Оуэн Мэтьюз - Glorious Misadventures - Nikolai Rezanov and the Dream of a Russian America

8 George Alexander Lensen, ‘Early Russo-Japanese Relations’, Far Eastern Quarterly , vol. 10, no. 1, November 1950, pp. 17–22.

9 Rezanov letter to Buldakov, quoted in Istomin, ‘Dva Varianta Pisma’.

10 S. S. Shashkov, ‘Istoriia Russkoi Zhenshchiny’, Sobranie sochenenii S. S. Shashkova , Tipografiia I. N. Skorokhodova, St Petersburg 1898, p. 762.

7. Empire Builder

1 Tsiporukha, ‘Odna iz Stroitelei’, p. 36.

2 Ibid., p. 38.

3 Irkutsk, 11 June 1794, Shelikhova, Natalia Shelikhova , p. 44.

4 31 January 16 1796, Ibid., p. 34.

5 Tsiporukha, ‘Odna iz Stroitelei’, p. 41.

6 The same building also has a façade on ul Pestela 27. The house was bought by the Greek Prince Alexander Murusi, who rebuilt in eclectic style in 1874–7.

7 Letter to Buldakov quoted in Istomin, ‘Dva Varianta Pisma’.

8 Alexei Polevoi, Zapiski , quoted in introduction to Shelikhov/Pierce, Voyage , p. 30.

9 Shelikhova, Natalia Shelikhova , p. 44.

10 Ibid., p51.

11 Rezanov, Voyage to Nueva California, p. 46.

12 Nikita Nikitich Demidov to Natalia A. Shelikhova – sent from St Petersburg on 10 December 1795, received in Irkutsk on 26 January 1796, answered on 7 February 1796. Shelikhova, Natalia Shelikhova , p. 67.

13 Molloy, Russian Court , p. 268.

8. Tsar Paul

1 Parfenov, Russian Empire , episode 6.

2 Ibid.

3 Captain George Vancouver, A Voyage of Discovery to the North Pacific Ocean and Round the World in the Years 1790, 1791, 1792, 1793, 1794 and 1795. G. G. and J. Robinson and J. Edwards, London 1798, vol. 2, pp. 502–3.

4 Ibid., pp. 500–1.

5 Rezanov, Voyage to Nueva California , p. 41.

6 Black, Russians in Alaska , p. 113.

7 Engstrom, Baranov , p. 63.

8 Tsiporukha, ‘Odna iz Stroitelei’, p. 40.

9 Yermolaev, ‘Pskovsky Chinovnik Rezanov’.

10 Molloy, Russian Court , p. 298.

11 Ibid., p. 312.

12 St Petersburg, 18 March 1800. See Alex Zotov, ‘The Failed Franco-Russian Expedition to India: Diplomatic Correspondence’ on www.history-gatchina.ru and Prince S. Vorontsov’s Archive, Moscow 1870–95, vol. XXIX, p. 390.

13 Waliszewski, Paul , p. 363.

14 Ibid., p. 379.

15 Zotov, ‘Expedition to India’.

9. Russia’s East India Company

1 Quoted in Konstantin Mochulsky, Dostoevsyky, His Life and Work , Princeton University Press, Princeton 1971, p. 646.

2 Sverdlov, ‘Rezanov: Obraz I Lichnost’.

3 Clarence Manning, Russian Influence on Early America , NY Library Publishers, New York 1953, pp. 27–38.

4 Anthony Wild, The East India Company, Trade and Conquest from 1600 , HarperCollins, London 2000.

5 Semen B. Okun, tr. Carl Ginsburg, Preface by Robert L. Kerner, The Russian American Company , Harvard University Press, Cambridge Mass. 1955, p. 50.

6 Black , Russians in Alaska , p. 95.

7 Gideon, Voyage , p. 101.

8 Black, Russians in Alaska , p. 155.

9 Gideon, Voyage , p. 99.

10 Lopatnikov, ‘Nikolai Rezanov’.

11 Hermann Ludwig von Löwenstern, tr. Victoria Moessner, The First Russian Voyage Around the World , University of Alaska Press, Fairbanks, 2003, p. 3.

