Andrew Nagorski - Hitlerland

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Hitlerland: краткое содержание, описание и аннотация

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Hitler’s rise to power, Germany’s march to the abyss, as seen through the eyes of Americans—diplomats, military, expats, visiting authors, Olympic athletes—who watched horrified and up close. By tapping a rich vein of personal testimonies,
offers a gripping narrative full of surprising twists—and a startlingly fresh perspective on this heavily dissected era. Some of the Americans in Weimar and then Hitler’s Germany were merely casual observers, others deliberately blind; a few were Nazi apologists. But most slowly began to understand the horror of what was unfolding, even when they found it difficult to grasp the breadth of the catastrophe.
Among the journalists, William Shirer, Edgar Mowrer, and Dorothy Thompson were increasingly alarmed. Consul General George Messersmith stood out among the American diplomats because of his passion and courage. Truman Smith, the first American official to meet Hitler, was an astute political observer and a remarkably resourceful military attaché. Historian William Dodd, whom FDR tapped as ambassador in Hitler’s Berlin, left disillusioned; his daughter Martha scandalized the embassy with her procession of lovers from her initial infatuation with Nazis she took up with. She ended as a Soviet spy.
On the scene were George Kennan, who would become famous as the architect of containment; Richard Helms, who rose to the top of the CIA; Howard K. Smith, who would coanchor the
. The list of prominent visitors included writers Sinclair Lewis and Thomas Wolfe, famed aviator Charles Lindbergh, the great athlete Jesse Owens, newspaper publisher William Randolph Hearst, and black sociologist and historian W.E.B. Dubois.
Observing Hitler and his movement up close, the most perceptive of these Americans helped their reluctant countrymen begin to understand the nature of Nazi Germany as it ruthlessly eliminated political opponents, instilled hatred of Jews and anyone deemed a member of an inferior race, and readied its military and its people for a war for global domination. They helped prepare Americans for the years of struggle ahead.

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Napoleon I, Emperor of France, 288, 311

Nation, 125

Naval Agreement (1935), 253

navy, German, 204, 253, 267

Nazi Dictatorship (Schuman), 145–49

Nazi Games: The Olympics of 1936 (Large), 191

Nazis, Nazi Party:

academic research on, 145–49

in coalition government, 75, 76–77, 89–90, 92–95, 104–6

Communists attacked by, 11, 21, 22, 23, 24, 35, 36, 61, 68, 70, 76, 79, 90, 94, 96, 98, 105, 109, 111, 116, 117, 142, 146, 147, 168–69, 197, 210–11, 229, 231–32, 250, 293, 295

in education, 72–73, 100

factions in, 76–77, 90, 93–94, 155–63, 164, 166–67, 180–81, 211–12

financial support for, 41, 91–93, 95

flags of, 72, 99, 109–10, 134, 164, 227

Heil Hitler greeting of, 134, 138, 153, 168, 178–79, 228, 249

leadership of, 4, 80, 98, 108, 117–18, 153–63, 164, 166, 170–71, 208–15, 274–75, 324; see also specific leaders

“martyrs” of, 43, 173, 242–43

moderate wing of, 76–77, 90, 93–94, 156

Munich as center of, 11, 23–25, 29, 41–46

mysticism in, 146, 164–65, 167–68, 173–74, 197

paramilitary forces of, 24, 25, 70–71, 81, 99–100, 108, 119–20; see also SA (Sturmabteilung) and SS (Schutzstaffel)

party congresses of, 4, 172–75, 176

political influence of, 20–29, 54–55, 64, 67–88, 90–97, 101–6, 118

popular support for, 1–8, 15–16, 71–80, 90–91, 144–49, 164–66

press coverage of, 24–25, 98, 102, 103–4

propaganda of, 25, 40–41, 82–83, 90–91, 98, 102, 103–4, 107, 108, 109–112, 134

rallies of, 71–72, 79, 90–91, 104, 113, 128–29, 190, 222, 227, 232, 233–34, 242–43, 288

Reichstag seats of, 54, 55, 71, 75–76, 90, 94, 95, 96–97, 101–2, 105–6, 118

salute of, 72, 109–10, 122, 138, 139–140, 145, 153, 157, 173, 178–79, 289–90

songs of, 71, 135, 233, 242–43, 289

student support for, 72–73, 79–80

uniforms of, 102, 103, 115, 197, 294

U.S. response to, 2, 3–5, 7, 8, 20–29, 32–46, 56, 60, 69, 80–81, 86, 89, 97–98, 111–12, 137–41, 210–11, 228–30, 252–55, 280–82, 289, 312–13, 316, 326–27

