Andrew Nagorski - Hitlerland

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Hitlerland: краткое содержание, описание и аннотация

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Hitler’s rise to power, Germany’s march to the abyss, as seen through the eyes of Americans—diplomats, military, expats, visiting authors, Olympic athletes—who watched horrified and up close. By tapping a rich vein of personal testimonies,
offers a gripping narrative full of surprising twists—and a startlingly fresh perspective on this heavily dissected era. Some of the Americans in Weimar and then Hitler’s Germany were merely casual observers, others deliberately blind; a few were Nazi apologists. But most slowly began to understand the horror of what was unfolding, even when they found it difficult to grasp the breadth of the catastrophe.
Among the journalists, William Shirer, Edgar Mowrer, and Dorothy Thompson were increasingly alarmed. Consul General George Messersmith stood out among the American diplomats because of his passion and courage. Truman Smith, the first American official to meet Hitler, was an astute political observer and a remarkably resourceful military attaché. Historian William Dodd, whom FDR tapped as ambassador in Hitler’s Berlin, left disillusioned; his daughter Martha scandalized the embassy with her procession of lovers from her initial infatuation with Nazis she took up with. She ended as a Soviet spy.
On the scene were George Kennan, who would become famous as the architect of containment; Richard Helms, who rose to the top of the CIA; Howard K. Smith, who would coanchor the
. The list of prominent visitors included writers Sinclair Lewis and Thomas Wolfe, famed aviator Charles Lindbergh, the great athlete Jesse Owens, newspaper publisher William Randolph Hearst, and black sociologist and historian W.E.B. Dubois.
Observing Hitler and his movement up close, the most perceptive of these Americans helped their reluctant countrymen begin to understand the nature of Nazi Germany as it ruthlessly eliminated political opponents, instilled hatred of Jews and anyone deemed a member of an inferior race, and readied its military and its people for a war for global domination. They helped prepare Americans for the years of struggle ahead.

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press coverage in, 106–8, 109, 113–18, 122, 135–36, 188–96, 259, 260–61, 279, 301

propaganda in, 107, 123–24, 128, 145, 158, 171, 172–75, 188–96, 200–209, 224, 232–33, 259, 262–63, 269, 272, 274–75, 279–82, 284, 289–96, 301, 305, 306, 312

rationing in, 165, 257, 261, 271, 273, 275–77, 280, 290, 318

secret police in, 106, 109, 122, 163, 167–168, 171–72, 243–44; see also Gestapo

Soviet intelligence on, 181–84, 197, 296–98, 325–26

Soviet Union compared with, 150, 166, 182, 260, 274

Soviet Union invaded by, 66, 229, 291, 295, 297, 298–300, 309–12

surveillance in, 143–44, 171–72, 196–97, 269–70, 271, 276, 296–98, 305–7

U.S. apologists for, 292–96, 324

U.S. citizens attacked in, 109–10, 138, 139–40, 145

U.S. correspondents in, 1–2, 4, 6, 65–67, 73, 122–29, 132–34, 158, 163–68, 172–75, 208–9, 225–28, 269–71, 275, 284–85, 304–10, 313–22, 324–25

U.S. diplomats in, 113–14, 118–20, 137–41, 159–60, 196–207, 215–19, 230–35, 252–53, 275, 313–22

U.S. intelligence on, 196–207, 216, 246–251, 280–81, 298–99

U.S. relations with, 108–12, 118–22, 137–41, 166, 168–69, 181, 189–94, 200, 210–11, 215–19, 222–25, 230–238, 245–46, 252–53, 261, 280–81, 292, 326–27

in World War II, see World War II

see also Nazis, Nazi Party

Germany, Weimar, see Weimar Republic

Germany Puts the Clock Back (Mowrer), 100, 122, 251–52

Germany Will Try It Again (Schultz), 2, 291

Gestapo, 127–28, 156–57, 180–81, 263–265, 269–70, 280, 290–91, 296–98, 302–7, 314–16, 319, 322

