mesotron— usually called meson in the modern physics texts.
protons and neutrons constantly to change places. The mechanism of π +pion exchange described here was first suggested by Hideki Yukawa in 1935 and experimentally confirmed in 1947. However, in 1964 it was superseded by the quark model, according to which the proton-neutron force is a kind of “residual” force caused by the gluon exchange between the quark constituents of nucleons.
reality,In 1955 text no comma here.
Notes to Paper № 43
40,000, In 1955 text: four thousand. The second edition correction appears to be warranted based on a reference at 119:7.2 in the text: “The public announcement that Michael had selected Urantia as the theatre for his final bestowal was made shortly after we learned about the default of Adam and Eve. And thus, for more than thirty-five thousand years, your world occupied a very conspicuous place in the councils of the entire universe.” The default occurred about 37,800 years ago, so “almost forty thousand” and “more than thirty-five thousand” would seem to be equally reasonable descriptions. The committee concluded that the problem here is identical in origin to that of 41:4.4 in the text: the number in question was written as a numeral in the manuscript (40,000 not forty thousand), and the error was caused by the loss of a zero before the number was formatted into words for printing.
re-keyed, In 1955 text: rekeyed. The only other occurrence of re-keyed is in hyphenated form 48:2.21 in the text. Words formed with the “re-” prefix, fall under the same general Chicago Manual of Style rule, but this instance is covered by an exception: “a) When the first vowel of the added word would ... suggest mispronunciation, the hyphen is retained.” In this case, the un-hyphenated form appears to indicate that the first syllable is pronounced with a short e, causing the reader to stumble. Insertion of the hyphen resolves the problem.
Notes to Paper № 44
worlds, In 1955 text comma after worlds. This is the only one of the committee's recommendations that allows the reasonableness of the original but recommends the change because all publishers have long since adopted the change.
Notes to Paper № 45
Sometime, In 1955 text: Some time. The one-word form is correct as the reference is to an indefinite point in time rather than to an indefinite period of time. (See Webster’s ) Given the location of this word in the 1955 text — with a line break occurring between Some and time — it is possible that the original error was simply a missing end-of-line hyphen.
Notes to Paper № 46
miles, Here the “mile” could be referring to a “standard Jerusem mile” and so was left unconverted.
Notes to Paper № 51
13 ... and 681,204, the total number is therefore 681,217. However, at 53:7.8 it is stated that the total number of Material Sons lost in Satania is 681,227.
Notes to Paper № 53
bound the dragon (all the rebel leaders) for an age, We must not forget, however, the following verse, Revelation 20:3, which reads “... and after that he must be loosed a little season.”
He contended that “majorities rule,”Hence we learn that Lucifer was the first protagonist of democracy in our Universe.
“mind is infallible."This is a major contention of the modern materialistic so-called science.
the three azure blue concentric circles, Let us think about the possible reason for this emblem. Many visionaries and mystics (including the present editor) have visualised the evolving immortal (“morontia”, in terminology of the Urantia Papers) soul as a blue sphere of light, see for example the excellent presentation by Troy R. Bishop here: http://www.starspring.com/gloriousascent/swi-files/glorious_ascent.html. Furthermore, if we rotate the three blue concentric circles around the common axis of symmetry, they will appear as one blue sphere. Therefore, we see that the emblem of the three concentric circles not only represents the Trinity government, but also the morontia soul, i.e. the true essence of what we are becoming.
Panoptia, is a coined word from the Greek prefix pan- “all” and Greek optos “visible”, resulting in the probable meaning of “the place of those who see all (or “see the big picture”).
In symbol John saw this when he wrote, Note that the quotation that follows (from Revelation 12:4) is not exact. The Greek (and almost all other) sources say “cast them into the earth” and not “cast them down in darkness”. However, it is worth mentioning that some ancient Armenian MSS omit the phrase “into the earth” and instead say “from heaven”.
681,227, See the note at 51:1.5.
Daligastia, since the English letter D follows C in alphabetical order, the probable meaning of this name is “the one who is next to Caligastia”. Also, it may be connected to the Old French dalier “to chat” and English dally with “to have a casual romantic or sexual liaison with”. On the etymology of the name Caligastia see the note on 4:3.3.
Notes to Paper № 56
hand,In 1955 text no comma after hand. The structure of the sentence calls for a comma here. In the 1955 text, “hand" was at the end of the line — so the comma could easily have been dropped.
Notes to Paper № 57
900,000,000,000 years ago,In 1955 text no comma after ago. The added comma correctly separates the introductory phrase from the body of the sentence (and is consistent with the structure of the other sentences in this list).
Notes to Paper № 58
606 th... 60 th, It is interesting to note that the planet number (606) added to the number of experiment (60) is 666, known also as The Number of the Beast , see Revelation 13:18. Also, see the clarification of John's vision at 47:10.2 and the note at 15:14.8.
quadrillion= one thousand trillion, 10 15.
2.5 mm thick, The present (2000) estimate of the ozone layer thickness over the US is about 3 mm.
Notes to Paper № 59
Amoebae, In 1955 text: Ameba. The plural is required here to agree with the predicate “... are typical survivors ...”.
paradise, In 1955 text: Paradise. Changed to lower case.
mussels, In 1955 text: muscles. Muscles is an acceptable variant ( Webster ) and there are no other instances with this meaning, so standardization is not required, but the committee determined that the form “muscles” is now so uncommon for this meaning that adoption of the modern form “mussels” is justified.
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