Andrew Nagorski - Hitlerland

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Hitlerland: краткое содержание, описание и аннотация

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Hitler’s rise to power, Germany’s march to the abyss, as seen through the eyes of Americans—diplomats, military, expats, visiting authors, Olympic athletes—who watched horrified and up close. By tapping a rich vein of personal testimonies,
offers a gripping narrative full of surprising twists—and a startlingly fresh perspective on this heavily dissected era. Some of the Americans in Weimar and then Hitler’s Germany were merely casual observers, others deliberately blind; a few were Nazi apologists. But most slowly began to understand the horror of what was unfolding, even when they found it difficult to grasp the breadth of the catastrophe.
Among the journalists, William Shirer, Edgar Mowrer, and Dorothy Thompson were increasingly alarmed. Consul General George Messersmith stood out among the American diplomats because of his passion and courage. Truman Smith, the first American official to meet Hitler, was an astute political observer and a remarkably resourceful military attaché. Historian William Dodd, whom FDR tapped as ambassador in Hitler’s Berlin, left disillusioned; his daughter Martha scandalized the embassy with her procession of lovers from her initial infatuation with Nazis she took up with. She ended as a Soviet spy.
On the scene were George Kennan, who would become famous as the architect of containment; Richard Helms, who rose to the top of the CIA; Howard K. Smith, who would coanchor the
. The list of prominent visitors included writers Sinclair Lewis and Thomas Wolfe, famed aviator Charles Lindbergh, the great athlete Jesse Owens, newspaper publisher William Randolph Hearst, and black sociologist and historian W.E.B. Dubois.
Observing Hitler and his movement up close, the most perceptive of these Americans helped their reluctant countrymen begin to understand the nature of Nazi Germany as it ruthlessly eliminated political opponents, instilled hatred of Jews and anyone deemed a member of an inferior race, and readied its military and its people for a war for global domination. They helped prepare Americans for the years of struggle ahead.

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blacks, 189, 190, 193–94

Blomberg, Werner von, 197

Boehmer, Karl, 286, 299

Boiling Point, The (Knickerbocker), 150–54

Bonn, Moritz, 114

Boston Herald, 31

Bouton, Betty, 98

Bouton, S. Miles, 61–62, 95–98, 99

Brandt, Karl, 114

Brecht, Bertolt, 10, 47, 106, 107

Breitmeyer, Arno, 190

Britain, Battle of, 297, 298, 300, 301

Broun, Heywood, 210

Brownshirts, see SA (Sturmabteilung)

Bruchman, R. C., 19

Brundage, Avery, 189, 190, 191, 193

Brüning, Heinrich, 64, 76, 85, 238

Brysac, Shareen Blair, 296–97

Bukhartsev (Soviet agent), 217–18

Bulgaria, 298–99

Bullitt, William, 237–38, 283

Bürgerbräukeller, 41–43

Carl Schurz Society, 141–42

Carr, Wilbur J., 29

Castle, William, 49

Catholic Church, 72, 76, 79, 122, 136, 142, 165, 167, 197, 209, 306

CBS, 132, 146, 225, 226–28, 241, 257, 258, 271–72, 286, 291, 301, 303, 307

Center Party, 64, 73, 76, 238

Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), 175, 325–26

Cercle Français, 298

Chamberlain, Neville, 225, 239, 240, 261, 289

Chancellery, 13, 115, 176–77, 211, 212, 228, 282

Chandler, Douglas, 294–96

Chandler, Laura, 295

Chicago, University of, 120, 121, 131, 137, 145, 217

Chicago Daily News, 4, 6, 11, 46, 52, 59, 73, 101, 269

Chicago Herald and Examiner, 56–57

Chicago Tribune, 1–2, 18, 101, 131, 158, 161, 171–72, 231, 290, 299

Christianity, 72, 76, 79, 122, 136, 142, 164–65, 167, 174, 197, 204, 209, 306

Christian Science Monitor, 270, 298, 309

Churchill, Winston S., 289, 301, 310, 313

Civil War, U.S., 139, 141

Coates, Paul, 263

Cohen, Harriet, 106–7

Cohn, Margarethe, 48

Columbia University, 15, 146, 147

Communism, 6, 11, 12–13, 21, 22, 23, 24, 35, 36, 58, 61, 68, 70, 74, 76, 79, 90, 94, 96, 98, 105, 109, 111, 116, 117, 121, 142, 146, 147, 150, 161, 166, 168–69, 197, 207, 210–11, 217–19, 229, 231–32, 250, 293, 295, 325

concentration camps, 29, 117, 123–24, 143, 180, 196, 213, 271, 290–91, 308

Congress, U.S., 17, 141–42, 168, 313, 321

Conquest, Robert, 6

Coolidge, Calvin, 49

Corwin, Norman, 79–80

Cosmopolitan, 83–84, 254

Cox, James M., 119

Crane, Charles R., 121

Crane, Sylvia, 180

Crocker, Harry, 176

Cuno, Wilhelm, 49

Cutler, Elliott Carr, 210

Czechoslovakia, 116, 225, 238–40, 246, 252, 254–55, 258, 261, 295, 325, 326

D’Abernon, Lord, 54

Dachau concentration camp, 29, 263, 264

Dahlberg, Edward, 109

Daladier, Edouard, 225, 239, 240

Dallek, Robert, 216

Danzi, Michael, 10–11, 56

Danzig, 151–52, 258, 259

Davis, Edward, 23

Davison, Harry, 204, 206

Dawes, Charles G., 50, 63

Dearborn Independent, 60

Delaney, Edward, 292–93, 295

Denmark, 271, 277, 279–80

De Profundis (Wilde), 307

Deuel, Wallace, 232, 245

de Vries, Carla, 192

Dieckhoff, Hans, 114, 128

Diels, Rudolf, 127–28, 180–81

Die Taverne restaurant, 122–23, 132, 181–82, 260, 305, 319

Dietrich, Marlene, 10

Dietrich, Otto, 283

Dilling, Elizabeth, 231–32

Dillon, Vivian, 61

Döblin, Alfred, 78

Dodd, Bill, 121, 134, 135, 136, 145, 156, 159

Dodd, Martha, 120–21, 130–36, 141, 155–56, 159–60, 177–85, 193, 209, 215, 217–19, 296, 325–26

