David Hume - The Dark Ages

THE

DARK AGES

COLLECTION

TABLE OF CONTENTS

HISTORY OF THE LATER ROMAN EMPIRE, by J.B. Bury

CHAPTER I: THE CONSTITUTION OF THE MONARCHY

CHAPTER II: THE ADMINISTRATIVE MACHINERY

CHAPTER III: CONSTANTINOPLE

CHAPTER IV: THE NEIGHBOURS OF THE EMPIRE AT THE END OF THE FOURTH CENTURY

CHAPTER V: THE SUPREMACY OF STILICHO

CHAPTER VI: THE GERMAN INVASIONS UNDER HONORIUS

CHAPTER VII: THEODOSIUS II AND MARCIAN

CHAPTER VIII: THE DISMEMBERMENT OF THE EMPIRE IN THE WEST

CHAPTER IX: THE EMPIRE OF ATTILA

CHAPTER X: LEO I AND RICIMER’S RULE IN ITALY

CHAPTER XI: CHURCH AND STATE

CHAPTER XIII: THE REIGN OF ANASTASIUS I AND THE VICEROYALTY OF THEODERIC

CHAPTER XIV: THE EMPIRE AND PERSIA

CHAPTER XV: JUSTIN I AND JUSTINIAN I

CHAPTER XVI: THE PERSIAN WARS

CHAPTER XVII: THE RECONQUEST OF AFRICA

CHAPTER XVIII: THE RECONQUEST OF ITALY (I)

CHAPTER XIX: THE RECONQUEST OF ITALY (II)

CHAPTER XX: DIPLOMACY AND COMMERCE

CHAPTER XXI: ADMINISTRATIVE REFORMS AND FINANCE

CHAPTER XXII: ECCLESIASTICAL POLICY

CHAPTER XXIII: THE LEGISLATIVE WORK OF JUSTINIAN

CHAPTER XXIV: PROCOPIUS

LISTS OF RULERS

FOOTNOTES

THE STORY OF THE GOTHS, by Henry Bradley

WHO WERE THE GOTHS?

FROM THE BALTIC TO THE DANUBE

FIRE AND SWORD IN ASIA AND GREECE

HOW THE GOTHS FOUGHT WITH CONSTANTINE

THE GOTHIC ALEXANDER

THE JUDGES OF THE VISIGOTHS

THE APOSTLE OF THE GOTHS

FRITHIGERN AND VALENS—THE BATTLE OF HADRIANOPLE

THE GOTHS AND THEODOSIUS

ALARIC THE BALTHING

KING ATAWULF AND HIS ROMAN QUEEN

THE KINGDOM OF TOULOUSE

HOW THE WESTERN EMPIRE CAME TO AN END

THE BOYHOOD OF THEODERIC

THE RIVAL NAMESAKES

HOW THE OSTROGOTHS WON ITALY

THE WISDOM OF THEODERIC

THEODERIC AND HIS FOREIGN NEIGHBOURS

THEODERIC’S EVIL DAYS

A QUEEN’S TROUBLES

AN UNKINGLY KING

WITIGIS THE UNREADY

THE YEAR-LONG SIEGE

WITIGIS IN HIDING

THE GOTHS LOSE RAVENNA

NEW GOTHIC VICTORIES

THE FAILURE OF BELISARIUS

THE RUIN OF THE OSTROGOTHS

THE VISIGOTHS AGAIN

LEOVIGILD AND HIS SONS

THE GOTHS BECOME CATHOLIC

A PRIEST-RIDDEN KINGDOM

THE STORY OF WAMBA

THIRTY YEARS OF DECAY

THE FALL OF THE VISIGOTHS

CONCLUSION

GOTHIC PERSONAL NAMES

THE DARK AGES, BY CHARLES OMAN

ODOACER AND THEODORIC 476-493

THEODORIC KING OF ITALY 493-526

THE EMPERORS AT CONSTANTINOPLE 476-527

CHLODOVECH AND THE FRANKS IN GAUL 481-511

JUSTINIAN AND HIS WARS A.D. 528-540

JUSΤIΝIΑΝ—(CONTINUED)

THE EARLIER FRANKISH KINGS AND THEIR ORGANISATION OF GAUL 511-561.

