Vagit Alekperov - Oil of Russia

European Union, 331, 367–77

Evikhon, 342–43

Excise tax, 91–94

Exhibition of Lighting and Oil Production (St. Petersburg, 1888), 103–7

Exports, oil

in 19th century, 81, 95, 103, 104, 111, 129–31, 137

in early 20th century, 131–33

in post-Soviet period, 329, 331, 346, 367

in Soviet period, 187, 192, 203, 205, 206, 209, 216–27, 251, 253–55, 258, 262, 281, 310, 315, 317

Exposition Internationale de Bruxelles (1897), 123

Exposition Universelle de Paris (1878), 102

Exposition Universelle de Paris (1889), 112

Exposition Universelle de Paris (1900), 109, 110, 112, 123–24, 125

ExxonMobil, 346

Exxon Neftegaz Limited, 346

F

Falk, Johann, 26

Fall Blau, 268

Far East, 117–19, 131

Federation Council, 345

Fëdorov, S., 274

Fëdorov, V., 275

Feigl, Arnold, 112

Fioletov, Ivan, 179

First Sakhalin Syndicate, 118

Fischer-Tropsch hydrogenation process, 263

Five-Year Plans

First (1928-1932), 251–53

Second (1933-1937), 255–56

Third (1938-1941), 258–62

Fourth (1946-1950), 278–80, 283

Fifth (1951-1955), 283

Eighth (1966-1970), 309

Ninth (1970-1975), 304, 305, 308

Tenth (1976-1980), 305, 310, 315

Eleventh (1981-1985), 309, 313

Twelfth (1986-1990), 315

Thirteenth (1991-1995), 319

Folias, Christos, 372

Forced distillation, 92

Ford Motor Company, 233

Foreign investment, 88–90, 98–101, 145, 150, 198–205, 340–46, 369. See also oil concessions

Foreign policy, 310, 367–77

Foster Wheeler Corporation, 224, 233

Fotonaftil, 47, 48

Foundation Company, 196–97

Framework Convention for the Protection of the Marine Environment of the Caspian Sea, 350

France, 124–25, 183, 198–99, 219, 222, 225

Franco-Prussian War, 110

Frankland, Mark, 290

Friedrich, Duke of Holstein, 6

Frolov, Vasily, 197

Fuel budget, Soviet Russian (1918-1920), 172

Fuel conservation, 280

Fuel costs, 309

“Fuel famine,” 173–74

G

G. I. Zotov & Co. Sakhalin Oil Industrial Partnership, 117

G. M. Lianozov & Sons Oil Production Partnership, 97, 148

G8 Summit (St. Petersburg, 2006), 370

Gagarin, Prince, 67, 69

Gagarina, Princess, 95

Galacian Petroleum Association, 125

Ganshin, Sergey, 259

Gasoline, 73, 182, 190, 208, 214, 218–22, 225, 253, 255, 257, 258, 260, 262, 267, 269, 271–73, 278–79

Gaydar, Yegor, 324

Gaz de France Suez, 373

Gazprom, 327, 333, 340–42, 349, 359, 368, 369, 370, 372, 373, 375, 437–38

Gazprom Neft, 340, 349, 359, 386, 392–93

Gegechkori, Aleksi, 191

Gekker, Anatoly, 191

Gelmersen, Grigory, 62, 123

Gelpke, Basil, 330

General Electric, 224, 233

General Motors, 233

Genoa Conference (1922), 199–204, 228

Geologic Committee, 118, 119, 123–24, 127

George, Zapata, 330

Georgian Democratic Republic, 179–80, 184, 189–92

Georgian SSR, 191–93

Georgy of Vladimir, Prince, 9

Gerasimov, N., 256

German, Rikhard, 40

German Institute for Economic Research, 331

German-Russian Oil Company, 220

Germany, 184, 222, 225–26, 263–64, 268

Gerngros, Aleksandr, 51–52

Ginsburg, Ilya, 240

Ginzburg, Ilya, 259

Giprotrubgoprovod (Main Pipeline Design Institute), 296–97

GKO (State Defense Committee), 276, 277

Gladyshev, P. F., 66

Glavgeologiya, 261

Glavgortop (Main Mining and Fuel Administration), 246, 247

Glavkomneft. See Main Petroleum Committee

Glavneft, 151

Glavneftedobycha, 261

Glavneftesbyt (Main Crude Oil and Petroleum Products Sales and Transportation Administration), 261, 281

