Maurice Hulle - The Terrestrial Macroinvertebrates of the Sub-Antarctic Iles Kerguelen and Ile de la Possession

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The sub-Antarctic islands are remote and isolated environments with original flora and fauna composed of a few species that are highly adapted to cold oceanic conditions. Their peculiar naturalness makes these ecosystems intrinsically fragile.<br /><br />This book focuses on terrestrial ecosystems and, in particular, on invertebrates – earthworms, mollusks, spiders and insects – that inhabit the French sub-Antarctic islands of the South Indian Ocean. All native and introduced species are presented in the form of individual fact sheets, which include the main identification criteria, geographical distribution and principal ecological traits. Numerous summary tables, distribution maps of introduced species, and a discussion on the originality and vulnerability of this fauna are also included.<br /><br />The Terrestrial Macroinvertebrates of the Sub-Antarctic Iles Kerguelen and Ile de la Possession is based on an expansive literature base, as well as on observations and photographs taken as part of a research program funded by the French Polar Institute Paul-Emile Victor (IPEV). The book also gives an important part to the history of the discoveries of the different species, as well as current conservation issues.

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Hullé)Figure 5.6. Bothrometopus desolationis (photo: B. Chaubet)Figure 5.7. Bothrometopus fasciatus (MNHN, photo: H. Baird)Figure 5.8. Bothrometopus gracilipes (photo: B. Chaubet)Figure 5.9. Bothrometopus gravis (photo: B. Chaubet)Figure 5.10. Bothrometopus randi (photo: B. Chaubet)Figure 5.11. Canonopsis sericea (photo: B. Chaubet)Figure 5.12. Christensenia antarctica (photo: B. Chaubet)Figure 5.13. Disker tenuicornis with details of mucron and claw segment (photo: ...Figure 5.14. Ectemnorhinus bougainvillei (MNHN, photo: H. Baird)Figure 5.15. Ectemnorhinus drygalskii (photo: B. Chaubet)Figure 5.16. Ectemnorhinus geniculatus and tarse details (MNHN, photo: H. Baird)Figure 5.17. Ectemnorhinus richtersi (photo: B. Chaubet)Figure 5.18. Ectemnorhinus viridis (photo: B. Chaubet)Figure 5.19. Color variation in Ectemnorhinus viridis (photo: B. Chaubet)Figure 5.20. Neocanonopsis dreuxi (photo: B. Chaubet)Figure 5.21. Palirhoeus eatoni (photo: B. Chaubet)Figure 5.22. Palirhoeus eatoni entering a crevice in reverse (photo: B. Chaubet)Figure 5.23. Xanium possessionense (photo: B. Chaubet)Figure 5.24. Erect setae of Xanium possessionense and X. vanhoeffenianum (drawin...Figure 5.25. Xanium vanhoeffenianum (photo: B. Chaubet)Figure 5.26. Meropathus chuni male (left) and female (right) (photos: B. Chaubet...Figure 5.27. Currently known distribution of Cartodere nodiferFigure 5.28. Cartodere nodifer (photo: B. Chaubet)Figure 5.29. Currently known distribution of Latridius minutusFigure 5.30. Latridius minutus (photo: B. Chaubet)Figure 5.31. Currently known distribution of Ptinus tectusFigure 5.32. Ptinus tectus (photo: B. Chaubet)Figure 5.33. Antarctotachinus crozetensis (photo: B. Chaubet)Figure 5.34. Leptusa atriceps (photo: B. Chaubet)Figure 5.35. Pseudoplectus antarcticus (photo: B. Chaubet)Figure 5.36. Amblystogenium minimum (photo: B. Chaubet)Figure 5.37. Amblystogenium pacificum: black and brown morphs (photos: B. Chaube...Figure 5.38. The invasion of the Îles Kerguelen by Merizodus soledadinusFigure 5.39. Merizodus soledadinus (photo: B. Chaubet)Figure 5.40. Temnostega antarctica (photo: B. Chaubet)Figure 5.41. Currently known distribution of Fucellia terginaFigure 5.42. Fucellia tergina female and wing detail (photo: B. Chaubet)Figure 5.43. Currently known distribution of Calliphora vicinaFigure 5.44. Calliphora vicina carrying dandelion pollen (photo: B. Chaubet)Figure 5.45. Apetaenus enderleini (photo: B. Chaubet)Figure 5.46. Apetaenus litoralis (photo: B. Chaubet)Figure 5.47. Currently known distribution of Hemeromyia sp.Figure 5.48. Hemeromyia sp. (photos: B. Chaubet)Figure 5.49. Belgica albipes (photo: B. Chaubet)Figure 5.50. Currently known distribution of Bryophaenocladius sp.Figure 5.51. Bryophaenocladius sp. (photo: Aina M. Aspaas, NTNU University Museu...Figure 5.52. Currently known distribution of Limnophyes minimusFigure 5.53. Limnophyes minimus (photo: B. Chaubet)Figure 5.54. Microzetia mirabilis (photo: Aina M. Aspaas)Figure 5.55. Morphological criteria to distinguish Parochlus and Microzetia (dra...Figure 5.56. Currently known distribution of Smittia sp.Figure 5.57. Smittia sp. (photo: B. Chaubet)Figure 5.58. Telmatogeton amphibius (photo: B. Chaubet)Figure 5.59. Amalopteryx maritima (photo: B. Chaubet)Figure 5.60. Paractora dreuxi (photo: B. Chaubet)Figure 5.61. Macrocera crozetensis: male wing (photo: B. Chaubet)Figure 5.62. Calycopteryx moseleyi (photo: B. Chaubet)Figure 5.63. Currently known distribution of Psychoda parthenogeneticaFigure 5.64. Psychoda parthenogenetica (photo: B. Chaubet)Figure 5.65. Currently known distribution of Scatopse notataFigure 5.66. Scatopse notata (photo: B. Chaubet)Figure 5.67. Currently known distribution of Lycoriella sativaeFigure 5.68. Lycoriella sativae, female (left) and male (right) (photos: B. Chau...Figure 5.69. Crozetia crozetensis (photo: B. Chaubet)Figure 5.70. Katepisternum of Crozetia crozetensis (hairy) and Crozetia seguyi (...Figure 5.71. Crozetia seguyi (photo: B. Chaubet)Figure 5.72. Anatalanta aptera, female (photo: B. Chaubet)Figure 5.73. Anatalanta crozetensis, male (photo: B. Chaubet)Figure 5.74. Currently known distribution of Leptocera curvinervisFigure 5.75. Wing venation of Leptocera curvinervis (photo: B. Chaubet)Figure 5.76. Siphlopteryx antarctica (photo: B. Chaubet)Figure 5.77. Currently known distribution of Trichocera maculipennisFigure 5.78. Trichocera maculipennis (photo: B. Chaubet)Figure 5.79. Currently known distribution of Aulacorthum solaniFigure 5.80. Aulacorthum solani (photos: B. Chaubet)Figure 5.81. Currently known distribution of Macrosiphum euphobiaeFigure 5.82. Macrosiphum euphorbiae (photo: B. Chaubet)Figure 5.83. Currently known distribution of Myzus ascalonicusFigure 5.84. Myzus ascalonicus (photos: B. Chaubet)Figure 5.85. Pringlea antiscorbutica: damage due to Myzus ascalonicus (photo: M....Figure 5.86. Currently known distribution of Myzus ornatusFigure 5.87. Myzus ornatus (photos: B. Chaubet)Figure 5.88. Myzus persicae (photo: B. Chaubet)Figure 5.89. Currently known distribution of Rhopalosiphum padiFigure 5.90. Rhopalosiphum padi (photo: B. Chaubet)Figure 5.91. Phthirocoris antarcticus (photo: B. Chaubet)Figure 5.92. Kleidotoma icarus (photo: B. Chaubet)Figure 5.93. Embryonopsis halticella adult and larvae (photos: B. Chaubet)Figure 5.94. Pringleophaga crozetensis adult and larva (photos: B. Chaubet)Figure 5.95. Pringleophaga kerguelensis adult and larva (photos: B. Chaubet)Figure 5.96. Occasional Lepidoptera species: A) Vanessa cardui; B) Agrotis ipsil...Figure 5.97. Antarctopsocus daviesi (photo: R. Georges)Figure 5.98. Currently known distribution of Lepinotus patruelisFigure 5.99. Lepinotus patruelis with one spermatophore (photo: R. Georges)Figure 5.100. Currently known distribution of Apterothrips apterisFigure 5.101. Apterothrips apteris (photo: B. Chaubet)