12 K. Voensky, Posolstvo N.P. Rezanova v Yaponiyu Russkaya Starina, Moscow 1995 No. 9-10.

13 Rezanov letter to Buldakov quoted in Gideon, Voyage , p. 87.

14 Ibid., p. 85.

15 Miller, Kodiak Kreol , p. 59.

16 Gideon, Voyage , p. 95.

17 S. P. Mel’gunov, Otechestvennaya Voina I Russkoe Oshestvo in Rossia Pered 1812 , vol. 2, ch. 1.

18 Löwenstern, First Russian Voyage , p. 3.

19 Also packed in the groaning hold were two copies of The Peoples of Russia , printed in St Petersburg with illustrations, as well as four large maps of the Russian empire and an entire library for Kodiak consisting of ‘metaphysical books, travelogues of Siberia history, economy and veterinary science’ donated by St Petersburg’s beau monde.

10. From Newgate to Brazil

1 Gavriil Derzhavin in Almazna Sypletsya Gora Sovietskaya Rossiya, Moscow 1972.

2 Gideon, Voyage , p. 83.

3 Book of Proverbs 30:19.

4 Nikolai Tolstoy, The Tolstoys: 24 Generations of Russian History 1353–1983 , Hamilton, London 1983, p. 124.

5 S. L. Tolstoy, Fyodor Tolstoy Amerikanets , AIN, Moscow 1926.

6 Löwenstern, First Russian Voyage , p. 2.

7 Ibid., p. 4.

8 Gideon, Voyage , p. 87.

9 Langsdorff, Voyages and Travels , p. 2.

10 Löwenstern, First Russian Voyage , p. 14.

11 Langsdorff, Voyages and Travels , p. 2.

12 Löwenstern, First Russian Voyage , p. 17.

13 Langsdorff, Voyages and Travels , p. 5.

14 Löwenstern, First Russian Voyage , p. 20.

15 Tolstoy, The Tolstoys , p. 126 .

16 Löwenstern, First Russian Voyage , p. 38.

17 Langsdorff, Voyages and Travels , p. 11.

18 Löwenstern, First Russian Voyage , p. 22.

19 Ibid., p. 25.

20 Ibid., p. 28.

21 Ibid., p. 27.

22 Ibid., p. 20.

23 Ibid., p. 29.

24 Langsdorff, Voyages and Travels , p. 27.

25 Löwenstern, First Russian Voyage , p. 32.

26 Ibid., p. 36.

27 Ibid., p. 37.

28 Ibid., p. 46.

29 Tikhmenev, Russian American Company , vol. 2, p. 144.

30 Löwenstern, First Russian Voyage , p. 37.

31 Ibid., p. 46.

32 Langsdorff, Voyages and Travels , p. 35 .

33 Ibid.

34 Ibid., p. 56.

35 Löwenstern, First Russian Voyage , p. 56.

36 Ibid., p. 64.

11. Cape Horn to the Court of the Hawaiian King

1 This draft of a letter witten by Tilesius to a member of the Academy of Sciences in St Petersburg was written on 24 September/6 October 1805 before the Nadezhda ’s departure from Kamchatka for Macao. (Stadtarchiv Múhlhausen, Tilesius-Bibliothek N. 82/661).

2 Löwenstern, First Russian Voyage , p. 69.

3 Ibid., p. 73.

4 Ibid.

5 Langsdorff, Voyages and Travels , p. 84.

6 Löwenstern, First Russian Voyage , p. 73.

7 Ibid., p. 87.

8 Ibid.

9 Langsdorff, Voyages and Travels , p. 87.

10 Löwenstern, First Russian Voyage , notes, p. 450.

11 Langsdorff, Voyages and Travels , p. 93.

12 Löwenstern, First Russian Voyage , p. 92.

13 Langsdorff, Voyages and Travels , p. 93.

14 Löwenstern, First Russian Voyage , p. 93.

15 Ibid., p. 94.

16 Langsdorff, Voyages and Travels , p. 94.

17 In two places in Löwenstern’s description of the voyage around the world scissors have been taken to the text – 28 August 1803 and 26-27 January 1804. In addition an anecdote about missionaries in Nukakhiva has been erased (25/27 April 1804) as well as part of the passage about an argument between Rezanov and Shemelin. (16/28 December 1804). Perhaps these passages were considered too risqué for women readers, though scatological Russian words that Löwenstern does not translate are not erased. The diaries contain numerous illustrations, mainly in the form of watercolours and ink drawings. See Moessner, ‘The First Russian Ambassador to Japan’.

18 Langsdorff, Voyages and Travels , p. 94.

19 Löwenstern, First Russian Voyage , p. 96.

20 Langsdorff, Voyages and Travels , p. 118.

21 Tolstoy, The Tolstoys , p. 128.