Майкл Киммел - Гендерное общество

59 Herdt G. Mistaken Sex.

60 Цит. по: Tavris C., Wade C. The Longest War. P. 208-209.

61 Dobson J.C. Straight Talk to Men and Their Wives. P. 184.

62 Goldberg S. The Inevitability of Patriarchy. P. 233—234; см. также: Fausto-Sterling A. Myths of Gender. P. 124.

63 Lewontin R. et al. Not in Our Genes. P. 147.

64 Gender and the Life Course / Ed. A.Rossi. Chicago: Aldine, 1982.

418

65 Rist D.Y Are Homosexuals Born That Way? // The Nation. 1992. October 19. P. 427; Born or Bred? //

Newsweek. 1992. February 24.

D'Emilio J. Making Trouble: Essays on Gay History. New York: Routledge, 1992. P. 187.

67 См., напр.: Levine M.P. Gay Macho: The Life and Death of the Homosexual Clone. New York: New York University Press, 1997; см. также: Gagnon J., Simon W. Sexual Conduct. Chicago: Aldine, 1973.

68 Whisman V. Queer by Choice. New York: Routledge, 1992.

Bunch C. Lesbians in Revolt // Feminist Frameworks / Ed. AJaggar, P.Rothenberg. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1984.

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70 LeVay S. The Sexual Brain. Cambridge: M.I.T. Press, 1994. P. 6.

71 Hubbard R. The Political Nature of Human Nature // Theoretical Perspectives on Sexual Difference / Ed.

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72 Padgug R.A. On Conceptualizing Sexuality in History // Radical History Review. 1979. Vol. 20. P. 9.

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Глава 3

См., напр.: Sacks К. Engels Revisited: Women, Organization of Production, and Private Property // Women, Culture and Society / Ed. M.Rosaldo, L.Lamphere. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1974; Idem. Sisters and Wives: The Past and Future of Sexual Equality. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1979.

Т

Mead M. Sex and Temperament in Three Primitive Societies. New York: William Morrow, 1935. Такие критики, как

Дерек -Зримей, считают, что Мид, как и биологи, которых она критиковала, на^ла то, что искала, особенно на

островах Самоа, где, скорее всего, она просто придумала некоторые детали. Но вызовы, брошенные основным

взглядам Мид по вопросам культурных вариаций в тендерных ролях, выраженным в ее работе, посвященной

архипелагу Новая Гвинея, сами являются необоснованными и неубедительными.

Mead M. Sex and Temperament in Three Primitive Societies. P. 29, 35, 57-58,84, 101, 128.

Mead M. Male and Female. New York: William Morrow, 1949. P. 69; Idem. Sex and Temperament in Three Primitive Societies. P. 171.

Mead M. Sex and Temperament in Three Primitive Societies. P. 189, 190, 197; Idem. Male and Female. P. 98.

14*

Mead M. Sex and Temperament in Three Primitive Societies. P. 228.

419

7 Zihlman A. Woman the Gatherer: The Role of Women in Early Hominid Evolution // Gender and Anthropology /

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8 Engets F. On the Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State. New York: International Publishers, 1970.

9 Leacock E. Women's Status in Egalitarian Society: Implications for Social Evolution // Current Anthropology.

1978. Vol. 19. № 2. P. 252; см. также: Idem. Montagnais Women and the Jesuit Program for Colonization //

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10 Sacks K. Engels Revisited; Idem. Sisters and Wives.

" Harris M. Cows, Pigs, Wars and Witches: The Riddle of Culture. New York: Random House, 1974; Idem.

Cannibals and Kings. New York: Random House, 1977.

12 Tiger L, Fox R. The Imperial Animal. New York: Holt, 1971.

13 Levi-Strauss C. The Elementary Structures of Kinship. London: Tavistock, 1969; см. также: Collier J., Rosaldo M. Politics and Gender in Simple Societies // Sexual Meanings: The Cultural Construction of Gender and Sexuality /

Ed. S.B.Ortner, H.Whitehead. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1981.

14 Bacon M.K., Barry H., Child l.L. A Cross-Cultural Survey of Some Sex Differences in Socialization // Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology. 1957. Vol. 55. № 3. P. 327-332.

15 Brown J. A Note on the Division of Labor by Sex // American Anthropologist. 1970. Vol. 72. № 5.

16 Coltrane S. The Micropolitics of Gender in Nonmdustrial Societies // Gender & Society. 1992. Vol. 6. № 1; Mead M. Male and Female. P. 189, 190.

17 Spain D. Gendered Spaces. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1992; Idem. The Spatial Foundations of Men's Friendships and Men's Power // Men's Friendships / Ed. P.Nardi. Newbury Park, Calif.: Sage Publications, 1992.

18 Gregor T. No Girls Allowed // Science. 1982. Vol. 82.

19 Sanday P.R. Female Power and Male Dominance. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1981. P. 75, 128. См.

также: Lepowsky M. Gender in an Egalitarian Society: A Case Study from the Coral Sea // Beyond the Second Sex: New Directions in the Anthropology of Gender / Ed. P.R.Sanday, R.G.Goodenough. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1990.

20 См.: Tavris C., Wade C. The Longest War. New York: Harcourt, Brace, 1984. P. 330-331.

21 См.: Sanday P.R. Fraternity Gang Rape. New York: New York University Press, 1991.

22 Whiting J.W., Kluckhohn R., Anthony A. The Function of Male Initiation Ceremonies at Puberty // Readings in Social Psychology / Ed. E.Maccoby, T.M.Newcomb, E.L.Hatley. New York: Henry Holt, 1958.

23 Gregersen E. Sexual Practices. New York: Franklin Watts, 1983. P. 104.

420

24 Цит. по: Abusharaf R.M. Unmasking Tradition // The Sciences. 1998. March/April. P. 23.

2S

См., напр.: Zoske J. Male Circumcision: A Gender Perspective // Journal of Men's Studies. 1998. Vol. 6. № 2.

2 Paige K., Paige J. The Politics of Reproductive Ritual. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1981.

27 Tavris C., Wade C. The Longest War. P. 314; см. также: Paige K., Paige J. The Politics of Reproductive Ritual; Mernissi F.

Beyond the Veil: Male-Female Dynamics in a Modern Muslim Society. New York: Wiley, 1975.

28

Olien M. The Human Myth. New York: Harper and Row, 1978; Martin M.K., Voorhies B. Female of the Species.

New York: Columbia University Press, 1975.

30

Williams W. The Spirit and the Flesh. Boston: Beacon Press, 1986.

Gregersen E. Sexual Practices. P. 270.

Martin M.K., Voorhies B. Female of the Species. P. 97.

32 К.Клакхон (1948) цит. по: Kluckhohn С. Mirror for Man. Greenwich, Conn.: Fawcett, 1970.

33 Herdt G. Guardians of the Flutes. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1981. P. I, 165,282.

34 Williams F.E. Papuans of the Trans-Fly. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1936. P. 159; см. также: Schiefflin E.L. The Sorrow of the Lonely and the Burning of the Dancers. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1976; Kelly R. Etero Social Structure. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1977; Carrier J. Sex Role Preference as a Explanatory Variable in Homosexual Behavior // Archives of Sexual Behavior. 1977. Vol. 6.

Davenport W. Sex in Cross-Cultural Perspective // Human Sexuality in Four Perspectives / Ed. F.Beach, M.Diamond. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press,1977; см. также: Ritualized Homosexuality in Melanesia /

Ed. G.Herdt. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1984. F. 66.

38 39

Gregersen E. Sexual Practices. P. 257.