Dodd, William E., 120–22, 126–27, 129, 135, 137–41, 156, 157, 159–60, 179, 180, 181, 190, 205, 209, 215–19, 234–35

Dollfuss, Engelbert, 158–59, 164

Drang nach Osten (“Drive to the East”), 225

Drey, Paul, 27–28, 43

Drottningholm, 322

Drummond-Hay, Lady, 57

Drummond-Hay, Robert Hay, 57

DuBois, W. E. B., 6, 193–94

Dyer, Jane, 278

East Prussia, 70–71, 259

Ebbutt, Norman, 136, 231

Eberstadt, Ferdinand, 63–64

Eddy, Sherwood, 141–43

Einstein, Albert, 10, 49

Elmer Gantry (Lewis), 56

Embassy, Soviet, 181–82

Embassy, U.S., 5, 7, 11–16, 49–50, 62–63, 70, 95, 103, 118–22, 159, 172, 199–200, 215–19, 230–41, 244, 245–46, 252, 253, 257, 260, 262–67, 276, 277–79, 296, 298, 300–301, 302, 303–4, 307, 312, 313, 316–22, 325

Enderis, Guido, 286

Europe, Central, 8, 93, 152, 298–99

Every Man Dies Alone (Fallada), 183

Experiment in International Living, 144

Express Poranny, 151

Facts of Life, The (Smith), 26

Fallada, Hans, 85, 182–83

Familienblatt, 122

Farrar, John, 83–84

fascism, 21, 22, 25, 26, 27, 106, 144–49

Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), 314

Flanner, Janet, 192

Flannery, Henry, 286, 291–92, 301, 303

Foe We Face, The (Huss), 309–10

Ford, Henry, 28, 41, 60–61

Foreign Affairs, 55, 113, 114, 115

Foreign Ministry, German, 107, 114, 123, 136, 179, 233, 272, 289, 293, 305, 314, 316, 317

Foreign Policy Association, 104, 110, 229

Foreign Press Association, 101, 122, 123, 126, 127, 128

“For the Best Personal Life History of an Adherent of the Hitler Movement,” 147–49

France:

appeasement policy of, 235, 239–40, 254–55

defeat of, 257, 287–88, 289

German relations with, 5, 80–81, 139, 140, 154, 171, 199–200, 217, 282, 283

military forces of, 80–81, 116

Polish invasion and, 261, 265, 266, 267, 269, 273

in World War II, 257, 261, 267, 272, 282

Frankfurt, 317, 319, 321

Freisler, Roland, 270

Frick, Wilhelm, 189

Friday, David, 63

Friedrich Wilhelm, Crown Prince, 18–19

Frodel, Captain, 213–14

Fromm, Bella, 65–67, 92–94, 105, 131–132, 142, 159, 162–63, 176–77, 205, 209–10

Furtwängler, Wilhelm, 47

Gandhi, Mohandas K., 161

Garmisch, 164–65

Gdynia, 259, 267

Geist, Raymond, 191

German Americans, 18–19, 29–32, 35, 38, 130, 141–42

German Expressionism, 47–48

German language, 14, 38, 62, 100, 104, 121, 122, 126, 141, 163, 242, 279

German Nationalists, 54, 55, 105–6

German Olympic Committee, 189

German-Polish nonaggression pact (1934), 253

Germany, Nazi:

agriculture in, 146, 312

arrests and imprisonments in, 54, 105, 106, 109, 110, 122–24, 125, 127–28, 156, 263–65, 271–72, 290–91, 296–298, 305–7, 313–22

Austrian unification, see Anschluss

birth rate of, 270, 291–92

bombing of, 224, 244–45, 292, 300–301, 320

book burnings in, 107, 147

British relations with, 69, 169, 217, 254, 256, 258, 261, 282, 283, 284

casualties of, 262, 268–69, 273, 301–2

censorship in, 226–28, 271–72, 284, 304–8, 318, 319–20

culture of, 10–11, 20, 46–53, 56, 65–67, 118, 145–49, 153–54, 162, 175–76, 308–9, 315–16

disillusionment with, 205–6, 221–25, 230–33, 244–46, 255

eastward expansion of, 225, 229, 237

economy of, 115, 137, 146, 166, 199, 224, 274, 290, 296, 312

executions in, 165, 297–98, 307

foreign visitors to, 222–25, 230–31, 241–46, 270–72

French relations with, 5, 80–81, 139, 140, 154, 171, 199–200, 217, 282, 283

international criticism of, 132–36, 141–154, 164–68, 171–72, 205–6, 231–32

military preparations of, 153–54, 196–207, 221–22, 230, 237–38, 246–51, 256–58, 261, 280–81, 327

morale in, 266–67, 269, 274–78, 280–281, 289–91, 301–2

nationalism in, 230–31

plebiscite in, 164, 169–70, 176

Poland invaded by, 80–81, 116, 151–52, 246, 248, 257–74, 284, 301

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