Innovations in Preventive Dentistry

Figs 2-3a to cFor a complete periodontal examination, more precisely scaled periodontal probes are required. (a) The PCPUNC 15 explorer (pressure calibrated, diameter of 0.5 mm) represents the standard periodontal probe with a graduation of 1 mm steps. (b) To explore interradicular attachment loss, a bended periodontal probe (Nabers probe, 3 mm graduation) is recommended for determination of furcation involvement. (c) Presentation of the application of periodontal probes around molar teeth.

Figs 2-4a to fA 38-year-old (at time of admission) man with an inconspicuous general health and no medication. Diagnosis: periodontitis stage 4, grade C. This case continues in Fig 2-10. Baseline examinations: (a) first and fourth quadrants; (b) second and third quadrants; (c) frontal view; (d) maxillary arch; (e) mandibular arch; (f) baseline measurements of the clinical attachment level, including tooth migration and loosening, furcation involvement, and bleeding on probing (graphic illustration by Parostatus.de).

Figs 2-5a and bRadiographic examination of the patient introduced in Fig 2-3. (a) Panoramic radiograph and (b) intraoral radiographs. The radiographs show severe horizontal and vertical (locally) bone loss.

Fig 2-6Periodontal measurement of the clinical attachment level, including tooth migration and mobility, furcation involvement, and bleeding on probing at the time of reevaluation (3 months after nonsurgical debridement; graphic illustration by Parostatus.de).

Figs 2-7a to eRepresentative images of the corrective therapeutic phase. (a) Intrabony three-wall defects subjected to regenerative periodontal therapy at maxillary right second premolar and first molar. (b) Wound closure upon application of enamel matrix derivatives onto the root surfaces. (c and d) Minimally invasive access to the three-wall intrabony defect at the mandibular right first molar. (e) Wound closure upon application of enamel matrix derivatives onto the root surface.

Figs 2-8a to dPeriodontal parameters in the course of periodontal therapy. (a) Periodontal inflamed surface area (PISA) 113projected to the palm of a hand; reduction of PISA during therapy up to 24 months after surgical treatment (supportive periodontal therapy [SPT]). (b) Attachment loss, (c) probing pocket depth, and (d) bleeding on probing (BOP) during active periodontal therapy and SPT (graphic illustration by Parostatus.de).

Figs 2-9a to fRadiographic images of the therapeutic outcome 2 years after regenerative surgical therapy. (a) Baseline radiograph: maxillary right second premolar to third molar. (b) Radiograph 2 years after surgery: maxillary right second premolar to second molar, with radiographic bone fill indicating periodontal regeneration upon application of enamel matrix derivatives. (c) Baseline radiograph: maxillary right second premolar to second molar. (d) Radiograph 2 years after surgery: maxillary right second premolar to second molar. (e) Baseline radiograph: mandibular right second premolar to second molar. (f) Radiograph 2 years after surgery: mandibular right second premolar to second molar, with radiographic bone fill indicating periodontal regeneration upon application of enamel matrix derivatives.