Niall Ferguson - Kissinger, Volume 1

massive retaliation in, 332, 335, 337, 344–45, 348, 353, 362, 363, 369–70, 378, 412–13

nonproliferation and, 714–15

risk of all-out war in, 367–69

scientists and, 348

Soviet surprise attack and, 445, 446, 450, 465

Truman and, 344

see also Council on Foreign Relations, HAK at

nuclear weapons, 348

arms race and, see arms race

CFR study group on, 350–53

as deterrent, 336

in limited war, see limited nuclear war

proliferation of, 9–10, 451, 481, 490, 530, 714–16, 723, 737, 837

public aversion to use of, 448

Soviet fear of U.S. superiority in, 352

submarine-based, 393, 404, 464, 516 n, 533–34

tactical, 335–36, 340, 346–47, 351, 353, 356–57, 384, 393, 447, 525, 538, 540, 541, 549, 556, 567

test ban on, see test ban, on nuclear weapons

testing of, 574

U.S. military’s dependence on, 351, 352

U.S.’s early monopoly on, 342

Nuclear Weapons and Foreign Policy (Kissinger), 21, 364, 365–73, 387, 392, 393, 394, 400, 405, 406, 429, 506, 538, 721, 801, 855, 868, 869

Eisenhower defense policy critiqued in, 368, 369–70, 372, 378, 384

limited war and, 21, 235, 341, 351–52, 356–57, 362–63, 377–78

nuclear war as depicted in, 369, 375, 377–78

public reaction to, 372, 373–79

theory of lesser evils in, 372–73

Nuremberg, Germany, 39, 41, 42, 53, 56, 64, 74

Allied bombing of, 78

Nazi rallies in, 62–63

Nuremberg Laws, 65, 67

Nuremberg war crimes trial, 191

Nye, Joseph, 403

Nyerere, Julius, 562

Oberammergau, Germany, 191–92, 201, 211, 271

Messerschmitt rocket facility in, 195

Passion Play of, 194–95, 197

U.S. Intelligence School at, 191, 197–200

Observer, 193

occupation, military, problems encountered in, 267–68

Oder-Neisse line, 451, 498, 504, 529, 710–11

Oder River, 170, 171

O’Donnell, Peter, 597

Office of Defense Mobilization, 260

Office of Policy Coordination (OPC), 264

Office of Production Management, 263

Office of Strategic Services (OSS), 114, 130, 178, 258

Psychological Warfare Division of, 159

Ohrdruf concentration camp, 172

Okinawa, 255

116th Panzer Divison, 144

On the Beach (Shute), 369

On Thermonuclear War (Kahn), 369

On War (Clausewitz), 583

Operations Coordinating Board (OCB), 354

Operations Research Office (ORO), 266–67, 271, 356

HAK as consultant to, 266–68, 272

HAK’s Korean mission for, 267–68

Oppenheim, Walt, 107, 108–10

Oppenheimer, J. Robert, 257–58, 330, 343, 351, 365, 375 n

Nuclear Weapons and Foreign Policy praised by, 373–74

as victim of McCarthy witch hunt, 348

Oppenheimer, Max and Alice, 96

Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, 262, 721

Ormsby-Gore, David, 427

ORO, see Operations Research Office (ORO)