THE VISIGOTHS IN SPAIN

THE SUCCESSORS OF JUSTINIAN 565-610

DECLINE AND DECAY OF THE MEROVINGIANS 561-656.

THE LOMBARDS IN ITALY, AND THE RISE OF THE PAPACY 568-653

HERACLIUS AND MOHAMMED 610-641

THE DECLINE AND FALL OF THE VISIGOTHS 603-711

THE CONTEST OF THE EASTERN EMPIRE AND THE CALIPHATE 641-717

THE HISTORY OF THE GREAT MAYORS OF THE PALACE 656-720

THE LOMBARDS AND THE PAPACY 653-743

CHARLES MARTEL AND HIS WARS 720-41

THE ICONOCLAST EMPERORS—STATE OF THE EASTERN EMPIRE IN THE EIGHTH CENTURY 717-802

PIPPIN THE SHORT—WARS OF THE FRANKS AND LOMBARDS 741-768

CHARLES THE GREAT—EARLY YEARS CONQUEST OF LOMBARDY AND SAXONY.

THE LATER WARS AND CONQUESTS OF CHARLES THE GREAT 785-814

CHARLES THE GREAT AND THE EMPIRE

LEWIS THE PIOUS 814-840

DISRUPTION OF THE FRANKISH EMPIRE—THE COMING OF THE VIKINGS 840-855

THE DARKEST HOUR—A.D. 855-887 FROM THE DEATH OF LOTHAIR I. TO THE DEPOSITION OF CHARLES THE FAT

ITALY AND SICILY IN THE NINTH CENTURY (827-924)

GERMANY 888-918

THE EASTERN EMPIRE IN THE NINTH CENTURY 802-912

THE END OF THE NINTH CENTURY IN WESTERN EUROPE. CONCLUSION

VISIGOTHS PILLAGE ROME, BY EDWARD GIBBON

HUNS INVADE THE EASTERN ROMAN EMPIRE; ATTILA DICTATES A TREATY OF PEACE, BY EDWARD GIBBON

THE ENGLISH CONQUEST OF BRITAIN, BY JOHN GREEN & CHARLES KNIGHT

ATTILA INVADES WESTERN EUROPE; BATTLE OF CHÂLONS, BY EDWARD CREASY & EDWARD GIBBON

FOUNDATION OF VENICE, BY THOMAS HODGKIN & JOHN RUSKIN

CLOVIS FOUNDS THE KINGDOM OF THE FRANKS: IT BECOMES CHRISTIAN, BY FRANCOIS GUIZOT

PUBLICATION OF THE JUSTINIAN CODE, BY EDWARD GIBBON

AUGUSTINE'S MISSIONARY WORK IN ENGLAND, BY VENERABLE BEDE & JOHN GREEN

THE HEGIRA; CAREER OF MAHOMET: THE KORAN: AND MAHOMETAN CREED, BY WASHINGTON IRVING & SIMON OCKLEY

THE SARACEN CONQUEST OF SYRIA, BY SIMON OCKLEY

SARACENS CONQUER EGYPT; DESTRUCTION OF THE LIBRARY AT ALEXANDRIA, BY WASHINGTON IRVING

EVOLUTION OF THE DOGESHIP IN VENICE, BY WILLIAM HAZLITT

SARACENS IN SPAIN: BATTLE OF THE GUADALETE, BY AHMED IBN MAHOMET AL-MAKKARI

BATTLE OF TOURS, BY EDWARD CREASY

FOUNDING OF THE CARLOVINGIAN DYNASTY; PÉPIN THE SHORT USURPS THE FRANKISH CROWN, BY FRANCOIS GUIZOT

CAREER OF CHARLEMAGNE, BY FRANCOIS GUIZOT

EGBERT BECOMES KING OF THE ANGLO-SAXON HEPTARCHY, BY DAVID HUME

THE continuity of history, which means the control of the present and future by the past, has become a commonplace, and chronological limits, which used to be considered important, are now recognised to have little significance except as convenient landmarks in a historical survey. Yet there are what we may call culminating epochs, in which the accumulating tendencies of the past, reaching a certain point, suddenly effect a visible transformation which seems to turn the world in a new direction. Such a culminating epoch occurred in the history of the Roman Empire at the beginning of the fourth century. The reign of Constantine the Great inaugurated a new age in a much fuller sense than the reign of Augustus, the founder of the Empire.