Space Physics and Aeronomy, Ionosphere Dynamics and Applications

Physics‐based models, which depend on high‐latitude electric field specification, suffer from the lack of high resolution in current electric field models. An assessment of current empirical, physics‐based GCMs and MHD coupled models shows that for the events studied, model energy input does not show good agreement with observations. As energy input is central to model predictions of energy dissipation into heating of ions and neutrals, it is not altogether surprising that observations of ion and neutral perturbations during magnetic storms do not agree with models in which the auroral zone is assumed to be the primary locus of Joule heating (Shim et al., 2012; Huang et al., 2016, 2017b).

A number of innovative approaches in modeling and data analysis have been proposed, which may benefit the goal of more accurate specification and forecast of magnetospheric energy input and dissipation in the IT system.

This research was supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (LRIR 18RVCOR127).

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