Gibbs, Philip, 153–54

Gleiwitz, 262, 268

Goebbels, Joseph, 79, 90–91, 107, 118, 123, 160, 166, 179, 189, 211–12, 242, 249, 271, 279–80, 290, 293, 324

Goebbels, Magda, 179, 211

Goering, Emmy Sonnemann, 172, 202–3

Goering, Hermann, 43, 80, 150, 158, 166, 169, 172, 193, 200, 202–3, 205, 206–7, 214, 229, 242, 249, 265–66, 274–75, 283, 289, 324

Goldman, Henry, 111

Goldmann, Paul, 127–28

Goldschmidt, Major, 227

Gordon, George, 95

Graf Zeppelin, 56–58

Graszyn, 268–69

Great Britain:

appeasement policy of, 235, 239–40, 254–55

German relations with, 69, 169, 217, 254, 256, 258, 261, 282, 283, 284

Germany’s planned invasion of, 254, 256, 287, 298, 299

Polish invasion and, 257, 258, 260, 265, 266, 267, 269, 273

U.S. relations with, 2, 254, 274, 283, 284, 299, 310, 313

in World War II, 257, 258, 260, 266, 267, 272, 274, 282, 298, 299, 310, 313, 320, 326

Great Depression, 50, 63–67, 70, 77–78, 96, 118, 161, 220

Greece, 298–99

Grigg, Joseph, 268, 269

Groener, Wilhelm, 103

Grossman, Vasily, 312

Grosz, George, 10, 49

Gruenau, 316–17

Gunther, John, 40, 257–58

Haber, Fritz, 137

Hague Convention, 287

Halder, Franz, 239

Halpern, Benjamin, 210

Hamburg, 121, 122, 244, 274

Hanfstaengl, Egon, 37, 44, 46, 326

Hanfstaengl, Eric, 326

Hanfstaengl, Ernst “Putzi,” 29–39, 41–46, 80, 81–83, 86, 101–4, 110, 115, 117, 133–36, 141, 146, 175, 176–78, 179, 196, 208–15, 295, 313, 323–24, 326

Hanfstaengl, Helen (Helene) Niemeyer, 36–39, 43–46, 81–82, 212, 323–24, 326

Hanfstaengl, Katharine Sedgwick, 30

Hans (labor organizer), 77–78

Harnack, Arvid, 182, 218, 296–97

Harnack, Mildred, 182–83, 218, 296–98

Harsch, Joseph, 270–72, 275, 280–81, 289–90, 298, 303–4, 309

Harvard University, 29, 30–31, 33, 40–41, 86, 208, 210, 211, 222, 326

Haushofer, Karl von, 93

Hawley, Hudson, 135

Hearst, William Randolph, 18, 19, 21, 56–58, 163, 171, 175–77, 193, 208, 209, 254

Heath, Donald, 296, 300–301

Hecht, Ben, 11, 32, 52, 59–60

Hegger, Grace, 55–56

Heidelberg, 79–80, 143–44, 221, 224

Heidelberg University, 62

Heine, William, 30

Heines, Edmund, 157–58

Helms, Richard, 175, 194, 325–26

Hemingway, Ernest, 55, 107, 161

Henderson, Nevile, 261, 265

Heppler, Fritz, 303

Hess, Rudolf, 80, 242, 249

Himmler, Heinrich, 170, 242, 315

Hindenburg, Paul von, 54–55, 75–76, 85, 93, 94–95, 97, 102, 104, 140, 157, 162, 164, 233

Hitler, Adolf, 43–44, 88, 169–70, 236

anti-Semitism of, 22, 24, 28, 33, 35, 37, 41, 60–61, 69, 85, 87, 96–101, 111–112, 149–50, 151, 225, 229, 250, 254, 310