Ortega y Gasset, José, 229

Orwell, George, 193, 249

Osgood, Robert E., 340, 374

Ostpolitik, 703, 708–11

Oswald, Lee Harvey, 575

Ottoman Empire, 38, 308

Overhage, Carl, 406

Overlord, Operation, 130, 133

Owen, Henry, 492, 570

Oxford University, 212–13, 215, 230

Pace, Frank, 350

PACKERS peace initiative, 781

“Pact Between Mephistopheles and Faust, The” (Kraemer), 112

“pactitis,” 522, 523

Padelford, Norman, 629

Padover, Saul K., 159

Pakistan, 410, 617

HAK in, 519, 522–23

in Kashmir dispute with India, 522

Palestine, 50

British Mandate of, 70–71

partition of, 70–71

Palestine Liberation Organization, 37–38

Panama, U.S. invasion of, 25

Paperclip, Operation, 196

Pareto, Vilfredo, 229

Paris, 749, 754

secret peace talks in, see Vietnam War, secret peace negotiations in

student violence in, 814

Paris Peace Accords, 9

Paris peace talks, 791 n, 810, 828

HAK and, 796, 816

HAK on, 842–43

“honorable peace” as HAK’s goal in, 843

Nixon and, 829–30, 832, 851

North Vietnamese duplicity and intransigence in, 813, 814

South Vietnam and, 796, 810, 816, 832, 833, 841

U.S. goals in, 813

Park Chung Hee, 654

Partial Test Ban Treaty (1963), 574, 598

Pathet Lao, 37, 585

Patton, George S., 134, 153, 172

peace:

stability vs., 304–5

vindictive vs. magnanimous, 306–7

Peace (Aristophanes), 37, 878

“Peace, Legitimacy, and the Equilibrium (A Study of the Statesmanship of Castlereagh and Metternich” (Kissinger doctoral dissertation), see World Restored, A: Castlereagh, Metternich and the Problems of Peace, 1812–1822

peace movement, 471

peace offensive, Soviet, 320–21, 332, 333, 345

U.S. and, 354–55

Pearl Harbor, 178, 234

Japanese attack on, 113

Pearson, Drew, 608

Peel Commission, 70–71

Peirce, Charles Sanders, 214

Pelley, William Dudley, 92

Peloponnesian War, 878

Peloponnesian War (Thucydides), 406

Pennsylvania, University of, 330–31

Foreign Policy Research Institute at, 262

PENNSYLVANIA peace initiative, 732, 753–82

Pension “Friedenshöhe,” 201

Pentagon Papers, 811

People’s History of the United States (Zinn), 8

People’s Party, German, 39, 42, 59

Percy, Charles, 455

Perfume River, 648

Perkins, Roswell “Rod,” 433, 442, 446, 456, 509, 511, 599, 601

“Perpetual Peace” (Kant), 238, 240, 242

Persico, Joseph, 820 n

Péter, János, 676

Pettee, George, 322–23, 334, 356

Pham Ngoc Thach, 756

Pham Van Dong, 678, 734, 741, 742, 744, 749, 756–58

Pham Xuan Chieu, 654

Phan Huy Quat, 654–55

“Phase A — Phase B” peace proposal, 741, 748, 754, 756

Phi Beta Kappa, 214, 228, 236, 246, 624

Philadelphia Inquirer, 394

Philippines, 255, 409

Hukbalahap insurgency in, 664

Phnom Penh, Cambodia, 705, 749

Phoumi Nosavan, 585

Phu, Dien Bien, 332, 335, 409 n, 667, 677

Pink Floyd, 751

Piper at the Gates of Dawn, The (album), 751

Pius, Henry, 166

Planning Coordination Group, 360

Plato, 28, 230

Pleiku, Vietnam, 646, 648–50, 651

Plei Me, 649, 651

Pliyev, Issa, 556

Plot Against America, The (Roth), 92

pluralism, 215, 231–32, 452

Poland, 368

Polaris missiles, 554–55, 565–66

“Policymaker and the Intellectual, The” (Kissinger), 421–23

Policy Planning Staff, State Department, 255, 322, 509

Political Economy of American Foreign Policy, The (Woodrow Wilson Foundation), 262

Political Science Quarterly, 449

politics, statesmanship vs., 728–29, 808–9

Politics Among Nations (Morgenthau), 374, 406

Pol Pot, 22

Pompidou, George, 814, 833

Porter, William, 662

Possony, Stefan, 356, 377, 390

postcolonial world, 261, 409, 410, 414, 621, 837, 870

see also third world

Potsdam Conference (1945), 306

Powell, Anthony, 17

Powell, Enoch, 707, 787

Power and Policy (Finletter), 337

Powers, Dave, 553

Powers, Gary, 444

Prager, Fritz, 67

Pragmatic Revolt in Politics, The (Elliott), 230–31, 232

pragmatism, 214–15, 217, 230–31, 496–98, 509, 513, 562, 569, 575, 870, 876

Prague, Czechoslovakia, 23, 42, 253–54, 737–38

Prague Spring, 740

Pravda, 284

Presidential Medal of Freedom, 9

Presidential Power (Neutstadt), 475