Robert Service - Stalin - A Biography

Bulgakov, Mikhail: decline and death; The Days of the Turbins ; The Master and Margarita

Bulganin, Marshal Nikolai: and women; membership of Politburo; beard; Stalin suspects of conspiracy; in Presidium; fears Stalin’s disfavour; Stalin entertains; and Stalin’s stroke

Bulgaria: Soviet demands on; in eastern bloc; monarchy removed; communist dominance in

Bulletin of the Opposition (Trotski’s)

Catherine II (the Great), Empress of Russia

Caucasian Bureau

Caucasus: ethnic and national problems in; grain shortages; famine

Central Committee: Stalin elected to; expanded; Zinoviev seeks to return to; and Lenin’s revolutionary demands; pre-October revolution meetings; reluctance to negotiate separate peace in First World War; Lenin seeks control of; disagreements in; reorganisation and composition; joint meetings with Central Control Commission; plenum sanctions attack on Bukharin; International Department; and succession to Stalin

Central Control Commission: organisation and composition; Stalin controls

Charkviani, Kote

Chavchavadze, Ilya

Chayanov, Alexander

Cheka (Extraordinary Commission for the Struggle with Counterrevolution and Sabotage): formed; control of

Chernov, Viktor

Chervenkov, Valko

Chiang Kai-shek

Chiaureli, Mikhail

Chicherin, Georgi

Chichinadze, Zakaria

Chikobava, Arnold

China: Soviet relations with; Japan invades; and Soviet entry into war against Japan; communists seize power in; treaty with USSR (1945); economic dependence on USSR; as rival to USSR; intervention in Korean War; potential war with USA; rift with Khrushchëv’s USSR; Stalin’s posthumous reputation in

Chinese Communist Party

Chkheidze, Nikolai

Chkhenkeli, Akaki

Chou En-lai

Chukovski, Kornei

Churchill, (Sir) Winston: warns Stalin of German invasion of USSR; condemns Nazi atrocities; Stalin entertains; meets Stalin at Tehran; broadcasts; view of Stalin; offers wartime assistance to USSR; wartime travels; relations with Stalin; ‘percentages agreement’ with Stalin in Moscow (1944); and post-war European settlement; at Yalta Conference; and Soviet inaction during Warsaw rising; and prospective capture of Berlin; at Potsdam Conference; loses 1945 election and premiership; Stalin’s regard for; Stalin accuses of resentfulness; Fulton ‘iron curtain’ speech; commitments to Stalin; speeches reproduced in Moscow; sends condolences on Stalin’s death

cinema: Stalin’s interest in

Circle, Operation

Civil War (1918–19)

Cold War: beginnings; intensifies; causes budgetary strains

collectivisation: peasant deaths under; Stalin introduces; and tractor supply; spread of; percentage of households in; of Cossacks; resistance to; of Kazakhs and Ukrainaians; post-war in eastern Europe

Comecon (Council for Mutual Economic Assistance): formed

Cominform (Informational Bureau): First Conference (1947); hostility to; Second Conference (1948)

Comintern (Communist International): formed; and proposed German rising; in Asia; expansion; and China; Sixth Congress (July 1928); and Stalin’s European policy; Stalin dominates1; Dimitrov appointed to head Executive Committee; campaign against ‘rightism’; and German threat; Stalin criticises for being over-centralised; and Spanish Civil War; purged; and Chinese Communist Party; weakness; dissolved

communism: weakness outside USSR; as worldwide movement; post-war spread; in east European countries

concentration camps; see also Gulag

Congress of Peoples of the Terek (1920)

Congress of Soviets: Second (1917); Third (1918)

Congress of Writers, First (1934)

Conquest, Robert

Constitutional-Democratic Party (Kadets): organisation and doctrines; in Provisional Government; leaves Provisional Government; Stalin attacks; ceases political activity

Cossacks: in Civil War; Stalin’s hostility to; in Caucasus; collectivisation

Council of Ministers ( formerly Sovnarkom),

Council of People’s Commissars see Sovnarkom

Crimea: in war with Germany

culture: Stalin’s attitude to and interest in

‘curators’

Curzon, George Nathaniel, Marquess,

Curzon Line

Czechoslovakia: Stalin woos; Germany annexes; hostility to USSR; and Marshall Aid; communist weakness in; democratic tradition; communists achieve dominance in

Darien (Dalni)

Dashnaks

Davitashvili, M.