6 Chapter 6Figure 6.1. Ratio of alien species on Île de la PossessionFigure 6.2. Ratio of alien species on the Îles KerguelenFigure 6.3. Biosecurity measures before landing (photos: (A) M. Hullé, (B) T.A.A...

List of Tables

1 Chapter 2Table 2.1. Earthworms of the Îles Kerguelen and Île de la Possession

2 Chapter 4Table 4.1. Spiders of the Îles Kerguelen and Île de la Possession

3 Chapter 5Table 5.1. Number of indigenous and non-indigenous insect speciesTable 5.2. Coleoptera of the Îles Kerguelen and Île de la PossessionTable 5.3. Diptera of the Îles Kerguelen and Île de la PossessionTable 5.4. New synonymy of Sciaridae proposed by Broadley 2018Table 5.5. Hemiptera of the Îles Kerguelen and Île de la PossessionTable 5.6. Moths of the Îles Kerguelen and Île de la PossessionTable 5.7. Psocoptera of the Îles Kerguelen and Île de la Possession

4 Chapter 6Table 6.1. Number of native species according to their level of endemismTable 6.2. Number of native insect species in the four archipelagos of the South...Table 6.3. List of introduced species that have not become established (names ha...Table 6.4. List of the introduced macroinvertebrate species

Guide

1 Cover

2 Table of Contents

3 Title Page Series Editor Marie-Christine Maurel

4 Copyright First published 2021 in Great Britain and the United States by ISTE Ltd and John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of research or private study, or criticism or review, as permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, this publication may only be reproduced, stored or transmitted, in any form or by any means, with the prior permission in writing of the publishers, or in the case of reprographic reproduction in accordance with the terms and licenses issued by the CLA. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside these terms should be sent to the publishers at the undermentioned address: ISTE Ltd 27-37 St George’s Road London SW19 4EU UK www.iste.co.uk John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 111 River Street Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA www.wiley.com © ISTE Ltd 2021 The rights of Maurice Hullé and Philippe Vernon to be identified as the authors of this work have been asserted by them in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. Library of Congress Control Number: 2021937387 British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A CIP record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN 978-1-78630-760-6 Photography: Bernard Chaubet (INRAE) Cartography: Damien Fourcy (INRAE) Species identification: Romain Georges (University of Rennes 1), Christelle Buchard (INRAE)

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