violent repression by, 99, 105, 108–20, 122–29, 141–60

see also Germany, Nazi

Nazi-Soviet Pact (1939), 260–61, 296

Netherlands, 199, 264, 285

Neuman, Hans, 263–65

Neurath, Konstantin von, 123, 137, 138

New Republic, 185

Newsweek, 6

New York American, 21, 68

New York Evening Post, 40, 55, 75

New York Herald Tribune, 200

New York Times, 167, 176, 273, 286

Nietzsche, Friedrich, 36

Night of the Long Knives, 155–63, 164, 166–67, 181, 211, 212, 215

NKVD, 217–19

Norway, 279–80, 284–85

Nuremberg, 4, 128–29, 134–36, 172–75, 190, 222, 223, 227, 232

Nuremberg Trials, 239, 248

Oberammergau, 164–65

Oechsner, Dorothy and Fred, 276–77

Of Time and the River (Wolfe), 184

Olympia, 195

Operation Barbarossa, 299–300

Operation Sealion, 298

Ossietzky, Carl von, 124

Otto (German journalist), 166–67

Owens, Jesse, 193–94

Papen, Franz von, 76, 89, 98, 158–60

Paris, 10, 47, 51–52, 53, 161–62, 163, 164, 167, 288, 289

Parsons, Marselis, 234

Pattern of Conquest (Harsch), 309

Patzak, Valentin, 318

Pearl Harbor attack (1941), 8, 309, 312–313

Perkins, Max, 184

Philadelphia Public Ledger, 40, 55, 73

Phillips, William, 215–16

Phipps, Eric, 140

Pihl, Charlotte, 305

Pihl, Paul, 305

Pius XII, Pope, 207

Plettl, Martin, 94

Plotkin, Abraham, 77–79, 90–91, 94, 108

Poland, 6–7, 80–81, 116, 151–52, 198, 217, 246, 248, 257–74, 284, 301, 325

Polish Army, 6–7, 267, 268

Polish Corridor, 80–81, 267

Portugal, 321–22, 326

Prague, 258, 295, 325, 326

Prenn, Daniel, 66

Press Club, 305–6

Propaganda Ministry, German, 109–10, 158, 262, 271, 272, 286, 293, 306, 307

prostitution, 73, 78, 192, 273, 274

Protocols of the Learned Elders of Zion, 60

racism, 17–18, 41, 78, 91–92, 189, 193–94

radio broadcasts, 271–72, 275, 279–80, 292–96, 305, 307–8, 319, 326

Raeder, Erich, 2, 4

Randolph, John, 223–24

Randolph, Margaret, 223–24

Rath, Anna, 135–36

Rathenau, Walter, 61

Raubal, Geli, 82–83

Rauschning, Hermann, 151

refugees, 6–7, 106–8, 110, 114, 125, 137, 227–28, 245–46, 263–65, 272, 296, 321

Reichenau, Walther von, 287

Reichsbank, 91, 104, 114–15

Reichstag, 48, 50, 54–55, 63, 64, 71, 75–76, 90, 94, 95, 96–97, 101–2, 105–6, 118, 119, 137, 253, 289, 312–13, 316

Reichstag fire (1933), 105, 106

Reichswehr, 23, 157, 163, 179, 226

Remarque, Erich Maria, 106, 107

Respondek, Erwin, 238–39

Reynolds, Quentin, 132–36

Rheinbabin, Rochus von, 197

Rhineland, 16–18, 199, 251–52

Rhine River, 16, 223, 272

Ribbentrop, Joachim von, 260, 265, 281–282, 284, 316

Riddleberger, James, 233

Riefenstahl, Leni, 195–96

Rise and Fall of the Third Reich, The (Shirer), 7, 293, 324–25

Robbins, Warren, 29

Rockefeller, John D., 62

Röhm, Ernst, 157–60, 161, 163, 164, 165

Romania, 298–99

Roosevelt, Franklin D., 31, 118–22, 137, 139, 142, 205, 209, 210–11, 217, 231, 236, 237, 246, 249, 251, 252, 281, 283–84, 293, 294, 298, 299, 305, 310, 313, 316, 326

Roosevelt, Nicholas, 32

Roosevelt, Theodore, 31

Roosevelt, Theodore, Jr., 31

Root, Elihu, 31

Roper, Daniel, 120

Rosenberg, Alfred, 25, 36, 153, 175

Rosenman, Samuel I., 191

Rote Kapelle (Red Orchestra), 296–98

Rousseau, Ted, 321

Royal Air Force (RAF), 272–73, 297, 298, 300–301

Royal Navy, 274, 284

Ruhr Valley, 16–18, 28, 139, 148

Russell, William, 262–67, 268, 272, 273, 275, 276, 277–80, 325

SA (Sturmabteilung), 24, 41, 42–43, 60, 70–71, 76, 99–100, 103, 104, 105, 106, 108–10, 113, 128, 134–36, 138, 139–40, 151, 152, 155–63, 164, 211, 238, 242–43, 264, 291–92

Sackett, Frederic M., 66–67, 80–81, 90, 93, 95, 105, 118–19

Sahm, Heinrich, 126

St. Germain, Treaty of, 237

Saint-Trond, 285–86

Sandburg, Carl, 130–31

San Francisco Examiner, 42

Saturday Evening Post, 83

Sayre, Francis B., 245

Schacht, Hjalmar, 91, 104, 114–15, 126

Scheubner-Richter, Max Erwin von, 25, 43, 323

Schirmer, Hans, 293

Schleicher, Kurt von, 76–77, 89–90, 93–95, 156, 158, 159, 166

Schleswig-Holstein, 267

Schmidt, Paul, 314

Schmidt, Willi, 167

Schröder, Kurt von, 94

Schulenburg, Friedrich Werner von der, 66

Schultz, Sigrid, 1–2, 3, 4, 18, 101, 158, 171–72, 231–32, 269–70, 271, 290–291, 299, 302, 303, 325

Schultze, Walter, 43

Schulze-Boysen, Harro, 297

Schuman, Frederick, 145–49

Schurman, Jacob Gould, 62–63

Schurz, Carl, 141–42

Schwimmer, Rosika, 60

Sedgwick, John, 30

Seherr-Thoss, Hermann, 231

Seherr-Thoss, Muriel White, 231

Service Cross of the German Eagle, 206–7

Shanke, Ed, 315–16, 319

Sherrill, Charles, 190, 191

Shirer, Tess, 161, 163, 226–27

Shirer, William, 7, 132, 161–64, 168, 171, 172–74, 192, 225–26, 241, 257–61, 265–66, 271–72, 274–77, 284, 285–88, 290, 293, 300, 301–2, 303, 308–9, 310, 324–25

Shuster, George, 125

Slutsky, Abram, 218

Smith, Henry Justin, 11, 22, 29, 32–33, 35

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