Merrill Singer - Ecosystem Crises Interactions

99 97

100 98

101 99

102 100

103 101

104 102

105 103

106 104

107 105

108 106

109 107

110 108

111 109

112 110

113 111

114 112

115 113

116 114

117 115

118 116

119 117

120 118

121 119

122 120

123 121

124 122

125 123

126 124

127 125

128 126

129 127

130 128

131 129

132 130

133 131

134 132

135 133

136 134

137 135

138 136

139 137

140 138

141 139

142 140

143 141

144 142

145 143

146 144

147 145

148 146

149 147

150 148

151 149

152 150

153 151

154 152

155 153

156 154

157 155

158 156

159 157

160 158

161 159

162 160

163 161

164 162

165 163

166 164

167 165

168 166

169 167

170 168

171 169

172 170

173 171

174 172

175 173

176 174

177 175

178 176

179 177

180 178

181 179

182 180

183 181

184 182

185 183

186 184

187 185

188 186

189 187

190 188

191 189

192 190

193 191

194 193

195 195

196 196

197 197

198 198

199 199

200 200

201 201

202 202

203 203

204 204

205 205

206 206

207 207

208 208

209 209

210 210

211 211

212 212

213 213

214 214

215 215

216 216

217 217

218 218

219 219

220 220

221 221

222 222

223 223

224 224

225 225

226 226

227 227

228 228

229 229

230 230

231 231

232 232

233 233

234 234

235 235

236 236

237 237

238 238

239 239

240 240

241 241

242 242

243 243

244 244

245 245

246 246

247 247

248 248

249 249

250 250

251 251

252 252

253 253

254 254

255 255

256 256

257 257

258 258

259 259

260 260

261 261

262 262

263 263

264 264

265 265

266 266

267 267

268 268

269 269

270 270

271 271

272 272

273 273

274 274

275 275

276 276

277 277

278 278

279 279

280 280

281 281

282 282

283 283

284 284

285 285

286 286

287 287

288 288

289 289

290 290

291 291

292 292

293 293

294 294

295 295

296 296

297 297

298 298

299 299

300 300

301 301

302 302

303 303

304 304

305 305

306 306

307 307

308 308

309 309

310 311

311 312

312 313

313 314

314 315

315 316

316 317

317 318

318 319

319 320

320 321

321 322

322 323

323 324

324 325

325 326

326 327

327 328

328 329

329 330

330 331

331 332

332 333

333 334

334 335

335 336

336 337

337 338

338 339

339 340

340 341

341 342

342 343

343 344

344 345

345 346

346 347

347 348

348 349

349 350

350 351

351 352

352 353

353 354

354 355

355 356

356 357

357 358

358 359

359 360

360 361

361 362

362 363

363 364

364 365

365 366

366 367

367 368

368 369

369 370

370 371

371 372

372 373

373 374

374 375

375 376

376 377

377 378

378 379

379 380

380 381

381 382

382 383

Merrill Singer, PhD

Department of Anthropology Emeritus Professor University of Connecticut Storrs, CT, USA

This edition first published 2021r© 2021 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, except as permitted by law. Advice on how to obtain permission to reuse material from this title is available at http://www.wiley.com/go/permissions.

The right of Merrill Singer to be identified as the author of this work has been asserted in accordance with law.

Registered Office John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA

Editorial Office 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA

For details of our global editorial offices, customer services, and more information about Wiley products visit us at www.wiley.com.

Wiley also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats and by print‐on‐demand. Some content that appears in standard print versions of this book may not be available in other formats.

Limit of Liability/Disclaimer of Warranty While the publisher and authors have used their best efforts in preparing this work, they make no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this work and specifically disclaim all warranties, including without limitation any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. No warranty may be created or extended by sales representatives, written sales materials or promotional statements for this work. The fact that an organization, website, or product is referred to in this work as a citation and/or potential source of further information does not mean that the publisher and authors endorse the information or services the organization, website, or product may provide or recommendations it may make. This work is sold with the understanding that the publisher is not engaged in rendering professional services. The advice and strategies contained herein may not be suitable for your situation. You should consult with a specialist where appropriate. Further, readers should be aware that websites listed in this work may have changed or disappeared between when this work was written and when it is read. Neither the publisher nor authors shall be liable for any loss of profit or any other commercial damages, including but not limited to special, incidental, consequential, or other damages.

Library of Congress Cataloging‐in‐Publication Data

Names: Singer, Merrill, author.

Title: Ecosystem crises interactions : human health and the changingenvironment / Merrill Singer, PhD, Department of Anthropology, Emeritus Professor, University of Connecticut Storrs, CT, USA.

Description: First edition. | Hoboken : Wiley, 2021. | Includes index.

Identifiers: LCCN 2020040393 (print) | LCCN 2020040394 (ebook) | ISBN 9781119569541 (paperback) | ISBN 9781119570028 (adobe pdf) | ISBN 9781119570011 (epub)

Subjects: LCSH: Environmental health. | Human beings–Effects of environment on. | Species–Effects of environment on.

Classification: LCC RA565 .S532 2021 (print) | LCC RA565 (ebook) | DDC 613/.1–dc23

LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2020040393LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2020040394

Cover Design: Wiley

Cover Image: © Jackal Yu/Shutterstock

This book is dedicated to Ann Atwater and C.P. Ellis, unlikely allies in the struggle for justice, and to the global youth fighting to rescue our fragile environment.