Glavsevmorputi (Main Administration of the Northern Sea Route), 272

Glavtyumenneftegazstroy, 297

Globalization, 369

Global warming, 380

GNK. See Main Petroleum Committee

GNP (gross national product), 329

GOELRO (State Commission for the Electrification of Russia), 174

Golenishchev-Kutuzov-Tolstoy, Pavel P., 143

Gollender, A., 248

Golovin, Fëdor, 141, 404

Golytsyn, Grigory, 122

Gora–Gorskaya oil pipeline, 262

Gorayski, Baron von, 125

Gorbachëv, Mikhail, 313–14, 316, 317, 320, 323, 425

Gorbov, I., 83

Gorky, Maxim, 162, 243

Gorky Auto Works, 233

Gosbank (State Bank), 208

Gosplan. See State Planning Committee

Grand Mereya (liquified natural gas carrier), 348

Graver Corporation, 224, 233

Great Britain, 97–101, 130, 137, 183, 220–22, 225, 226, 228, 254, 273, 274, 347, 355

Great Depression, 226

Great Patriotic War. See World War II

Great Reforms, 74

Greece, 371–72

“Greek fire,” 3, 4, 7

Greeks, ancient, 1–4

Grey, Captain, 98

Grigoryev, Pavel, 105

Gross national product (GNP), 329

Grozneft, 197, 206, 227, 237, 247, 249, 253, 259

Grozny–Black Sea oil pipeline, 196

Grozny District, 75–76, 149, 154, 194, 195, 237, 279

Grozny-Dnepr Oil Industrial Company, 115–16

Grozny fields, 171–72, 174, 276

Grozny Petroleum Industry Company, 114, 116

Grozny region, 113–17

Gruzinsky, Georgy, 112

Gryzlov, Boris, 345

GS-Caltex Corp., 348

Gubkin, Ivan, 146, 165, 197, 246, 249, 255–56, 426

Gubkin gas field, 292

Gubonin, Pëtr, 46, 76, 79, 81, 96, 404–5

Guchkov, Aleksandr, 142, 405

Gudovich, Ivan, 56–57

Gukasov, Pavel, 96

Gukovsky, Isidor, 165

GULAG (Main Administration of Prison Camps), 241

Güldenstädt, Johann Anton, 37–38

Gulishambarov, Stepan, 106

Gurgan offshore oil field, 281

Guryev, Aleksey, 50, 58

Gusev, K., 83

GUT (Main Administration for Fuel), 209

H

Hague International Financial and Economic Conference, 204–5

Hajinski, Mammad Hasan Jafargulu oglu, 178

Halder, Franz, 268–69

Halliburton Co., 343, 353

Hamdullah al-Qazwini, 5

Harris & Dixon Ltd., 222

Hay, John, 132

Heinz, V., 301, 307

Helmersen, Gregor von, 56

Heracles, Emperor, 5

Herodotus, 2

Hess, Henri, 35

Heydarov, Ibrahim bey, 178

Hippocrates, 2

Hitler, Adolf, 263, 264, 268–69

Hoeven, Maria van der, 347

Höfer, Hans von, 68

Hosayntan Hosayn, Shah Soltan, 15, 16

Hubbert, King, 330

Hughes, Charles Evans, 202

Hungary, 374–75

Huseynov, Mirza Davud Baghir, 185, 190

Hydrogenation, 263–64

Hypatian Chronicle, 8

Hyundai Corp., 348

I

I. A. Akhverdov & Co. Grozny Oil Industrial Company, 115, 116

I. A. Yegiazarov & Co. Oil Industry Company, 97

Ibn Miskawayh, 5

Ice-resistant stationary platforms (IRPs), 335

Icon painting, 10, 398

Ignatyev, Nikolay, 97

Ignatyevsky, Nikolay, 83

Igolkin, Aleksandr, 251

Igrimgaz, 295

Ilish, Fëder, 47

Imber, Pëtr, 167

Imperial Russian Technical Society (IRTS), 71–72, 92, 93, 104

Imperial Springs, 71, 73

Inchik, Feliks, 116

India, 219, 222–23

Inflation, 170

Information revolution, 308, 309, 330

Injuries, work-related, 138

Institute of Petroleum, 274

Integral-MashServis, 354

International Alternative Energy Forum (Verona, 2009), 381

International Association of Oil Companies in Russia, 208

International Barnsdall Corporation, 206–7

International Energy Agency, 355, 381

International Energy Conference (Vienna, 2009), 383–84