Davrishevi, Damian

Davrishevi, Joseph

Davydov (Georgian police agent)

Deborin, Abram

Democratic Centralists

Democratic State Conference (1917)

Denikin, General Anton

Department of Agitation and Propaganda (Central Committee)

Deutscher, Isaac

Dimitrov, Georgi: flatters Stalin; Stalin appoints to head Executive Committee of Comintern; and Nazi threat; and Stalin’s foreign policy; and treatment of foreign communist parties; and abolition of Comintern; as Prime Minister of Bulgaria; and Stalin’s underestimation of China

Diomidis, Alexandros

Djilas, Milovan

doctors (medical): purged

Doctors Plot

Dolgoruki, Prince Yuri

Don Basin: seized by Germans

Dostoevski, Fedor

Dubrovinski, Innokenti

Duclos, Jacques

Dukhobors (religious sect)

Duma (State): proposed; socialist contingent in; Mensheviks exploit; Fourth; dispersed (February 1917)

Dzeradze, Mikhail

Dzhibladze, Silva

Dzhughashvili family

Dzhughashvili, Besarion (Vissarion; Stalin’s father): and Stalin’s birth and childhood; violence; and Stalin’s schooling; death; Stalin’s attitude to

Dzhughashvili, Ketevan (née Geladze; Stalin’s mother; ‘Keke’): and Stalin’s birth; marriage; character and rumoured profligacy; and Stalin’s upbringing and education; works as seamstress; Stalin’s attachment to; Stalin’s separation from; refuses to move to Moscow; Stalin visits; mentioned in Pravda

Dzhughashvili, Ketevan (née Svanidze; Stalin’s first wife): Stalin courts and marries; birth of son; death

Dzhughashvili, Yakob (Stalin’s son by Ketevan): birth; fostered by inlaws at mother’s death; Stalin’s separation from; Stalin visits as youth; home life with Stalin and Nadya; attempted suicide; as prisoner-of-war; shot by Germans

Dzhugheli, Severian

Dzierzyński, Felix: Stalin attacks on national question; employs state terror methods; co-writes report with Stalin on party/state institutions; in Lenin’s Testament; and Lenin’s health decline; at Lenin’s funeral; as head of GPU; and threat of rival parties; relations with Stalin; and Stalin’s vengefulness

Eastman, Max

Eden, Anthony

Egnatashvili, Yakob

Ehrenburg, Ilya

Eisenhower, General Dwight D.

Eismont, Nikolai

Eizenshtein, Sergei

El-Registan, Garold

Emancipation Edict (1861)

Engels, Friedrich

Enukidze, Abel

Eristavi, Count Rapael

Eshba, Yefrem

Estonia: revolutionary unrest in; resists Soviet expansionism; as Soviet republic; reclaims independence; Stalin demands and occupies; Germans conquer; reannexed by USSR; Stalin’s post-war aims in; armed resistance in; deportations from; see also Baltic states

Ethiopia

Europe: post-war settlement negotiated; east under Soviet control; Marshall Aid for; economic policy in east; national independence in east; effect of Khrushchëv’s Stalin denunciation in east

Fadeev, Alexander; The Young Guard

famines,

Fascism

Finland: hostility to Russia; self-rule proposed for; secedes from Russia (1918); as potential invader of USSR; Soviet war with (1939–40)

Five-Year Plans: First; Second

forced labour; see also Gulag; labour camps