Barbara J. Bain - Immunophenotyping for Haematologists

St Mary’s Hospital Campus, Imperial College London

and Honorary Consultant Haematologist

St Mary’s Hospital, London, UK

Mike Leach, MB ChB, FRCP, FRCPath

Consultant Haematologist and Honorary Senior Lecturer

Haematology Laboratories and West of Scotland Cancer Centre

Gartnavel General Hospital, Glasgow, UK

This edition first published 2021

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Library of Congress Cataloging‐in‐Publication Data

Names: Bain, Barbara J., author. | Leach, Mike, (Haematologist), author.

Title: Immunophenotyping for haematologists : principles and practice / Barbara J. Bain, Mike Leach.

Other titles: Immunophenotyping for hematologists

Description: Hoboken, NJ : Wiley‐Blackwell, 2020. | Includes bibliographical references and index.

Identifiers: LCCN 2020021078 (print) | LCCN 2020021079 (ebook) | ISBN 9781119606116 (hardback) | ISBN 9781119606147 (adobe pdf) | ISBN 9781119606154 (epub)

Subjects: MESH: Immunophenotyping | Hematologic Tests

Classification: LCC QR187.I486 (print) | LCC QR187.I486 (ebook) | NLM QW 525.5.I36 | DDC 616.07/582–dc23

LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2020021078LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2020021079

Cover Design: Wiley

Cover Images: (background) © KTSDESIGN/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY/ Getty Images, (inset) courtesy of Mike Leach

The increasing centralisation of specialised tests and the divorce of clinical from laboratory haematology in many countries means that many haematologists now have no direct contact with an immunophenotyping laboratory. Despite this, the results from the laboratory are often crucial in the management of their patients. This book is intended to help haematologists and trainees understand and interpret immunophenotyping results. It is not directed at those working in an immunophenotyping laboratory and technical details are therefore outlined only briefly. Such laboratories may, however, find it a useful source of information. For further reading on the subject, see the bibliography of each chapter.

Barbara J. Bain and Mike Leach

We should like to thank Allyson Doig, Senior Biomedical Scientist, Gartnavel Hospital, for assistance with the flow cytometry plots in Part 4.

κkappa (light chain)λlambda (light chain)ALCLanaplastic large cell lymphomaALLacute lymphoblastic leukaemiaAMLacute myeloid leukaemiaAMoLacute monoblastic/monocytic leukaemiaAPCallophycocyanineAPLacute promyelocytic leukaemiaASTaspartate transaminaseATLLadult T‐cell leukaemia lymphomaccytoplasmicCAR T cellschimaeric antigen receptor T cellsCDcluster of differentiationCLLchronic lymphocytic leukaemiaCMLchronic myeloid leukaemiaCMMLchronic myelomonocytic leukaemiaCSFcerebrospinal fluidCTcomputed tomographyDLBCLdiffuse large B‐cell lymphomaDNAdeoxyribonucleic acidEBNAEpstein–Barr virus nuclear antigenEBVEpstein–Barr virusEMAepithelial membrane antigenETP‐ALLearly T‐cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukaemiaFBCfull blood countFISHfluorescence in situ hybridisationFITCfluorescein isothiocyanateFLAERfluorescent aerolysinFSCforward scatter (of light)G‐CSFgranulocyte colony‐stimulating factorGPIglycosylphosphatidylinositolHbhaemoglobin concentrationHHVhuman herpesvirusHIVhuman immunodeficiency virusHLAhuman leucocyte antigenHLHhaemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosisHTLV‐1human lymphotropic virus 1IgimmunoglobulinILinterleukinLDHlactate dehydrogenaseLGLLlarge granular lymphocytic leukaemiaLMPlatent membrane proteinLLlymphoblastic lymphomaMALTmucosa‐associated lymphoid tissueMDSmyelodysplastic syndromeMDS/MPNmyelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasmMoAbmonoclonal antibodyMPALmixed phenotype acute leukaemiaMPNmyeloproliferative neoplasmMPOmyeloperoxidaseMRDminimal residual diseaseNHLnon‐Hodgkin lymphomaNKnatural killerNRnormal rangePEphycoerythrinPerCPperidinin chlorophyllPLLprolymphocytic leukaemiaPNHparoxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuriaRNAribonucleic acidSmsurface membraneSSCside or sideways scatter (of light)TCRT‐cell receptorTdTterminal deoxynucleotidyl transferaseULNupper limit of normalWBCwhite blood cell countWHOWorld Health Organization