Anthony Summers - The Eleventh Day

59 Morrone:Port Authority press release, 8/13/02, www.PANYNJ.gov;

60 5 dead PAPD:William Keegan with David Bart, Closure , NY: Touchstone, 2006, 67;

61 policewoman:Smith, 67, NY Daily News , 3/24/02, www.irishtribute.com entry for Moira Smith.

62 “The number”:transcript of press conference, CNN, 9/11/01;

63 7,000:John Ashcroft cited in MFR 04020543, 12/17/03, & see Knight Ridder report, 10/11/01.

64 2,760:The authors’ rendering of the total number of 9/11 deaths in New York City includes the ten hijackers of the two planes that hit the Trade Center. The figure used in the 9/11 Commission Report did not include the hijackers, nor did it include three victims injured that day whose deaths were registered later outside New York. The total used here does not include those deemed to have died of illnesses contracted as a result of 9/11, an issue that will be covered elsewhere (CR, 311, 552n188, “World Trade Center Operational Statistics,” Office of the Chief Medical Examiner, 1/30/09, NYT , 7/22/04, ed. Robyn Gershon, High Rise Building Evacuation , Chicago: Univ. of Chicago Press, 2006, 19, CR, 552n188);

65 other countries: NYT , 4/19/02;

66 immigrants: Hoy , cited by AM New York , 9/7/06.

67 Ground Zero:The term “Ground Zero” appears to have been used for the first time on the evening of 9/11, by CBS reporter Jim Axelrod (CBS News, 9/11/01, video at www.archive.org);

68 “All that remained”/final throes:Langewiesche, 6, 4, www.national911memorial.org;

69 lesser giants:frontispiece, ibid., “World Trade Center Building Performance Study,” Washington, D.C.: FEMA, May 2002, 3–.

70 WTC 7:“Final Report on the Collapse of World Trade Center Building 7,” Federal Building and Fire Safety Investigation of the World Trade Center Disaster, Washington, D.C.: NIST, 11/08, NCSTAR 1A, 4.2. There has been a long-running controversy about the collapse of WTC 7—the thrust of it being the suggestion that the building collapsed not solely because of fire and damage but, skeptics suggest, because explosives were used. The controversy will be covered in Ch. 11;

71 Verizon:MFR 04018174, 2/25/04, DiMarco, 302–, Smith, 198–;

72 NY Stock Exchange:MFR 03013078, 12/11/03, MFR 04016224, 1/21/04;

73 American Stock Exchange:MFR 04014516, 1/14/04;

74 “visiting”:MFR 04017265, 12/18/03;

75 NASDAQ:MFR 04014517, 1/14/04;

76 Federal Reserve NY:MFR 04016224, 1/21/04;

77 Greenspan:MFR 04014512, 1/9/04, MFR 04018180, 1/20/04, MFR 04016224, 1/21/04;

78 liquidity/ATMs:MFR 04014512, 1/9/04, MFR 04016224, 1/21/04, MFR 04018180, 1/20/04;

79 $83/95 billion: Real Estate Weekly , 9/11/02.

CHAPTER 9

1

“Ambulances going”:

int. Michael Cahill, TF, 10/17/01;

2

Melisi:

“America Rebuilds,” transcript of int. Melisi,

www.pbs.org

.

3

Two civilians:

They were Tom Canavan, who had worked at First Union Bank on the 47th floor of the North Tower, and a second, unknown man who escaped with him (USA

Today

, 9/5/02).

4

Jonas & rescued group:

“A Day in September,”

www.recordonline.com

, “World Trade Center Survivors,”

http://911research.wtc7.net

, Picciotto with Paisner, 128–,

New York

, 11/26/02;

5

Buzzelli:

USA Today

, 9/5/02, Langewiesche, 103–;

6

McLoughlin/​Jimeno/​Marines:

Slate

, 9/10/02,

NY Post

, 8/7/06,

Times Herald-Record

, 1/18/02. The two former Marines were David Karnes, at the time an accountant with Deloitte Touche, and Jason Thomas, who on 9/11 was attending the John Jay College of Criminal Justice in New York City.

7

fellow overboard:

Langewiesche, 62.

8

“onslaught”:

MFR 04018541, 4/15/04;

9

personnel/surgeons:

int. Dr. Glenn Asaeda, TF, 10/11/01;

10 by midnight:“DOD Medical Support to the Federal Response Plan,” Washington, D.C.: Office of the Inspector General, Dept. of Defense, 5/10/02, 7;

11 “A person’s torso”:int. Benjamin Badillo, TF, 1/24/02;

12 “I-beams”:int. Charles Blaich, TF, 10/23/01;

13 “A woman’s”:DiMarco, 270;

14 “The body”:eds. Der Spiegel , 243;

15 “You couldn’t”:Barrett & Collins, 248;

16 21,744: New York , 1/7/10;

17 medical examiner: NYT , 7/14/02, & see “World Trade Center Operational Statistics,” Office of the Chief Medical Examiner, NYC, 9/9/03;

18 2009:update, “DNA Testing of Remains,” 2/1/09, Office of the Chief Medical Examiner, www.nyc.gov;

19 Deutsche Bank:“Deutsche Bank Building—FAQ,” Lower Manhattan Development Corporation, www.renewny.com;

20 manholes/road:AP, 4/8/08.

21 Fresh Kills: NYT , 3/24/07. According to a sworn affidavit by Eric Beck, a supervisor for Taylor Recycling, the process at Fresh Kills involved creating a mixture used to pave city streets and fill potholes. Troubled by the implication that fragments of their loved ones may have become part of this mixture, relatives of the dead went to federal court in 2007 to plead that the sifted debris be removed from the site and reburied in a more appropriate setting on a site nearby. In 2009, a judge dismissed the families’ suit, citing in part the city’s intention of redeveloping the now closed Fresh Kills landfill into a park and nature reserve that would include a memorial to the 9/11 victims ( NYT , 3/24/07, Staten Island Advance , 7/7/08, NY Post , 7/8/08);

22 1,229: NYT , 7/14/02;

23 401:authors’ calculation based on figures in NYT , 7/14/02, 5/12/11, and ABC News, 5/13/11.

24 “I see this”:int. Jason Charles, TF, 1/23/02;

25 “The ambulances”:int. Michael Cahill, TF, 10/17/01;

26 “People were”:int. Richard Broderick, TF, 10/25/01;

27 “Nobody could”:int. David Blacksberg, TF, 10/23/01;

28 “Everybody’s coughing”:int. Jody Bell, TF, 12/15/01;

29 “Our face-pieces”:int. Paul Bessler, TF, 1/21/02;

30 “My lungs were”:int. Paul Adams, TF, 11/1/01;

31 “The sergeant asked”:int. Jason Charles, TF, 1/23/02;

32 9:59/FC: NY Daily News , 9/30/01;

33 asbestos, etc., in dust:“EPA’s Response to the World Trade Center Collapse,” Washington, D.C., Office of the Inspector General, Environmental Protection Agency, 8/21/03, Cate Jenkins [EPA] to Monona Rossol, 11/15/01, www.whitelung.org, NYT , 9/14/01, Newsweek , 10/5/01, Der Spiegel , 12/20/06, DiMarco, 130, Gail Sheehy, Middletown, America , NY: Random House, 2003, 41;

34 seven blocks: Village Voice , 7/31/07;