Сборник статей - Петербургская социология сегодня – 2015. Сборник научных трудов Социологического института РАН

Keywords: wage, standards of living, living wage, labor relations, living conditions, recreation.

S. G. Klimova, I. A. Klimov

Modernizing effects of social entrepreneurship

The article proposes the definition and empirical features of social enterprise, suitable for identification and to determine the effect of the social activities of such enterprises. On the example of 15 companies operating mainly in small and medium-sized cities in Russia, analyzed activity leaders for the development and creation of new rules and practices that are relevant to achieving not only production, but also for social purposes. A proposed typology of social enterprises, their differing socio-cultural projects and describes the forms of existence of such projects.

Keywords: social enterprise, rules, practices, samples, solidarity, social impact, social and cultural project, completeness, interaction with employees.

L. A. Kudrinskay

Voluntary work: scales, potential and factors of development

Article subject – the volunteering considered in a context of sociology of work. This foreshortening allows to consider scales, potential and factors of development of voluntary activity in the world and in Russia. In article approach in which communication of governmental, commercial and voluntary sectors of modern society is considered is used. Results of the Russian and author’s sociological researches on article subject are given.

Keywords: volunteering, volunteering, work, noncommercial sector, scales of voluntary work, potential, development factors, sociological researches.

S. I. Boyarkina, E. A Ivanova, B. G. Tukumtsev

Sociological Analysis of Postgraduates activities in Saint-Petersburg Scientific Organizations and Universities

Contemporary postgraduate Russian education problems are actualized by this article. The data of the author investigational project, which was carried out in scientific and educational organizations in Saint-Petersburg are presented. An attempt is made to analyze conditions of Postgraduates activities, difficulties which are complicates their work. In focus of our attention is compliance of postgraduate educational model taking place in Saint-Petersburg scientific organizations and universities to requirements of modern science.

Keywords: conditions of postgraduates activities, postgraduate educational difficulties, requirements of modern science.

G. V. Kanygin, M. S. Poltinnikova

Social Knowledge and How to Develop its Tools

In this paper we argue that shortcomings of modern information technologies in social management are due to insufficient flexibility of computer services provided. To avoid the shortcomings we propose a metaphor of social knowledge which is being constructed by a community of social actors. A special attention is put on knowledge tools capable of providing the knowledge, received as a result of actors’ collective actions, of features substantiated in social theory (constructiveness and openness) and mathematical modeling (observability and fullness). The metaphor proposed is assumed for further development as computer ontology.

Keywords: Information and analytical support of government, sociology of management, social knowledge, actor, social environment, tools, social information, social action, term. system, which substantiate a computer model representations of social actors of these processes

A. E. Geger, Y. A. Tchupakhina, S. A. Geger

Computers programs for the qualitative and mixed data analysis

The article describes the problem of computer support for qualitative and mixed data analysis. The possibilities of the six computer programs is systematically explored, among them two domestic developments – Vega and TextAnalyst, as well as four foreign counterparts – MaxQDA, NVivo, Ethnograph, Atlas.ti.

Keywords: computer programs, qualitative data, mixed data, text arrays, classification, codification.

L. V. Panova

Health care financing as a contextual factor of health

The present article investigates into financing of the public medical service since the period of transition. In this paper we analyze four key financial indicators that best reflect the degree of saturation of the material resources in public health service: total health expenditure (THE) in (%) GDP; General government expenditure on health (GGHE) as% of THE; GGHE as% General government expenditure; Out of pocket expenditure as% total health expenditure. A profound research of these indicators applies to application of the multilevel modeling approach. Such an analysis could add to the study of both individual and contextual effects on health in Russia.

Keywords : health, financing of the public health service, total health expenditure; general government expenditure on health, out of pocket expenditure, financial risks, catastrophic expenses.

I. S. Pautov

Sociological analysis of the connections between welfare dynamics and health indicators on the macro-level in the modern Russia

The article represents the results of the author’s research focused on revealing the connections between the dynamics of welfare indicators in Russia from 1990 to 2012 and changes in health indicators of Russians such as life expectancy at birth and the death rate, during the same period. The research is based on the statistical data analysis. The author demonstrates the connections between health indicators of Russians in 1990–2012 and changes in the economic situation, the dynamics of inequality, employment, social support, access to recreational services. Based on these results the author concludes that the changes in the quantity and the quality of social and economic welfare resources at the macro-level are connected with the dynamics of health indicators.

Keywords: welfare, health indicators, inequality, employment, social support.

A. А. Sidorin

Social mechanisms of values young people’s health: activity-activist approach

In this paper we consider the problem of value of young people’s health. Young people quite early start to engage in destructive practices (smoking, alcohol or drags intake), destroying their health. To study this problem, we use activity-activist approach. In this article there are two empirical studies data described. The first is built on the basis of the group survey of students, the second – on the in-depth interviews. Analysis of the data will be viewed through the prism of one of the key sociology concepts – the social mechanism, which was adapted in accordance with the analysis purposes. As the result of the study, we concluded that the health of young people is destroyed not only by social forces, but also by reducing the morale of young people. The most important result we found is that the morale of the young people in a practical understanding of their health value is the base point for overcoming the negative situation with regard to their health.

Keywords: social mechanism, the health young people, deviation, activity-activist approach, social institutions, morality, behavior.

O. B. Bozhкov, T. Z. Protasenko

New forms of behavior as mechanizm of socio-cultural and institutional changes

The new forms of behavior caused the post-perestroika period. New practices associated with social disruption, changes in legislation, as well as individual events.

Keywords: behavior, new forms of social change.

S. N. Ignatova, O. B. Bozhkov