Armstrong’s interview with, 114–18

arrest and imprisonment of, 34, 45–46, 53–55, 68, 81, 84, 97, 148, 323–24

assassination plots against, 170, 174, 238–40, 249, 323

background of, 21–22, 24, 36, 54, 82–83, 85, 87, 88, 174–75, 236

Beer Hall Putsch led by, 41–46, 53, 55, 68, 96, 104, 148, 157, 158, 173, 212, 242–43, 323–24

Berchtesgaden retreat of, 86–88

Berlin visited by, 3, 11, 84–85, 101, 104–105, 176–78

birthday of, 113, 115, 256

bodyguards of, 170, 174, 177, 192

as chancellor, 89–90, 94–106, 115–18, 146, 162–63

death of, 288, 323–24

as dictator, 3, 5, 6, 11, 22, 26, 71, 75–76, 84, 87–88, 90, 104–5, 114, 119–20, 138–39, 144–55, 162–63, 172–77, 205–6, 208, 220–22, 228–30, 232, 253–55, 265–66, 288, 308, 323–24

Dodd’s meetings with, 138–41, 215

economic programs of, 60, 68, 104–5, 115, 137, 146, 165–66

Hanfstaengl’s support for, 33, 34–39, 43–46, 81–83, 84, 86, 101–2, 115, 117, 176–78, 208–15, 313, 323–24, 326

Hearst’s meeting with, 175–77

Hoover’s meeting with, 228–30

Huss’s interviews with, 169–71, 309–10

ideology of, 21, 35–36, 37, 41, 53–54, 60, 95, 97, 100–101, 111–12

Iron Cross awarded to, 42, 236

at Kaiserhof Hotel, 84–85, 101, 177–78

Kaltenborn’s interview with, 86–88

Kindlkeller speech of, 33, 34–36

Lebensraum policy of, 93, 237, 250

as “Little Man,” 85, 97, 100, 167–68

McDonald’s meeting with, 111–12

messianic adulation of, 149, 153, 164–65, 167–68, 173–74, 192, 197, 204, 288

militarism of, 119–20, 125, 140, 152–54, 252–55, 327

military offensives of, 251–55, 261, 265–66, 267, 279–82, 284–88, 289, 298–300, 309–12

military service of, 21–22

monologues of, 80–81, 85, 87–88, 96, 115–18, 138–39, 228–29, 230

in Munich, 3, 20–29, 33–39, 40, 41–46, 67–70, 92, 140–41

as Nazi leader, 3–4, 20–29, 32–33, 41–46, 53–55, 73, 74–77, 80–81, 87–95, 100, 119–20, 127, 141, 142, 149, 162, 169, 172–75, 208, 242–43, 265–66, 275, 288, 305, 323–24

at Nuremberg rallies, 172–75, 176

Obersalzberg chalet of, 169–71

as orator, 22, 24, 33, 34–36, 37, 40, 53–54, 76, 95, 119–20, 253, 265–66, 289–90, 312–13, 316

Papen’s relationship with, 89, 94–95, 104–5

parliamentary democracy opposed by, 68–69, 87–88, 96–97, 146–47, 222, 226, 229, 253–54

peace proposals of, 116, 119–20, 124, 140, 146, 151–52, 154, 226, 273, 282, 289–90

personality of, 3–4, 21–22, 23, 24, 26, 33–39, 40, 42, 75, 80, 81–82, 83, 85, 87–88, 100–101, 108–9, 112, 116, 169–71, 174–75, 177–79, 208, 228–29, 230, 233–34, 236, 254, 282, 288, 309–10

photographs of, 138, 236, 282, 294, 315

physical appearance of, 21, 34, 40, 85, 112, 115–16, 138, 173–74, 178–79, 236, 265, 282

political comeback of, 64, 67–88, 96–97, 100–101

political repression by, 89–95, 105–10, 119–20, 122–29, 139, 141–60, 165–67

as politician, 3–4, 20–29, 70–71, 73, 75–77, 79, 238–40, 254–55, 288

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