, 671, 734–35

Vietcong in, see Vietcong

West Germany and, 707–8, 712–13

Vietnam War, secret peace negotiations in, 625, 678, 685, 706, 735, 740–41, 742, 749–50, 754, 757, 759, 775, 796, 865

Bo in, see Mai Van Bo

bombing cessation as condition for, 743, 744–45, 749, 753, 756

Czechoslovakia and, 738–40

HAK in, 628–29, 637–38, 673–74, 678–79, 729–30, 732–33, 734–35, 754–71, 795, 814

HAK’s alleged leaks about, 791–97, 833

Harvard-MIT seminar discussion of, 626, 628–31

Johnson administration and, 732–33

lack of coherent U.S. strategy in, 841

MARIGOLD in, 732, 741

MAYFLOWER in, 632–33

North-South communication in, 655, 685

North Vietnamese conditions for, 673, 677–78, 762, 764–65, 769–70

North Vietnamese goals in, 632, 677, 749, 758

North Vietnamese intransigence and duplicity in, 733, 738, 743–44, 747, 749–50, 752, 753, 760–62, 764–66, 768, 773, 774, 778, 781, 784–85

PACKERS in, 781

PENNSYVLANIA in, 732, 753–82

“Phase A — Phase B” proposal in, 741, 748, 754, 756

South Vietnamese fears about, 652–53, 655

Soviet Union and, 782–83

SUNFLOWER in, 741, 748

Taylor’s “blue chips” proposal for, 678, 679

UN and, 671

U.S. conditions for, 673–74, 677–78, 686, 749, 758–59, 764–65

U.S. goals in, 672

U.S. objectives in, 677

Vietcong and, 640, 652–53, 673–74, 679, 757

see also Paris peace talks

Vietnam Workers Party, 611

Villa, Pancho, 130

violence, global, 29–30

Vogt, John W., 643, 644

Völkische Bloc, 56

Volkssturm (German militia), 155, 162

Vo Nguyen Giap, 753

Voting Rights Act, 613, 615

Vu Huu Binh, 677

Wagner, Robert, 91

Waiting for Godot (Beckett), 731–32, 754

Walkowicz, Theodore, 392

Wallace, George, 7, 576 n

in 1968 elections, 844–45

Wallace, Henry, 252

Wallace, Mike, HAK interviewed by, 411–17, 437, 870–71

Wallenstein, Albrecht von, 40

Wallenstein, Jules, 68

Waltz, Kenneth, 406

Wangersheimer, Hans, 69

Ward, Chester, 7

Warhol, Andy, 751, 787

Warren, Robert Penn, 230 n

Warren, Shields, 350

wars:

conventional vs. guerrilla, 839–40, 873